Article
Clinical Neurology
Karen Kelley, Maggie Walgren, Hilary L. DeShong
Summary: This study found that anger rumination is the strongest predictor of both antisocial and borderline symptoms, while worry negatively predicts antisocial symptoms. Rumination and worry explain far more variance in borderline symptoms compared to antisocial symptoms.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Gulay Tasci, Suheda Kaya, Mehmet Kalayci, Murad Atmaca
Summary: This study compared the levels of acyl ghrelin (AG), des-acyl ghrelin (DAG), and leptin in patients with antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) and healthy controls. The results showed that AG and DAG levels were significantly higher in patients, while leptin levels were significantly lower. There was also a positive correlation between AG and DAG levels and impulsivity and aggression.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Jun Chu, Kaili Zheng, Jinyao Yi
Summary: Aggressive behaviors are prevalent in patients with Borderline Personality Disorder, with neuroimaging studies linking this aggression to alterations in various brain regions, especially in frontal-limbic areas. Studies have highlighted abnormalities in prefrontal cortices and limbic structures, with less focus on parietal and temporal regions. Connectivity studies have shown the importance of frontal-limbic interactions in regulating aggression, while conflicting findings may be due to disparities in controlling variables like gender, anatomical subdivisions, and comorbidities.
PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Tina Wu, Jennifer Hu, Dimitry Davydow, Heather Huang, Margaret Spottswood, Hsiang Huang
Summary: Borderline personality disorder is a common mental health diagnosis observed in the primary care population and is associated with various challenges in diagnosis and treatment. This article aims to describe the impact of BPD in primary care, review current knowledge, and provide evidence-based treatment approaches for these patients.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Criminology & Penology
Jaime L. Anderson, Danielle Burchett, David M. Glassmire, Dustin B. Wygant, Jan H. Kamphuis, Wineke Smid, Martin Sellbom
Summary: The study examined the differentiation of borderline and antisocial personality disorders in forensic settings, finding that internalizing psychopathology and to a lesser extent interpersonal and thought dysfunction helped differentiate between the two disorders. However, inconsistencies were observed across different samples. Externalizing psychopathology did not differentiate ASPD in this study. Diagnostic clarity may be difficult in forensic settings, but the MMPI-2-RF could enhance diagnostic differentiation.
PSYCHOLOGY CRIME & LAW
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
J. Lumikukka Socada, John J. Soderholm, Tom Rosenstrom, Jesper Ekelund, Erkki Isometsa
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence, severity, co-occurrence, and overlap of manic symptoms and borderline personality features in unipolar and bipolar major depressive episodes. The results showed that the presence of mixed and borderline features in MDEs is common, with differences in diagnosis-specific features among different subcohorts. The study highlighted the impact of hypomania on perceived BPD features and the correlation between manic symptoms and borderline features.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Ignazio S. Piras, Giulia Braccagni, Matthew J. Huentelman, Marco Bortolato
Summary: This study is the first to use RNA sequencing to examine the molecular mechanisms underlying antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) and conduct disorder (CD). The results suggest that these disorders are associated with alterations in the orbitofrontal cortex, including downregulation of excitatory neuron transcripts and upregulation of astrocyte transcripts, as well as modifications in synaptic regulation and glutamatergic neurotransmission pathways.
CNS NEUROSCIENCE & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Psychology, Clinical
Jean-Paul Selten
Summary: This paper examines the validity of the hubris syndrome, including clinical description, laboratory study, and excluding other disorders. The research suggests that the hubris syndrome may be a non-organic personality change that occurs after individuals gain substantial power or achieve overwhelming success.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Sylvia Martin, Jonathan Del -Monte
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between Metacognition, Insight, Impulsivity, and Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) in 190 BPD patients. The results showed significant associations between BPD and both Insight and Metacognition. Metacognition was found to be significantly correlated with certain dimensions of Impulsivity, while Insight was correlated with most of them. Regression analysis revealed a significant relationship between Insight, Metacognition, Impulsivity, and Borderline traits. Mediation analysis proved the indirect effect of Metacognition/Insight on Borderline traits through Impulsivity. This study highlights the importance of Metacognition and Insight in understanding and treating BPD, despite limitations in gender representation and possible comorbidity issues.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Maurizio Sicorello, Christian Schmahl
Summary: Borderline personality disorder is characterized by a dysfunction in the experience and regulation of emotions, potentially due to an imbalance between prefrontal regulatory and limbic emotion generating structures. However, challenges exist in the notion that amygdala hyperreactivity leads to emotional hyperreactivity and deficits in prefrontal activity or fronto-limbic connectivity contribute to emotion regulation deficits. Suggestions for improving consolidation and interpretation of research in this area are provided.
