Article
Business
Jay P. Shimshack, Michael B. Ward
Summary: Maintaining a credible threat of sanction against infrequent violators is relatively cheap and effective in reducing violations.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Biology
Shipra Bhatia, Dirk Jan Kleinjan, Kirsty Uttley, Anita Mann, Nefeli Dellepiane, Wendy A. Bickmore
Summary: This study introduces a method for simultaneous quantitative assessment of the spatial and temporal activity of wild-type and disease-associated mutant human CRE alleles using live imaging in zebrafish embryonic development. Expression of a specific fluorescent reporter allows for visualization of when and where the wild-type allele is active and how this activity is altered by mutation.
Article
Social Issues
Chenyu Huang, Yu-Che Chen, Joseph Harris
Summary: This study investigates the status of UAS regulatory compliance in the U.S. from the perspectives of ownership registration and maximum flight altitude limitation, analyzing the socio-demographic factors of UAS users and their relationship with compliance. Findings present the demographics of adult UAS users, the overall compliance status, and the relationship between compliance and socio-demographic factors, providing insights for developing effective policies and strategies for regulating UAS activities.
TECHNOLOGY IN SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Levan Elbakidze, Quinn Beeson
Summary: The study found that cumulative violations may decrease one year after introducing new state water quality standards, possibly due to adjustments in operations and procedures, the use of inputs like disinfectants being adjusted, or technology upgrades in response to new standards. Compliance may improve after introducing new standards.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Martin Franke, Elisa De la Calle-Mustienes, Ana Neto, Maria Almuedo-Castillo, Lbai Irastorza-Azcarate, Rafael D. Acemel, Juan J. Tena, Jose M. Santos-Pereira, Jose L. Gomez-Skarmeta
Summary: CTCF plays a critical role in animal development by regulating three-dimensional chromatin structure and enhancer-promoter interactions, essential for controlling the expression of thousands of genes. The architectural protein CTCF mediates chromatin looping and is enriched at the boundaries of topologically associating domains (TADs), impacting gene regulation during development. Loss of CTCF leads to disrupted chromatin structure and affects the expression of developmental regulators, highlighting its essential role in providing structural context for enhancer-promoter interactions.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Damir Baranasic, Matthias Hortenhuber, Piotr J. Balwierz, Tobias Zehnder, Abdul Kadir Mukarram, Chirag Nepal, Csilla Varnai, Yavor Hadzhiev, Ada Jimenez-Gonzalez, Nan Li, Joseph Wragg, Fabio M. D'Orazio, Dorde Relic, Mikhail Pachkov, Noelia Diaz, Benjamin Hernandez-Rodriguez, Zelin Chen, Marcus Stoiber, Michael Dong, Irene Stevens, Samuel E. Ross, Anne Eagle, Ryan Martin, Oluwapelumi Obasaju, Sepand Rastegar, Alison C. McGarvey, Wolfgang Kopp, Emily Chambers, Dennis Wang, Hyejeong R. Kim, Rafael D. Acemel, Silvia Naranjo, Maciej Lapinski, Vanessa Chong, Sinnakaruppan Mathavan, Bernard Peers, Tatjana Sauka-Spengler, Martin Vingron, Piero Carninci, Uwe Ohler, Scott Allen Lacadie, Shawn M. Burgess, Cecilia Winata, Freek van Eeden, Juan M. Vaquerizas, Jose Luis Gomez-Skarmeta, Daria Onichtchouk, Ben James Brown, Ozren Bogdanovic, Erik van Nimwegen, Monte Westerfield, Fiona C. Wardle, Carsten O. Daub, Boris Lenhard, Ferenc Muller
Summary: Zebrafish, an important model organism for studying embryonic development and human diseases, lacks a systematic functional annotation program. The international DANIO-CODE consortium addressed this issue by creating a central repository to store and process zebrafish developmental functional genomic data. They improved existing annotations and identified over 140,000 cis-regulatory elements throughout development. They also compared regulatory elements and epigenomic landscapes between zebrafish and mouse, predicting functional relationships between them. This study extends the utility of zebrafish developmental genomics to mammals.
Article
Law
Jodi L. Short
Summary: There is a broad consensus in the literature on regulatory enforcement and compliance that politics matters, but there is little convergence on the definition of politics and how it affects regulatory outcomes. Studies often overlook political variables or define and hypothesize them in a thin manner. Therefore, more sustained and systematic efforts are needed to understand the relationship between politics and regulatory outcomes in order to sharpen theoretical and empirical understandings of regulation effectiveness.
