Article
Rheumatology
Lingyi Li, Na Lu, Ana Michelle Avina-Galindo, Yufei Zheng, Diane Lacaille, John M. Esdaile, Hyon K. Choi, J. Antonio Avina-Zubieta
Summary: This study reveals that patients with RA have an elevated risk of developing VTE, PE, and DVT compared to the general population after diagnosis, with the highest risk in the first year post-RA diagnosis followed by a gradual decline.
Article
Rheumatology
Brian B. Logstrup, Torkell Ellingsen, Alma B. Pedersen, Bianka Darvalics, Kevin K. W. Olesen, Hans Erik Botker, Michael Maeng
Summary: The study reveals that patients with rheumatoid arthritis have a higher risk of heart failure compared to the general population but a lower risk compared to diabetes mellitus patients.
Article
Rheumatology
Mats Geijer, Gerd-Marie Alenius, Lars Andre, Tomas Husmark, Per T. Larsson, Ulla Lindqvist, Ingrid Thyberg, Elke Theander
Summary: This study compared the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) at diagnosis and after five years. The results showed that PsA patients still had impairments in HRQoL after five years, while RA patients had almost normalized HRQoL.
SEMINARS IN ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM
(2021)
Article
Rheumatology
Vasiliki-Kalliopi Bournia, George E. Fragoulis, Panagiota Mitrou, Konstantinos Mathioudakis, Anastasios Tsolakidis, George Konstantonis, Georgia Vourli, Dimitrios Paraskevis, Maria G. Tektonidou, Petros P. Sfikakis
Summary: The survival rates over 5 years in inflammatory arthritis under treatment are improving, but all-cause mortality is significantly higher in SLE and SSc, especially for male and younger patients.
Article
Hematology
Qingling Su, Hongyu Chen, Shanshan Du, Yiquan Dai, Cheng Chen, Tianmin He, Ruimei Feng, Tao Tao, Zhijian Hu, Hongwei Zhao, Pingfan Guo, Weimin Ye
Summary: This study found that increased serum bilirubin levels are inversely associated with the prevalence of carotid or femoral atherosclerosis. LDL and cholesterol may mediate these associations.
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Melody Kasher, Stacey S. Cherny, Gregory CHARGE Inflammation Working Grp, Gregory Livshits
Summary: This study aimed to clarify the genetic relationship between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and blood lipid levels, while considering inflammation. The results showed that horizontal pleiotropy may explain the genetic relationship between RA and blood lipid levels, and there may also be a horizontally pleiotropic relationship between blood lipid levels and inflammation.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Anne Langsted, Borge G. Nordestgaard, Pia R. Kamstrup
Summary: In a large cohort study, low levels of lipoprotein(a) and corresponding LPA genotypes were found to be associated with lower risk of diseases related to the circulatory system, but not with cancer or infectious diseases. This suggests that lowering lipoprotein(a) to low levels may not increase the risk of cancer or infections.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Alexandre Vallee
Summary: The association between lipid parameters and arterial stiffness index (ASI) is mainly determined by the TG/HDL ratio, which is more instructive in preventing AS progression than other modifiable factors.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jianli Qu, Yun Zhao, Li Zhang, Shilei Hu, Kaizhen Liao, Meirong Zhao, Pengfei Wu, Hangbiao Jin
Summary: This study found that PFAAs are widely present in human blood and have toxic effects on the human body. The study analyzed serum samples from both healthy individuals and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients in Hangzhou, China and found a correlation between PFAA exposure and the risk of developing RA. Specifically, higher concentrations of PFOA were associated with an increased risk of RA, as well as elevated levels of rheumatoid factors and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Qian Lei, Jie Yang, Li Li, Ning Zhao, Cheng Lu, Aiping Lu, Xiaojuan He
Summary: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic progressive autoimmune disease that mainly affects the synovial membrane of peripheral joints, leading to joint destruction and disability. It is also associated with high incidence and mortality of cardiovascular disease. Recent studies have focused on the relationship between lipid metabolism and RA. Changes in plasma lipids in RA patients are often observed in clinical tests, and the systemic inflammation and medication for RA can affect the metabolic level of the body. Advances in lipid metabolomics have revealed lipid small molecule changes and potential metabolic pathways, providing a comprehensive understanding of lipid metabolism in RA patients. This article reviews the lipid profile of RA patients and the relationship between inflammation, joint destruction, cardiovascular disease, and lipid levels. It also discusses the impact of anti-rheumatic drugs or dietary interventions on the lipid profile of RA patients.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yingke Xu, Qing Wu
