Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Silvia Wuerstle, Alexander Hapfelmeier, Siranush Karapetyan, Fabian Studen, Andriana Isaakidou, Tillman Schneider, Roland M. Schmid, Stefan von Delius, Felix Gundling, Rainer Burgkart, Andreas Obermeier, Ulrich Mayr, Marc Ringelhan, Sebastian Rasch, Tobias Lahmer, Fabian Geisler, Paul E. Turner, Benjamin K. Chan, Christoph D. Spinner, Jochen Schneider
Summary: Ascitic fluid infection is a serious complication of liver cirrhosis, and it is crucial to distinguish between spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) and secondary peritonitis in these patients due to different treatment approaches. This study analyzed 532 SBP episodes and 37 secondary peritonitis episodes to identify key differentiation criteria. Microbiological characteristics, severity of illness, and clinicopathological parameters were identified as the most important predictors to distinguish between SBP and secondary peritonitis. A point-score model with ten discriminatory features was established, and two cut-off scores were defined to divide patients into low-risk and high-risk groups for secondary peritonitis based on a sensitivity of 95% to rule out or rule in SBP episodes. Overall, the discrimination between secondary peritonitis and SBP remains challenging, but the findings of this study may help clinicians with the crucial differentiation.
Article
Emergency Medicine
Brit Long, Michael Gottlieb
Summary: This paper evaluates the current evidence on the diagnosis and management of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) for emergency medicine clinicians. SBP is commonly caused by Gram-negative bacteria, but infections from Gram-positive bacteria and multidrug resistant bacteria are increasing. Paracentesis is the preferred diagnostic modality, and ultrasound should be used to optimize the procedure. An ascitic fluid absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥ 250 cells/mm3 is diagnostic of SBP. Treatment typically involves a third-generation cephalosporin, but certain patient populations may require broader spectrum antibiotics.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Lanlan Yang, Siqi Liu, Qian Zhang, Shengnan Jia, Chen Qiu, Zhenjing Jin
Summary: IL-35 regulates CD8(+) T cells in liver cirrhosis patients, suppressing their cytotoxicity and cytokine secretion.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biology
Valeria Maccauro, Carlo Airola, Francesco Santopaolo, Antonio Gasbarrini, Francesca Romana Ponziani, Maurizio Pompili
Summary: Liver cirrhosis is a chronic disease that often leads to complications such as variceal bleeding, hepatic encephalopathy, ascites, and jaundice, with increased mortality. Infections, particularly spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP), are common in cirrhotic patients due to impaired immunity and altered intestinal microbiota. SBP is primarily caused by Gram-negative bacteria translocating through the defective intestinal barrier. The first-line treatment is antibiotic therapy, but it may worsen dysbiosis. Future therapies aim to selectively modulate the gut microbiota or reduce intestinal permeability.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Amna Iqbal, Manesh Kumar Gangwani, Azizullah Beran, Dushyant Singh Dahiya, Amir Humza Sohail, Wade Lee-Smith, Muhammad Aziz, Mona Hassan
Summary: Our network meta-analysis reveals increased mortality and antibiotic resistance with nosocomial SBP. We recommend clearly identifying such patients to manage accordingly and developing guidelines geared towards nosocomial infections to be able to optimally steer resistance patterns and reduce mortality.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF THE MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biology
Adam Quincey, Subburaman Mohan, Bouchra Edderkaoui
Summary: This study investigates the response of chemokines to high glucose conditions in chondrocyte cells and analyzes their role in the catabolic effect of hyperglycemia. The results suggest that MCPs mediate the catabolic effect of high glucose in chondrocytes.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
H. Liu, Z. Song, Y. L. Zhang, H. Zhang
Summary: The study revealed a close correlation between small intestinal bacterial overgrowth and spontaneous peritonitis, liver function, and disease severity in PHBC patients. Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth varies with different severity of liver cirrhosis.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL REGULATORS AND HOMEOSTATIC AGENTS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marwin A. Farrugia, Maena Le Corvec, Christophe Renou, Jean-Baptiste J. Nousbaum, Dann J. Ouizeman, Olivier Sire, Olivier Loreal, Hugues Tariel, Jerome Bernard, Thierry Piche, Albert Tran, Hafid Ait-Oufella, Luce Landraud, Philippe Gual, Rodolphe Anty
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of a rapid and easy-to-use mid-infrared fiber evanescent wave spectroscopy (MIR-FEWS) method for ruling out spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP). The results showed that MIR-FEWS is a highly sensitive diagnostic method for ruling out SBP.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Roxana-Emanuela Popoiag, Andra-Iulia Suceveanu, Adrian-Paul Suceveanu, Sergiu Micu, Felix Voinea, Laura Mazilu, Lucian Petcu, Eugenia Panaitescu, Georgeta Cozaru, Carmen Fierbinteanu-Braticevici
Summary: This study aimed to analyze the risk factors for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) in patients with liver cirrhosis, with the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) being a predictive factor. Serum white blood cells, total platelet count, total bilirubin, and other factors were also observed to be associated with the occurrence of SBP.
