Review
Horticulture
Chenyin Peng, Yu Wu, Fenghou Shi, Yongbao Shen
Summary: Certain substances called germination inhibitors can inhibit the germination of seeds. They can be classified as germination destructors or germination retarders, with the former causing harm to the seed and the latter being closely related to seed dormancy. These inhibitors have important applications in seed preservation and herbicide use.
Article
Horticulture
Javier Sanchez, Francisco Albornoz, Samuel Contreras
Summary: This study investigated the effect of nitrogen fertilization on tomato seed yield and quality. The results showed that increasing nitrogen fertilization led to a decrease in seed weight, but had no effect on standard germination and mean germination time. The germination percentage and rate decreased when seeds were immersed in solutions with reduced osmotic potential, but this effect was less pronounced in seeds from the high nitrogen treatment. Additionally, seeds from the high nitrogen treatment exhibited greater longevity when evaluated after accelerated aging.
Article
Forestry
Shiferaw Alem Munie, Hana Habrova, Katerina Houskova, Lukas Karas
Summary: This study focused on breaking the seed dormancy of Dracaena steudneri Schweinf. Ex Engl. seeds using different presowing treatments. However, the results showed that the treatments did not improve the germination rates of the seeds. More research on the seed ecophysiology of this species is recommended.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ahlam Khalofah
Summary: This study demonstrates that mechanical scarification is effective in improving seed germination of Juniper seeds, with significant improvements observed in seedling traits when utilizing 5 Mm potassium nitrate.
JOURNAL OF KING SAUD UNIVERSITY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
V Thusithana, R. W. K. Amarasekara, K. M. G. Gehan Jayasuriya, N. S. Gama-Arachchige, C. C. Baskin, J. M. Baskin
Summary: Seed quality and moisture content affect the germination of Cardiospermum halicacabum seeds, with seeds with water-impermeable seed coats showing different responses in different climatic zones. Seeds from DZ and WZ1 showed higher imbibition rates compared to WZ2 seeds, indicating that scarified seeds are more likely to germinate.
Article
Agronomy
Stefano Benvenuti, Marco Mazzoncini
Summary: The ability of weed seeds to survive and emerge from different soil textures and burial depths is influenced by factors such as soil texture, seed weight, and the maximum hypocotyl elongation. The inhibitory effects on seed emergence are found to be more pronounced in clay soil compared to sandy soil. Evaluating the performance of buried seed banks in different soil textures can help improve the forecast models of emergence dynamics and lead to more rational and sustainable weed management practices.
Article
Horticulture
Xiaoyi Ma, Chengzhong Wang, Zehua Xiao, Ji Yang, Yonghong Hu, Yuguo Wang, Wenju Zhang, Linfeng Li, Zhiping Song
Summary: The germination of Paeonia ostii seeds is dependent on a warm-cold-warm temperature sequence, with warm stratification breaking physiological dormancy of the embryo and cold stratification breaking dormancy of the epicotyl. The results indicate that P. ostii seeds have morphophysiological dormancy.
SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE
(2023)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Matthew A. Ott, Gary Gardner, Krishan M. Rai, Donald L. Wyse, M. David Marks, Ratan Chopra
Summary: Efforts are being made to domesticate the winter annual oilseed cover crop, pennycress, to address global food security and ecosystem challenges. Key alleles have been introgressed, but seed dormancy remains a weedy trait. Experiments have shown that introducing mutations in the TRANSPARENT TESTA 2 gene can potentially overcome seed dormancy issues, making pennycress more attractive for growers. Further research is needed to understand the transparent testa mutants' response to abiotic stress conditions.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Ali Soltani, Katelynn A. Walter, Andrew T. Wiersma, James P. Santiago, Michelle Quiqley, Daniel Chitwood, Timothy G. Porch, Phillip Miklas, Phillip E. McClean, Juan M. Osorno, David B. Lowry
Summary: This study identified the physiological mechanism of physical seed dormancy in common bean and identified a candidate allele causing variation in this trait. The results suggest that a 5-bp insertion in an ortholog of pectin acetylesterase 8 is likely a major causative mutation underlying the loss of seed dormancy during domestication. Confirmation through transgenic approaches may be necessary to further validate these findings.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Katarzyna Ciacka, Pawel Staszek, Katarzyna Sobczynska, Urszula Krasuska, Agnieszka Gniazdowska
Summary: This review summarizes the current knowledge on the role of nitric oxide (NO) in seeds. It influences seed physiology at different developmental stages and plays a key beneficial role.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biology
Hayat El-Maarouf-Bouteau
Summary: Seeds play a crucial role in agriculture and plant diversity maintenance as they are the reproductive units of higher plants. They are able to remain viable for centuries due to their dehydrated state, well-organized structure, and cellular organization. Through metabolic regulation and the presence of sophisticated molecules, seeds can protect their valuable components and successfully undergo repair processes, ensuring successful germination and seed longevity.