Summary: The research showed that from 2005 to 2018, there was no significant linear trend in RA prevalence among US adults, but significant differences were observed among different racial/ethnic groups, educational levels, and income ratios, with higher risk groups including Non-Hispanic African Americans and those with lower socioeconomic status.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Tugba Alisik, Murat Alisik, Baris Nacir, Fikriye Figen Ayhan, Hakan Genc, Ozcan Erel
Summary: Higher MPO/PON1 ratio in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients may be associated with increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. The dysfunction of HDL in RA patients, as indicated by the MPO/PON1 ratio, suggests potential implications for assessing cardiovascular risk and monitoring treatment effectiveness in this population.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Natalia Mena-Vazquez, Jose Manuel Lisbona-Montanez, Rocio Redondo-Rodriguez, Arkaitz Mucientes, Sara Manrique-Arija, Jose Rioja, Aimara Garcia-Studer, Fernando Ortiz-Marquez, Laura Cano-Garcia, Antonio Fernandez-Nebro
Summary: Patients with late-onset rheumatoid arthritis (LORA) have poorer control of inflammation after diagnosis and more comorbidities compared to patients with young-onset rheumatoid arthritis (YORA) and healthy controls.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Gabriel-Santiago Rodriguez-Vargas, Pedro Santos-Moreno, Jaime-Andres Rubio-Rubio, Paula-Katherine Bautista-Nino, Dario Echeverri, Luz-Dary Gutierrez-Castaneda, Fabio Sierra-Matamoros, Stephania Navarrete, Anggie Aparicio, Luis Saenz, Adriana Rojas-Villarraga
Summary: There is no difference in vascular age between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients with low disease activity and osteoarthritis (OA) patients with poor metabolic control. Methotrexate also influences vascular age in RA patients.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Yonghong Luo, Xiaolei Ren, Shuwei Weng, Chunhui Yan, Qiaoxia Mao, Daoquan Peng
Summary: Anti-TNF therapies lead to significant increases in total cholesterol (TC) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels in RA patients, as well as short-term and mid-term elevations in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1), but not in the long-term. Ratios of proatherosclerotic indexes tend to decrease in the short and mid-term, but return to baseline levels in the long term after TNF inhibition.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biology
Layla Parast, Tianxi Cai, Lu Tian
Summary: In studies requiring long-term and/or costly follow-up, surrogate markers are often used to evaluate the treatment effect. However, existing statistical methods often fail to account for the potential variation in the utility or strength of surrogate markers based on patient characteristics. This paper proposes an approach to measure surrogate strength as a function of baseline covariate and examines potential heterogeneity in surrogate marker utility.
Article
Biology
Jue Hou, Stephanie F. Chan, Xuan Wang, Tianxi Cai
Summary: This paper aims to develop an efficient risk prediction model for disease onset time by leveraging a small number of labels on the current status and a large number of unlabeled observations on imperfect proxies. By combining information from proxies and limited labels, the proposed semisupervised risk prediction method improves the accuracy of estimations. Simulation studies and a real case analysis demonstrate the good performance of the method in a finite sample.
Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Yuri Ahuja, Liang Liang, Doudou Zhou, Sicong Huang, Tianxi Cai
Summary: Leveraging large-scale electronic health record (EHR) data to estimate survival curves for clinical events is crucial for risk estimation and comparative effectiveness research. However, the lack of direct event time observations hinders the use of EHR data. In this article, the authors propose SCORNET, a method that utilizes current status labels and informative features to achieve consistent and efficient survival function estimation.
