Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Yan Cheng, Thierry Lonhienne, Mario D. Garcia, Craig M. Williams, Gerard Schenk, Luke W. Guddat
Summary: Amidosulfuron (AS), a commercial sulfonylurea herbicide, effectively targets dicot broadleaf weeds by inhibiting acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS) in the plants. The crystal structure analysis shows that AS lacks a second aromatic ring compared to other AHAS-inhibiting herbicides, but still exhibits potent herbicidal activity through accumulative inhibition. This study highlights the importance of accumulative inhibition in designing effective herbicides targeting plant AHAS.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Ramon G. Leon, Diane C. Bassham
Summary: Weed control has been heavily reliant on organic and inorganic molecules that target enzymes for almost a century. However, this approach has led to herbicide resistance. The development of new control tools in agriculture has been limited, with most efforts focused on developing transgenic crops with resistance to existing herbicides. The proteolysis-targeting chimera (PROTAC) technology, originally designed for treating human diseases, has potential applications in weed control by degrading various proteins and expanding the number of biochemical targets.
PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Horticulture
Emma Volk, Katie Jennings, Steven F. Fennimore, Mark Hoffmann
Summary: Combining AITC with steam did not improve weed and pathogen control, but AITC alone showed potential as an alternative soil disinfectant for strawberry production.
Article
Agronomy
Daqi Zhang, Lirui Ren, Wenjing Li, Qing Wang, Shenyan Liu, Xi Jin, Wensheng Fang, Dongdong Yan, Yuan Li, Qiuxia Wang, Qingli Han, Lin He, Aocheng Cao
Summary: This research investigated the degradation rate of Dazomet (DZ) with different particle sizes and its relationship to phytotoxicity. The results showed that larger particle sizes of DZ had slower degradation rates and different particle sizes also affected the soil's chemical properties and bioclimate. It is recommended to use DZ with particle sizes ranging from 100 to 300 μm, fumigate at around 25 degrees C, and ensure about 30% soil water content after fumigation.
Article
Agronomy
Jialin Yu, Shaun M. Sharpe, Nathan S. Boyd
Summary: DMDS + metam potassium proved to be the most effective fumigant for controlling purple nutsedge in tomato production. Unexpectedly, a sorghum cover crop during fallow periods was less effective than chemical fallow for managing purple nutsedge, leading to the conclusion that sorghum cover crops are not recommended for weed management in fields where purple nutsedge is the major weed species.
PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Horticulture
Donato Castronuovo, Vincenzo De Feo, Laura De Martino, Loriana Cardone, Rita Sica, Lucia Caputo, Giuseppe Amato, Vincenzo Candido
Summary: Soil fumigation is an effective method for controlling soilborne pests, but it has limited use due to its non-selectivity and environmental problems. This study evaluates the effects of soil solarization on organic pumpkin yield and antioxidant levels. The results show that solarization increases antioxidant activity and improves yield.
Article
Plant Sciences
Massimo Terzi, Emanuele Barca, Eugenio Cazzato, Francesco Saverio D'Amico, Cesare Lasorella, Mariano Fracchiolla
Summary: Based on a study of the effects of different weed control methods in olive groves, it was found that chemical herbicides led to impoverished plant communities, while mowing and tillage methods had similar effects. Unlike other studies, this research did not identify plant species of particular concern for biodiversity conservation.
Article
Agronomy
Marta Munoz, Natalia Torres-Pagan, Amira Jouini, Fabrizio Araniti, Adela M. Sanchez-Moreiras, Mercedes Verdeguer
Summary: Pelargonic acid (PA) was evaluated as a post-emergence herbicide in Mediterranean vineyards for weed control. The study found that PA showed effective control against dicotyledonous weeds, with lower efficacy against monocotyledonous weeds. PA achieved similar herbicidal effects at lower concentrations and doses compared to market references.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
S. Otto, R. Masin, N. Nikolic, A. Berti, G. Zanin
Summary: Crop rotation length and fertilization have little effect on weed community evolution, with 98% of weed species being indifferent to these factors. The dominance of certain weeds is a result of inadequate management, particularly for late emergence and post-harvest weeds.
AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Nicholas LeBlanc
Summary: The incorporation of plant biomass as green manures into soil can improve crop and soil health by reducing soilborne diseases. This study found that different types of green manures had diverse effects on the taxonomic composition and functional traits of soil bacterial communities. These changes may have implications for the beneficial effects of green manures on plant and soil health.
Article
Agronomy
Jordan M. Craft, Navdeep Godara, John R. Brewer, Shawn D. Askew
Summary: In the transition zone, the use of herbicides during the dormancy period of warm-season turfgrass is a common strategy for managing winter annual weeds in bermudagrass. However, it has been less adopted in zoysiagrass due to the potential for turfgrass injury during the post-dormancy transition. Previous research has shown that air temperature can impact the effectiveness of weed control and the safety of herbicides. This study examined the response of zoysiagrass to glyphosate and glufosinate under different temperature regimes. The results revealed that glufosinate caused more injury to zoysiagrass and had a greater impact on green cover reduction compared to glyphosate, regardless of the temperature.
Article
Agronomy
Taslima Zahan, Md Faruque Hossain, Apurba K. Chowdhury, Md Omar Ali, Md Akkas Ali, Eldessoky S. Dessoky, Mohamed M. Hassan, Sagar Maitra, Akbar Hossain
Summary: Conservation agriculture practices are popular in smallholder farming systems due to their benefits to soil quality and reduced cultivation costs. However, weeds are a major challenge to achieving desired crop yield. Through field studies, researchers aim to find effective ways to manage weeds in these systems.
Article
Agronomy
Daniel Hahn, Alejandro Morales, Ciro Velasco-Cruz, Bernd Leinauer
Summary: Regulatory restrictions on herbicide use have led to the search for alternative control strategies, with fescue species identified for their potential to interfere with weed growth. Among the tested cultivars, Musica and Barpearl were least affected by weed growth over two years, but showed overlap with other cultivars in measured parameters. Future research should focus on different subspecies of fescue and their mechanisms for interfering with weed growth.
Article
Agronomy
Zahid Hussain, Luqman, Saima Hashim, Khawar Jabran
Summary: The combination of deep tillage and herbicide isoproturon + carfentrazone is the most effective method for weed management in wheat at higher altitudes, leading to decreased weed population density and biomass, and increased number of spikes, TGW, and grain yield.
Article
Agronomy
David P. Westbury, Patrick E. McCullough, J. Scott McElroy, Claudia A. Rutland, Jinesh Patel
Summary: Acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors provide postemergence control of green kyllinga (Kyllinga brevifolia Rottb.) in turfgrass and other cropping systems. A suspected resistant (R) biotype of K. brevifolia was collected from a golf course and evaluated for resistance to ALS inhibitors. It was found that the resistant biotype showed resistance to multiple ALS inhibitors.