Article
Biology
Jia Liu, Tingting Xue, Liying Ren, Mingxia Cui, Tao Jiang, Xutao Yang
Summary: This study confirmed through experiments that the endocarp of pecan seeds causes mechanical rather than chemical dormancy, and the endocarp has a certain inhibitory effect on the elongation of the radicle, but it is not a direct physical restriction on the radicle.
OPEN LIFE SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Anne-Sophie Lachabrouilli, Kareine Rigal, Francoise Corbineau, Christophe Bailly
Summary: The study reveals that the dormancy of sunflower seeds at harvest is affected by embryo dormancy and pericarp, with polishing significantly improving germination rates. Agro-climatic conditions play a role in dormancy depth, and longer developmental cycles lead to lower dormancy levels.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF AGRONOMY
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Keyvan Maleki, Carol C. Baskin, Jerry M. Baskin, Mohadeseh Kiani, Iraj Alahdadi, Elias Soltani
Summary: Germination timing is crucial for plant survival and niche breadth. A modeling approach was used to compare the germination thermal niche of nine populations of N. sativa. Results showed that afterripening increased germination percentage, synchrony, and thermal niche breadth.
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Tran-Nguyen Nguyen, Pham Anh Tuan, Belay T. Ayele
Summary: This study reveals the regulatory role of jasmonate in seed dormancy release and germination in wheat seeds, and demonstrates that it induces dormancy release by modulating the ABA/GA balance. Additionally, the study shows that jasmonate enhances gibberellin sensitivity and reduces abscisic acid level and sensitivity to induce seed germination.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Maxwel C. Oliveira, Darci A. Giacomini, Nikola Arsenijevic, Gustavo Vieira, Patrick J. Tranel, Rodrigo Werle
Summary: The study confirmed and validated glyphosate and PPO-inhibitor resistance mechanisms in Palmer amaranth from southwestern Nebraska, with EPSPS gene amplification being the main mechanism for glyphosate resistance. There was poor association between genotypic and phenotypic responses for PPO-inhibitor resistance. Results also suggest that herbicide resistance evolution in Palmer amaranth is influenced by factors such as EPSPS gene amplification, county, and cropping systems.
Review
Agronomy
Patrick J. Tranel
Summary: Amaranthus tuberculatus, a major weed species in row-crop production fields in the midwestern US, has evolved resistance to multiple herbicides through both target-site and non-target-site mechanisms. Understanding the genetics and molecular details of these resistance mechanisms, as well as their evolution, is crucial for developing effective resistance-mitigation strategies. The unprecedented level of herbicide resistance in A. tuberculatus poses a serious and growing threat to the sustainability of cropping systems in the midwestern US.
PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Jacob S. Montgomery, Darci A. Giacomini, Patrick J. Tranel
Summary: The study found widespread target-site resistance in common waterhemp, but a rarer occurrence in Palmer amaranth. Additionally, resistance mechanisms in Palmer amaranth appear to be more diverse compared to those found in common waterhemp.
Article
Plant Sciences
Jacob S. Montgomery, Darci A. Giacomini, Detlef Weigel, Patrick J. Tranel
Summary: Amaranthus tuberculatus and Amaranthus palmeri are agronomically important weed species with stable dioecious reproductive systems. Previous research has identified male-specific genomic sequences and regions believed to contain sex-determining genes in both species. Comparative analysis revealed lack of synteny between the candidate male-specific Y regions of the two species, but they shared two predicted genes. Future research will aim to explore whether sex determination is controlled via similar physiological pathways and whether dioecy evolved independently in these species, with a focus on candidate genes for sex determination.
Article
Agronomy
Lucas K. Bobadilla, Darci A. Giacomini, Aaron G. Hager, Patrick J. Tranel
Summary: Waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus) is a problematic agronomic weed in the midwestern United States. A resistant population, CHR, was identified and confirmed to have resistance to multiple herbicides, including dicamba. The resistance level in CHR was found to be 5-10 times higher compared to a sensitive parental line, and the inheritance of dicamba resistance was determined to be incomplete dominant with moderate heritability.
Article
Agronomy
Jose J. Nunes, Damilola A. Raiyemo, Nicholas J. Arneson, Alexandre T. Rosa, Patrick J. Tranel, Rodrigo Werle
Summary: Due to a lack of effective herbicide options, sweet corn producers often rely on nicosulfuron as the main post-emergence grass herbicide. However, this study found that fall panicum has developed resistance to nicosulfuron and identified the resistance mechanism. Additionally, the study discovered alternative herbicides that can effectively control the resistant fall panicum.
