Factorial design of essential oil extraction from Fagraea fragrans Roxb. flowers and evaluation of its biological activities for perfumery and cosmetic applications

Synopsis ObjectiveTo optimize the extraction yields of essential oil from Fagraea fragrans Roxb. flowers in hydro-distillation using a central composite design (CCD) and to evaluate its biological activities for perfumery and cosmetic applications. MethodsCentral composite design was applied to study the influences of operational parameters [water to flower weight (X-1) and distillation time (X-2)] on the yields of essential oil (Y). Chemical compositions of the essential oil extracted from the optimized condition were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Antioxidant activities of the essential oil were determined against ABTS(center dot+) and DPPH center dot radicals, and the cytotoxic effects were assessed on human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cells by the use of the MTT assay. Also, the aromatic properties of the essential oil were evaluated by five healthy trained volunteers. ResultsThe best conditions to obtain the maximum essential oil yield were 7.5mLg(-1) (X-1) and 215min (X-2). The experimental yield of the essential oil (0.350.02% v/w) was close to the value predicted by a mathematical model (0.350.01% v/w). 3-Octadecyne, Z,Z,Z-7,10,13-hexadecatrienal, E-nerolidol, pentadecanal and linalool were the major constituents of the essential oil. The essential oil showed moderate antioxidant capacities with no toxic effects on HEK293 cells at 1-250gmL(-1). Also, the essential oil exhibited a very strong aroma and was classified to be top- to middle-notes. ConclusionThe results offer the effectively operational conditions in the extraction of essential oil from F.fragrans using hydro-distillation. The essential oil could be used as a natural fragrance, having antioxidant activity with slight cytotoxicity, for perfumery and cosmetic applications. Resume ObjectifOptimiser les rendements d'extraction d'huile essentielle des fleurs de Fagraea fragrans Roxb. par hydro-distillation en utilisant une conception composite centrale (CCD) et d'evaluer ses activites biologiques pour la parfumerie et les applications cosmetiques. MethodesLa CCD a ete appliquee pour etudier les influences des parametres operationnels [ratios ponderal eau/ fleurs (X1) et temps de distillation (X2)] sur les rendements d'huile essentielle (Y). Les compositions chimiques de l'huile essentielle extraite de l'etat optimise ont ete identifiees par chromatographie en phase gazeuse-spectrometrie de masse. Les activites anti-oxydantes de l'huile essentielle ont ete determinees contre les radicaux ABTS center dot + et DPPH center dot et les effets cytotoxiques ont ete evalues sur des cellules de rein embryonnaire humain (HEK293) par l'utilisation du dosage de MTT. En outre, les proprietes aromatiques de l'huile essentielle ont ete evaluees par cinq volontaires sains formes. ResultatsLes meilleures conditions pour obtenir le rendement maximum d'huile essentielle etaient 7,5mL g(-1) (X1) et 215 min (X2). Le rendement experimental de l'huile essentielle (0,35 +/- 0,02% v/w) etait proche de la valeur predite par un modele mathematique (0,35 +/- 0,01% v / w). 3-Octadecyne, Z, Z, Z-7,10,13-hexadecatrienal, E-nerolidol, pentadecanal, et le linalol sont les principaux constituants de l'huile essentielle. L'huile essentielle a montre les capacites anti-oxydantes moderees avec aucun effet toxique sur les cellules HEK293 entre 1-250 ug mL(-1). En outre, l'huile essentielle presentait un arome tres fort et a ete classe pour etre haut en notes moyennes. ConclusionLes resultats offrent les conditions effectivement operationnelles dans l'extraction de l'huile essentielle de F.fragrans utilisant l'hydro-distillation. L'huile essentielle pourrait etre utilisee comme un parfum naturel, ayant une activite anti-oxydante avec une legere cytotoxicite, pour les applications de parfumerie et cosmetiques.