Article
Rheumatology
Sicong Huang, Tianrun Cai, Brittany N. Weber, Zeling He, Kumar P. Dahal, Chuan Hong, Jue Hou, Thany Seyok, Andrew Cagan, Marcelo F. DiCarli, Jacob Joseph, Seoyoung C. Kim, Daniel H. Solomon, Tianxi Cai, Katherine P. Liao
Summary: This study found that elevated inflammation early in the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was associated with heart failure, specifically heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). The association was not observed with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). This finding suggests a window of opportunity for prevention of HFpEF in RA patients.
ARTHRITIS CARE & RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biology
Xuan Wang, Layla Parast, Larry Han, Lu Tian, Tianxi Cai
Summary: Identifying effective surrogate markers is crucial for improving clinical trial efficiency. Replacing long-term outcomes with shorter-term and/or cheaper surrogate markers can shorten study duration and reduce costs. However, methods for combining multiple markers to construct a composite marker with improved surrogacy are limited.
Article
Statistics & Probability
Jessica Gronsbell, Molei Liu, Lu Tian, Tianxi Cai
Summary: This paper introduces a two-step semi-supervised learning procedure based on stratified sampling to improve estimation or prediction using unlabelled data. The proposed method involves imputing missing labels through weighted regression with nonlinear basis functions in the first step and augmenting the initial imputations in the second step to ensure estimator consistency.
JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL STATISTICAL SOCIETY SERIES B-STATISTICAL METHODOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
William Yuan, Jayson S. Marwaha, Shana T. Rakowsky, Nathan P. Palmer, Isaac S. Kohane, David T. Rubin, Gabriel A. Brat, Joseph D. Feuerstein
Summary: Population-scale analysis reveals patterns in prescribing trends for ulcerative colitis management, including earlier use of biologics, associations of step-up therapy with higher corticosteroid exposure, and association of combination therapy with positive patient outcomes.
INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
James A. Diao, Gloria J. Wu, Jason K. Wang, Isaac S. Kohane, Herman A. Taylor, Hocine Tighiouart, Andrew S. Levey, Lesley A. Inker, Neil R. Powe, Arjun K. Manrai
Summary: The newly recommended 2021 CKD-EPI creatinine-based eGFR equation may result in substantial changes to recommended care for US patients of all racial and ethnic groups.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Statistics & Probability
Xinzhou Guo, Waverly Wei, Molei Liu, Tianxi Cai, Chong Wu, Jingshen Wang
Summary: In this study, a new data analysis pipeline and statistical methodology were introduced to address the limitations of previous research on the association between statin usage and the risk of developing type II diabetes. The study found that females with high genetic risk for diabetes are the most vulnerable subgroup for developing diabetes after taking statins.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Layla Parast, Tianxi Cai, Lu Tian
Summary: The primary benefit of identifying a valid surrogate marker is the ability to use it in a future trial to test for a treatment effect with shorter follow-up time or less cost. However, previous work has shown potential heterogeneity in the utility of surrogate markers. Therefore, ignoring this heterogeneity may lead to inaccurate conclusions about the treatment effect. This article introduces a novel test that accounts for the heterogeneity in surrogate marker utility.