Article
Biology
Julia M. Kreiner, George Sandler, Aaron J. Stern, Patrick J. Tranel, Detlef Weigel, John R. Stinchcombe, Stephen Wright
Summary: This study investigates the evolutionary history of herbicide resistance in agricultural fields using genomic data from common waterhemp populations. The researchers find that resistance alleles show strong parallelism in their mutational origins and are influenced by gene flow in their distribution. The age and selection dynamics of resistant lineages vary, indicating heterogeneity in the forces that govern their persistence, including intra- and inter-locus allelic interactions.
Article
Agronomy
Aimone Porri, Michael Betz, Kathryn Seebruck, Michael Knapp, Philipp Johnen, Matthias Witschel, Raphael Aponte, Rex Liebl, Patrick J. Tranel, Jens Lerchl
Summary: In this study, the efficacy of a new triazinone-type inhibitor, trifludimoxazin, in inhibiting PPO2 enzymes carrying target site mutations was assessed. The results strongly suggest that trifludimoxazin is a potent PPO-inhibiting herbicide. This study is of significant importance for the design of new herbicides to control resistant weeds.
PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Charles W. Cahoon, David L. Jordan, Patrick J. Tranel, Alan C. York, Chance Riggins, Richard Seagroves, Matthew Inman, Wesley Everman, Ramon Leon
Summary: Comparing the fitness of herbicide-resistant and herbicide-susceptible weed biotypes is crucial for managing herbicide resistance. Previous research has shown that there is little to no fitness penalty from amplification of the EPSPS gene (a mechanism of glyphosate resistance) in Palmer amaranth. However, in the absence of glyphosate, Palmer amaranth plants with EPSPS amplification are relatively less fit, but this reduced fitness does not result in differences in interference with cotton.
Article
Biology
Damilola A. Raiyemo, Lucas K. Bobadilla, Patrick J. Tranel
Summary: This study sequenced and analyzed the genomes of seven dioecious Amaranthus species, revealing their phylogenetic relationships and identifying genes involved in sex function. Coverage analysis identified candidate genes within the male-specific regions of A. palmeri and A. tuberculatus.
Review
Agronomy
Abigail L. Barker, John Pawlak, Stephen O. Duke, Roland Beffa, Patrick J. Tranel, Joe Wuerffel, Bryan Young, Aimone Porri, Rex Liebl, Raphael Aponte, Douglas Findley, Michael Betz, Jens Lerchl, Stanley Culpepper, Kevin Bradley, Franck E. Dayan
Summary: This article reviews the importance and current state of PPO-inhibiting herbicides, which have been used for 60 years since their first introduction. Recent increased interest in PPO-inhibiting herbicides, due to their increased use and cases of resistance, has led to a better understanding of the mechanism of action of PPO inhibitors. The article discusses the importance of the two isoforms of PPO in plants, current knowledge of target-site resistance mechanisms, non-target site resistance cases, and crop selectivity mechanisms. It emphasizes the need for consistent and reproducible greenhouse screening and target-site mutation assays to effectively study and compare PPO-inhibitor resistance cases.
Article
Plant Sciences
Lucas K. Bobadilla, Yousoon Baek, Patrick J. Tranel
Summary: This study identifies differential gene expression patterns between males and females in waterhemp and Palmer amaranth. It discovers potential key genes involved in sex determination and supports the hypothesis of two different evolutionary events for dioecy in the genus.
Review
Agronomy
Lucas K. Bobadilla, Patrick J. Tranel
Summary: The emergence of herbicide-resistant weeds is a significant threat to modern agriculture. This review discusses challenges of predicting herbicide cross resistance and highlights advancements in genomics and structural biology techniques that could be used to improve such prediction.
PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Damilola A. A. Raiyemo, Patrick J. J. Tranel
Summary: This study investigated the phylogenetic relationships among dioecious amaranths and found incongruence in plastid gene tree. The results provide valuable resources and a framework for further evolutionary analyses of the Amaranthus genus.
BMC ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Ana Saballos, Alvaro Soler-Garzon, Matthew Brooks, John Patrick Hart, Alexander Edward Lipka, Philip Miklas, Ronald Edward Peachey, Patrick J. Tranel, Martin M. Williams II
Summary: Effective weed management tools are crucial for maintaining profitable snap bean production against waterhemp. Few preemergence herbicides registered in snap bean have poor control of waterhemp. Sulfentrazone, a PPO-inhibiting herbicide, provides significant control of waterhemp, but crop tolerance to the herbicide is poorly known. A genome-wide association mapping study identified several genomic regions associated with snap bean tolerance to sulfentrazone, indicating a likely non-target site resistance. The study also found that seed size partially influences the tolerance, and several cytochrome P450 and ABC transporter genes were localized in associated genomic regions, providing insights into herbicide metabolism and potential improvements in snap bean.
FRONTIERS IN AGRONOMY
(2022)