CURRENT OPINION IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
M. Mitolo, F. D'Adda, S. Evangelisti, L. Pellegrini, L. L. Gramegna, C. Bianchini, L. Talozzi, D. N. Manners, C. Testa, D. Berardi, R. Lodi, M. Menchetti, C. Tonon
Summary: Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is characterized by deficits in emotion regulation, interpersonal dysfunctions, dissociation and impulsivity. This study aims to explore the contribution of amygdala and insula to BPD symptoms through functional and structural alterations, highlighting their role in neuropsychiatric symptoms such as difficulty in emotion regulation, depression, anger, and depressive rumination.
EUROPEAN ARCHIVES OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Joana Henriques-Calado, Bruno Goncalves, Catarina Marques, Marco Paulino, Joao Gama Marques, Jaime Gracio, Rute Pires
Summary: This study aims to identify the best set of predictors to differentiate between borderline personality disorder and bipolar spectrum disorders. The results indicate that the major common discriminants of borderline PD across the bipolar spectrum are unusual beliefs & experiences, paranoid ideation, obsession-compulsion and extraversion. Depressivity and impulsivity traits display the greatest predictive value in the differential diagnosis.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Mark Zimmerman, Caroline Balling, Iwona Chelminski, Kristy Dalrymple
Summary: Patients with both bipolar disorder and BPD exhibit more severe psychosocial morbidity compared to those with only one of these disorders.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eva Rufenacht, Eleonore Pham, Rosetta Nicastro, Karen Dieben, Roland Hasler, Sebastien Weibel, Nader Perroud
Summary: Childhood maltreatment has a significant impact on emotion dysregulation, with emotional abuse showing the strongest effect. Anxious attachment style may mediate the relationship between childhood maltreatment and non-adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies and emotion reactivity.
Review
Psychiatry
Anna Masso Rodriguez, Bridget Hogg, Itxaso Gardoki-Souto, Alicia Valiente-Gomez, Amira Trabsa, Dolores Mosquera, Aitana Garcia-Estela, Francesc Colom, Victor Perez, Frank Padberg, Ana Moreno-Alcazar, Benedikt Lorenz Amann
Summary: Bipolar Disorder (BD) and Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) have both overlapping features and distinct differences in terms of clinical presentation, neuropsychological performance, and neuroimaging findings. BD is characterized by mixed or manic symptoms, while BPD is associated with negative attitudes, conflictive relationships, and maladaptive regulation strategies in affective instability. Both disorders share commonalities in depressive and anxious symptoms, as well as deficits in neuropsychological and neuroimaging findings.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Antonia Vehlen, William Standard, Gregor Domes
Summary: The impact of accuracy and areas of interest (AOIs) size on the classification of eye tracking data was evaluated in this study. The results showed that accuracy and AOI size had strong effects on gaze classification, and these effects were related to both false alarms and misses.
Article
Rehabilitation
Wolfgang Rachold, Olaf Reis, Christoph Berger, Johannes Buchmann
Summary: This study compared the therapeutic effects of manual therapy, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, and forearm brace use, as well as the combination of all three, for patients with epicondylopathia humeri radialis. The findings showed that manual therapy alone was as effective as the combination of transcutaneous nerve stimulation and forearm brace use.
PHYSIKALISCHE MEDIZIN REHABILITATIONSMEDIZIN KURORTMEDIZIN
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Andrea B. Schote, Katharina Dietrich, Adrian E. Linden, Inga Dzionsko, Laura De Los Angeles Molano Moreno, Ulrike Winnikes, Patrick Zimmer, Gregor Domes, Jobst Meyer
Summary: This study found that patients with hyperhidrosis showed significantly higher sweat secretion under stress, but did not differ from healthy individuals in terms of endocrine or subjective stress markers.
Article
Psychiatry
Bernadette von Dawans, Amalie Trueg, Marisol Voncken, Isabel Dziobek, Clemens Kirschbaum, Gregor Domes, Markus Heinrichs
Summary: This study demonstrates that empathic abilities, both emotional and cognitive empathy, can mitigate the negative effects of acute stress on social behavior in individuals with social anxiety disorder (SAD) but not in healthy controls. These findings highlight the importance of empathic abilities in stressful situations for SAD patients and suggest the need for multimodal clinical diagnostics.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Christoph F. Geissler, Maximilian A. Friehs, Christian Frings, Gregor Domes
Summary: Laboratory procedures such as the Trier Social Stress Test or the (Socially Evaluated) Cold Pressor Test have been used to investigate the effect of acute stress on working memory performance. The literature suggests that acute stress affects working memory in a time-dependent manner due to the different time scales of stress-reactive hormones. Immediate release of noradrenaline decreases working memory performance within the first 10 minutes, while rapid cortisol effects impair working memory starting from about 25 minutes post stress. Future research directions could explore the implications of these insights using combined pharmacological and naturalistic stressor interventions.
PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Georg Halbeisen, Gregor Domes, Eva Walther
Summary: This study used virtual reality technology to investigate the impact of ethnic background on stress reactions and found that endocrine stress reactions are independent of interviewer ethnicity and cannot be predicted based on implicit bias, explicit prejudice, or appearance concerns.
PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Antonia Vehlen, Antonia Kellner, Claus Normann, Markus Heinrichs, Gregor Domes
Summary: Chronic depression disorders (CDD) are characterized by impaired social cognitive functioning. Visual attention during social perception is altered in CDD and is sensitive to intranasal treatment with oxytocin (OT). This study investigated gaze preferences during a facial emotion recognition task in CDD patients and the effect of intranasal OT. While CDD patients were not more impaired in emotion recognition and there was no OT effect, they demonstrated less attention to the eye region compared to healthy controls. This bias was reduced after OT treatment, suggesting the potential of OT to augment psychotherapy.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lisa Haase, Antonia Vehlen, Julia Strojny, Gregor Domes
Summary: This study found no significant changes in the cortisol awakening response (CAR) over the menstrual cycle, and no significant association with variations in estradiol and progesterone. These results suggest that CAR is largely robust against hormonal variations across the menstrual cycle.
PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Biology
Stephan Nebe, Mario Reutter, Daniel H. Baker, Jens Boelte, Gregor Domes, Matthias Gamer, Anne Gaertner, Carsten Giessing, Caroline Gurr, Kirsten Hilger, Philippe Jawinski, Louisa Kulke, Alexander Lischke, Sebastian Markett, Maria Meier, Christian J. Merz, Tzvetan Popov, Lara M. C. Puhlmann, Daniel S. Quintana, Tim Schaefer, Anna-Lena Schubert, Matthias F. J. Sperl, Antonia Vehlen, Tina B. Lonsdorf, Gordon B. Feld
Summary: Human neuroscience has been pushing the boundaries of measurability. Concerns about statistical power and replicability have fueled a debate, with one important insight being the need for larger samples or increased measurement precision. This review advocates for a more systematic approach to precision and discusses how it can increase reproducibility in human neuroscience.
Article
Psychiatry
Johannes Bodo Heekerens, Lars Schulze, Juliane Enge, Babette Renneberg, Stefan Roepke
Summary: This study examined the temporal relations between negative affective arousal states and current self-esteem in daily life among individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD), depressive disorders (DD), and non-clinical controls (NCC). The results showed that higher negative affective arousal states were followed by lower current self-esteem in the BPD group, while there was no significant relationship between self-esteem and subsequent negative affective arousal.
BORDERLINE PERSONALITY DISORDER AND EMOTION DYSREGULATION
(2023)
Review
Psychology, Clinical
Sinha Engel, Sebastian Laufer, Hannah Klusmann, Lars Schulze, Sarah Schumacher, Christine Knaevelsrud
Summary: This study reviewed experimental studies on the cortisol response to traumatic stimuli and the correlation between cortisol and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. The results showed that experimental paradigms were able to effectively induce a cortisol response. Higher basal cortisol levels, higher cortisol levels measured after traumatic stimulus presentation, and a lower cortisol response were associated with more adaptive emotional reactions. However, these markers did not predict longer-term PTSD symptoms.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOTRAUMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Sophia Antonia Press, Stefanie C. Biehl, Gregor Domes, Jennifer Svaldi
Summary: Previous studies have shown that individuals with eating disorders have a bias towards negatively valenced body parts of their own body. However, the neural basis of these processes has not been investigated. In this combined fMRI/eye tracking study, women with binge eating disorder (BED) showed higher activity in the insula and amygdala when viewing negatively valenced body parts of their own body compared to other combinations. These results highlight the strong emotional valence associated with negative body parts in individuals with BED.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND CLINICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Bernhard Pastoetter, Bernadette von Dawans, Gregor Domes, Christian Frings
Summary: The forward testing effect refers to improved memory for newer information when previously studied information is tested. This study investigated whether the forward testing effect is robust to retrieval stress induced after encoding. Results showed that retrieval stress had a detrimental effect on recall, but did not affect the forward testing effect. The findings contribute to current theories of the forward testing effect.
EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Sophia Antonia Press, Stefanie C. Biehl, C. Carolyn Vatheuer, Gregor Domes, Jennifer Svaldi
Summary: This study is the first to investigate the neural correlates of body image disturbances in binge eating disorder (BED). The results show that compared to a healthy control group, women with BED respond to body images with increased activity in a brain area that plays a central role in the visual processing of body stimuli.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND CLINICAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Psychology, Clinical
B. von Dawans, C. Vatheuer, A. Vehlen, G. Domes
ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PSYCHOSOMATISCHE MEDIZIN UND PSYCHOTHERAPIE
(2022)