STATISTICS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Byorn W. L. Tan, Bryce W. Q. Tan, Amelia L. M. Tan, Emily R. Schriver, Alba Gutierrez-Sacristan, Priyam Das, William Yuan, Meghan R. Hutch, Noelia Garcia Barrio, Miguel Pedrera Jimenez, Noor Abu-el-rub, Michele Morris, Bertrand Moal, Guillaume Verdy, Kelly Cho, Yuk-Lam Ho, Lav P. Patel, Arianna Dagliati, Antoine Neuraz, Jeffrey G. Klann, Andrew M. South, Shyam Visweswaran, David A. Hanauer, Sarah E. Maidlow, Mei Liu, Danielle L. Mowery, Ashley Batugo, Adeline Makoudjou, Patric Tippmann, Daniela Zoeller, Gabriel A. Brat, Yuan Luo, Paul Avillach, Riccardo Bellazzi, Luca Chiovato, Alberto Malovini, Valentina Tibollo, Malarkodi Jebathilagam Samayamuthu, Pablo Serrano Balazote, Zongqi Xia, Ne Hooi Will Loh, Lorenzo Chiudinelli, Clara-Lea Bonzel, Chuan Hong, Harrison G. Zhang, Griffin M. Weber, Isaac S. Kohane, Tianxi Cai, Gilbert S. Omenn, John H. Holmes, Kee Yuan Ngiam
Summary: This retrospective observational study analyzed data from 12,891 COVID-19 patients and found that age, severe COVID-19, severe acute kidney injury (AKI), and ischemic heart disease were associated with worse mortality outcomes. The severity of AKI was associated with poorer kidney function recovery, while the use of remdesivir was associated with better recovery. In patients without chronic kidney disease, age, male sex, severe AKI, and hypertension were associated with post-AKI kidney function impairment. COVID-19-associated AKI was also linked to higher mortality and worse long-term kidney function recovery.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Jacqueline Honerlaw, Yuk-Lam Ho, Francesca Fontin, Jeffrey Gosian, Monika Maripuri, Michael Murray, Rahul Sangar, Ashley Galloway, Andrew J. Zimolzak, Stacey B. Whitbourne, Juan P. Casas, Rachel B. Ramoni, David R. Gagnon, Tianxi Cai, Katherine P. Liao, J. Michael Gaziano, Sumitra Muralidhar, Kelly Cho
Summary: The development of phenotypes using electronic health records is a resource-intensive process. The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) has developed a standard for phenotype metadata collection, called CIPHER, which improves upon existing methods by capturing algorithm context and validation approach. This standard is applicable across healthcare systems and is currently used in the largest healthcare system in the United States.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL INFORMATICS ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Yi-han Sheu, Jiehuan Sun, Hyunjoon Lee, Victor M. Castro, Yuval Barak-Corren, Eugene Song, Emily M. Madsen, William J. Gordon, Isaac S. Kohane, Susanne E. Churchill, Ben Y. Reis, Tianxi Cai, Jordan W. Smoller
Summary: This study finds that applying machine learning models to clinical data can outperform clinicians in suicide risk stratification. The researchers use a landmark model framework, aligned with clinical practice, and a large electronic health record database to predict suicide-related behaviors. The models developed using this approach achieve high predictive performance across different prediction windows and settings.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Jun Wen, Xiang Zhang, Everett Rush, Vidul A. Panickan, Xingyu Li, Tianrun Cai, Doudou Zhou, Yuk-Lam Ho, Lauren Costa, Edmon Begoli, Chuan Hong, J. Michael Gaziano, Kelly Cho, Junwei Lu, Katherine P. Liao, Marinka Zitnik, Tianxi Cai
Summary: Predicting molecule-disease indications and side effects can be enhanced by comprehensively mining semantic dependencies between molecules, diseases, and diseases. This study introduces a Multi-Modal REpresentation Mapping Approach to Predicting molecular-disease relations (M2REMAP), which incorporates clinical semantics from electronic health records (EHR) of 12.6 million patients. M2REMAP achieves significant improvements in prediction performance on indications and side effects by combining multimodal molecule representation and disease semantic embedding.
Meeting Abstract
Rheumatology
Gregory McDermott, Jing Cui, Rachel Knevel, Kumar Dahal, Dana Weisenfeld, Priyam Das, Elizabeth Karlson, Su-Chun Cheng, Soumya Raychaudhuri, Tianxi Cai, Katherine Liao
ARTHRITIS & RHEUMATOLOGY
(2022)