REGULATION & GOVERNANCE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Subhra P. Hui, Kotaro Sugimoto, Delicia Z. Sheng, Kazu Kikuchi
Summary: Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play an important role in the epimorphic regeneration of zebrafish caudal fin tissue by infiltrating into the progenitor cell population and upregulating the expression of specific genes to promote tissue repair and cell proliferation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Cencan Xing, Zehua Zeng, Yaqi Li, Bo Gong, Weimin Shen, Roshan Shah, Lu Yan, Hongwu Du, Anming Meng
Summary: Activation of nodal genes is critical for embryonic germ layer induction. This study revealed the activation mechanisms of nodal genes ndr1 and ndr2 and found that they are regulated by different cis-regulatory regions.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Aleksandra M. Mech, Munise Merteroglu, Ian M. Sealy, Muy-Teck Teh, Richard J. White, William Havelange, Caroline H. Brennan, Elisabeth M. Busch-Nentwich
Summary: Developmental consequences of prenatal drug exposure, including motor and cognitive impairments, cranial and cardiac anomalies, and increased prevalence of ADHD, place a socioeconomic burden worldwide. This study using zebrafish as a model identifies behavioral and cellular changes in response to developmental exposure to amphetamine, nicotine, and oxycodone, and reveals differential expression of genes and alterations in pathways related to cell death, immunity, and circadian rhythm regulation. Downregulation of immediate-early genes associated with synaptic plasticity and reduced expression in neuroanatomical regions implicated in reward processing and addiction are observed. These early changes in gene expression may contribute to the long-lasting deficits caused by prenatal exposure and have the potential to guide therapeutic intervention.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Ada Jimenez Gonzalez, Damir Baranasic, Ferenc Mueller
Summary: The zebrafish has become a popular disease model due to its advantages including fast development, easy genetic manipulation, simplicity for imaging, and conserved disease-associated genes and pathways with humans. Recent developments have focused on generating functional annotation maps for the zebrafish genome and translating these findings to human diseases. Community-driven efforts, such as DANIO-CODE, have played a role in generating a centralized and standardized catalog of zebrafish genomics data and functional annotations. It is important to develop standardized genomics protocols, bioinformatic pipelines, and analysis tools to integrate multiomic bulk sequencing data with emerging single-cell methods. This will contribute to building a comprehensive toolkit for investigating human disease mechanisms in zebrafish.
DISEASE MODELS & MECHANISMS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Miriam E. Hacker, Kasey M. Faust, Jessica Kaminsky, Sebastien Rauch
Summary: Forcible displacement has increased globally, leading to challenges in providing temporary accommodation for asylum-seekers in urban areas. The integration of humanitarian response and sustainable development activities is crucial to ensure infrastructure services are not disrupted. Regulatory exemptions and non-compliance highlight the difficulties in operationalizing the humanitarian-development nexus.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
(2021)
Article
Law
David P. Carter, Saba Siddiki
Summary: The study found that producers pursuing organic certification for profit are more likely to be influenced by deterrent fears, while those certified to support the organic movement prioritize a personal sense of duty to comply.
REGULATION & GOVERNANCE
(2021)
Article
Economics
Matthew Philip Makofske
Summary: Periodic inspections with unannounced timing are effective in enforcing environmental, health, and safety regulations by preventing firms from anticipating and complying selectively. Research findings suggest that when multiple food-service establishments in a facility are inspected during the same visit, the first establishment inspected tends to perform significantly worse compared to the ones inspected later.
JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC BEHAVIOR & ORGANIZATION
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Marine
Qikun Wei, Yan Liu, You Dong, Tianyun Li, Wei Li
Summary: International Marine Organization is advocating for stricter carbon emission reduction targets, which poses compliance risks for the maritime sector due to the influx of environmental regulations. To ensure regulatory compliance, stakeholders should consider decarbonization performance indicators in ship routing. This paper introduces a digital twin-enabled framework that provides real-time decarbonization regulatory compliance prognosis for ship routing, allowing for tracking of carbon intensity and identification of opportunities to reduce operational risks associated with decarbonization goals. The framework leverages real-time environmental and operational data to estimate vessel-specific compliance probability using an improved dynamic programming algorithm. It is versatile in dealing with various decarbonization regulations and provides routing decision support, as demonstrated by a case study of a container ship sailing across the South China Sea.