Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Carmen C. Mayorga-Martinez, Jaroslav Zelenka, Jan Grmela, Hana Michalkova, Tomas Ruml, Jan Mares, Martin Pumera
Summary: Researchers have developed high-speed Aqua Sperm micromotors from North African catfish to destroy bacterial biofilms by using water-induced dynein ATPase catalyzed adenosine triphosphate (ATP) degradation as biocompatible fuel. These micromotors with ultra-fast velocity and head size similar to bacteria efficiently navigate within biofilm matrix, demonstrating real-world applications in destroying biofilms on medical and laboratory tubing. This innovative system extends the biomedical application of Aqua Sperm micromotors to include hybrid robots for fertilization or cargo tasks.
Article
Microbiology
Olga V. Karnachuk, Inna A. Panova, Vasilii L. Panov, Olga P. Ikkert, Vitaly V. Kadnikov, Igor I. Rusanov, Marat R. Avakyan, Lubov B. Glukhova, Anastasia P. Lukina, Anatolii V. Rakitin, Shahjahon Begmatov, Alexey V. Beletsky, Nikolai V. Pimenov, Nikolai V. Ravin
Summary: This study aims to investigate the diversity and activity of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) in the camel gut. It reveals the presence of an abundant SRB community in the feces of Bactrian camels through 16S rRNA gene profiling, SRR measurement, and targeted cultivation. The findings shed light on the activity of SRB in the camel gut.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yan Zhang, Chi-Yuen Wang, Li-Yun Fu, Qiu-Ye Yang
Summary: By inverting groundwater responses in the North China Platform, it was found that deep confined aquifers are not depth-dependent and may become leaky after distant earthquakes. Monitoring of aquifer confinement is crucial to ensure the safety of wastewater injection into targeted deep aquifers.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Water Resources
Tomas Perina
Summary: This study simulates the groundwater drawdown distribution in different types of aquifers using recirculation wells. The results show that the drawdown distribution varies depending on the aquifer type and is sensitive to aquifer hydraulic properties and well construction. Recirculation wells offer an effective and economical alternative for characterizing aquifer hydraulic properties.
ADVANCES IN WATER RESOURCES
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mostafa Naderi, Hoshin V. Gupta
Summary: We investigate the sensitivity of aquifer-scale transmissivity and storativity estimates to aquifer heterogeneity by analyzing pumping test data. We find that to obtain reliable estimates, pumping should continue until the test-induced cone of depression exceeds 15 times the correlation length scale of heterogeneity. Regardless of solution type, the estimates for transmissivity converge to the geometric mean, while the estimates for storativity converge to the arithmetic mean beyond a representative distance.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jerome Hardouin, Claire Dore, Justine Laurent, Teresa Lopez-Leon, Jordi Ignes-Mullol, Francesc Sagues
Summary: This study reveals that active liquid crystals can develop active boundary layers that polarize the confining walls regardless of their curvature. The accumulation of negatively-charged defects in the boundary layer influences the dynamics of the system and can even fully control the behavior of the active liquid crystals.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Chong Ma, Wenguang Shi, Hongbin Zhan
Summary: This study develops a conceptual model and provides a semi-analytical solution for a vertical circulation well system. The sensitivity analysis reveals that the hydraulic conductance of the aquitard has the greatest influence on the hydraulic head. The research findings are significant for improving the design of groundwater treatment and geothermal energy engineering.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Hang Du, Weili Xu, Zhizhou Zhang, Xiaojun Han
Summary: In confined spaces, bacteria exhibit unique cellular behaviors such as growth and proliferation, cell communication, and motion. This mini-review also discusses future trends and challenges in studying bacteria in these environments.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Soil Science
Mayu Fujino, Kazuki Suzuki, Naoki Harada, Rasit Asiloglu
Summary: Bacterial communities in soil ecosystems, including paddy fields, are regulated by predatory protists. Current knowledge on this regulation comes solely from DNA-based methods which lack the ability to differentiate between alive and dead cells. This study compared DNA- and RNA-based sequencing methods to evaluate the impact of protists on bacterial community composition, and found that protists have a species-specific effect and soil type is an important factor in microbial trophic interactions.
BIOLOGY AND FERTILITY OF SOILS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Guillaume Bay, Conard Lee, Chiliang Chen, Navreet K. Mahal, Michael J. Castellano, Kirsten S. Hofmockel, Larry J. Halverson
Summary: The diversity of cropping systems affects the composition of soil microbial communities, particularly in the rhizosphere and endosphere. Diversified cropping systems recruit a more diverse bacterial community in the rhizosphere, while fungal species richness varies between different cropping systems.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yong Qian, Qinxuan Hou, Chunxiao Wang, Shijun Zhen, Chen Yue, Xiangxiang Cui, Chunyan Guo
Summary: This study investigated the hydrogeochemical characteristics and groundwater quality in the Hebei Plain. The results showed that groundwater total hardness, TDS, and major ions were higher in phreatic aquifers compared to confined aquifers. The increase in groundwater quality parameters such as TDS, major ions, B, and Mn concentrations in phreatic aquifers was most likely due to water-rock interaction, ion exchange process, and evaporation. The groundwater quality in the Hebei Plain was mainly controlled by factors such as water-rock interaction, agricultural pollution, and marine geogenic sources.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Liang Xiao, Guanghua Guo, Lihua Chen, Fuwan Gan, Yongxin Xu
Summary: A semi-analytical solution is developed to study drawdown of transient confined-unconfined flow towards a fully penetrating well in a confined aquifer. The results show that the proposed solution, with the parameter γ introduced, can investigate the delayed responses of drawdown.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Hai-Min Lyu, Shui-Long Shen, Yong-Xia Wu, An-Nan Zhou
Summary: This paper analyzes the mechanism of blocking effects from a close barrier in confined aquifer and proposes a simple equation based on analytical solution to calculate groundwater heads inside and outside of the excavation pit with a waterproof curtain. The distribution of groundwater head is derived under two conditions: pumping with a constant water head and pumping with a constant flow rate. The proposed model is verified by numerical simulation and experimental results, demonstrating its applicability in engineering practice.