EXPERIMENTAL AND THERAPEUTIC MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Shoushu Xiang, Juntao Tan, Chao Tan, Qian Xu, Yuanjiu Wen, Tiantian Wang, Chen Yang, Wenlong Zhao
Summary: This study identified independent risk factors for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) in patients with decompensated cirrhosis (DC), and used these factors to construct a diagnostic nomogram. The nomogram may provide clinical reference information for the diagnosis of SBP in patients with DC.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Chen Yuan, Lidan Sun, Ligong Chen, Haiyong Guo, Zuojun Yao, Yawen Wang, Weixia Zhu, Tanqing Li, Qinye Song, Huanrong Li
Summary: Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a re-emerging pathogen that causes severe economic loss in the pig industry. This study analyzed the expression and chemotactic effect of chemokines on key immune cells in PEDV infection using cDNA microarray and FACS analysis. The results suggest that chemokines play a role in immune cell migration during PEDV infection and provide a theoretical basis for studying the mechanism of anti-PEDV infection in piglets.
VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Letter
Immunology
Grace C. Wang, Miranda J. Wallace, Gayathri Krishnan, Patrick D. Olson, Abigail L. Carlson, Gautam Dantas, James M. Fleckenstein
Summary: Although Bordetella hinzii coccobacilli are commonly found in the respiratory tracts of birds and rodents, they have been occasionally isolated in human infections. This study describes a case of B. hinzii spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in Missouri, USA. Whole-genome sequencing of blood and peritoneal fluid isolates confirmed B. hinzii infection.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Nasser Mousa, Ahmed Abdel-Razik, Sherif Elbaz, Mohamed Salah, Mohammed Abdelaziz, Alaa Habib, Ahmed Deib, Abdel-Naser Gadallah, Niveen El-wakeel, Waleed Eldars, Narmin Effat, Ola El-Emam, Khaled Taha, Alaa Elmetwalli, Eman Mousa, Dina Elhammady
Summary: This study aimed to develop a readmission risk score for predicting 30-day hospital readmission in patients with liver cirrhosis and SBP. Age >= 60, MELD > 15, serum bilirubin > 1.5 mg/dL, creatinine > 1.2 mg/dL, INR > 1.4, albumin < 2.5 g/dL, platelets count <= 74 (10(3)/dL) were identified as independent predictors of 30-day readmission. The Mousa readmission score, incorporating these predictors, showed good discriminative power for predicting readmission.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Xin Zhang, Xiao-Xi Li, Jin-Wen Song, Xiao-Chang Zhang, Cheng Zhen, Jing-Feng Bi, Fu-Yu Lu, Su-Ming Chen, Dan Dan Huo, Peng Zhao, Da-Wei Zhang, Bo Tu, Chun-Mei Bao, Fu-Sheng Wang, Lei Huang
Summary: This study analyzed the microbial spectrum and antimicrobial resistance patterns in patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) and identified factors associated with in-hospital mortality. The results showed a high prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria in SBP patients, particularly extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing and Carbapenem-resistant bacteria. Extensively drug-resistant (XDR) bacteria, higher model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score, and neutrophil count were independent predictive factors of in-hospital mortality in SBP patients.
DIGESTIVE AND LIVER DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Arisa Hamahata, Seiya Mitsusada, Tomoyuki Iwata, Ken Nakajima, Yuki Ogawa, Akira Miyazaki, Marina Kobayashi, Yushi Fujiwara, Yu Asano, Kazuhisa Mabuchi, Miki Yoshida, Ayako Misawa
Summary: This case study discusses a 79-year-old male with alcoholic liver cirrhosis who died from multiple organ failure caused by SBP with Bcc. SBP caused by Bcc is rare and difficult to treat, often leading to serious outcomes, necessitating caution.