GEOSCIENCE FRONTIERS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Qiuting Zhang, Jian Li, Japinder Nijjer, Haoran Lu, Mrityunjay Kothari, Ricard Alert, Tal Cohen, Jing Yan
Summary: The study reveals the key morphogenesis steps of Vibrio cholerae biofilms embedded in hydrogels, showing that the morphodynamics and cell ordering in embedded biofilms are fundamentally different from those of biofilms on flat surfaces. The stiffness contrast between the biofilm and its environment determines biofilm morphology and internal architecture, selecting between different shapes and cell ordering patterns.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Edoardo Severini, Laura Ducci, Alessandra Sutti, Stuart Robottom, Sandro Sutti, Fulvio Celico
Summary: This study aims to develop an efficient and cost-effective method to extract and evaluate microplastics in a sedimentary aquifer based on the hydrogeological characteristics of the area. The findings show that microplastics in groundwater have higher circularity and Feret diameter compared to those in surface waters, indicating that their shape plays a more significant role in transport in porous aquifers. Additionally, aquifer recharge does not alter the characteristics of microplastics in groundwater.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Angelica Marcia dos Santos, Josiel Martins Costa, Juliana Kawanishi Braga, Theodore M. Flynn, Gunther Brucha, Giselle Patricia Sancinetti, Renata Piacentini Rodriguez
Summary: The competition between sulfate-reducing bacteria and methane-producing archaea plays a crucial role in organic matter removal and the success of sulfidogenic systems. The study found that different COD/sulfate ratios and electron donors have varying effects on sulfate reduction activities and organic matter removal. Therefore, controlling these parameters may enhance wastewater treatment with high sulfate levels through bacterial activities.
ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Water Resources
F. Bichai, P. Smeets, S. Barrette, D. Deere, N. J. Ashbolt, G. Ferrero
Summary: A survey was conducted to investigate the use and relevance of water safety plans in facing the challenges of the Covid-19 crisis. The analysis of responses from 86 respondents across 38 countries identified the water safety challenges faced and the advantages provided by water safety plans, including stronger communication links between utilities and governing agencies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Rafik Dey, Elena Dlusskaya, Nicholas J. Ashbolt
Summary: Research shows that amoebae may play a role in the environmental persistence of SARS-CoV-2, with the virus remaining infectious within amoebae cysts for up to 2 months. Further studies suggest that amoebae promote viral survival within cells by triggering their mitochondria and inducing apoptosis.
JOURNAL OF WATER AND HEALTH
(2022)
Correction
Environmental Sciences
Jason R. Vogel, Dale W. Griffin, Hon S. Ip, Nicholas J. Ashbolt, Matthew T. Moser, Jingrang Lu, Mary K. Beitz, Hodon Ryu, Jorge W. Santo Domingo
WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yuanyuan Qiu, Jiaao Yu, Kanti Pabbaraju, Bonita E. Lee, Tiejun Gao, Nicholas J. Ashbolt, Steve E. Hrudey, Mathew Diggle, Graham Tipples, Rasha Maal-Bared, Xiaoli Pang
Summary: Wastewater surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 is a valuable tool for assessing population-level changes in community infections. This study validated a molecular testing method using ultrafiltration to concentrate viruses from wastewater and one-step RT-qPCR assay to detect SARS-CoV-2. The study optimized parameters such as sample storage condition, wastewater pH, RNA extraction, and RT-qPCR assay.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Caitlin Proctor, Emily Garner, Kerry A. Hamilton, Nicholas J. Ashbolt, Lindsay J. Caverly, Joseph O. Falkinham, Charles N. Haas, Michele Prevost, D. Rebecca Prevots, Amy Pruden, Lutgarde Raskin, Janet Stout, Sarah-Jane Haig
Summary: In recent years, drinking water-associated pathogens that can cause infections in immunocompromised or otherwise susceptible individuals have gained attention. Previous research focused on specific microorganisms or expertise areas, resulting in mitigation approaches that may have unintended consequences. To address this, a more holistic approach is needed that targets multiple microorganisms, involves experts from different disciplines, and promotes interdisciplinary communication.
Article
Microbiology
Sujani Ariyadasa, Craig Billington, Mohamed Shaheen, Nicholas J. Ashbolt, Conan Fee, Liping Pang
Summary: The engulfment of Legionella pneumophila by free-living amoebae in engineered water systems enhances the bacterium's survival and increases public health risk. By developing a biopolymer surrogate with similar characteristics, researchers have found a potential tool for studying these interactions.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Linduo Zhao, Hongbo Shao, Li Zhang, Samuel Panno, Walton R. Kelly, Tzu-Yu Lin, Wen-Tso Liu, Theodore M. Flynn, Peter Berger
Summary: Saline springs within the Illinois Basin are formed by the discharge of deep-seated evaporated seawater, and their microbial communities are poorly understood. This study investigated seven saline/mineral springs with different characteristics and origins and found that each spring has a unique microbial community influenced by its geochemical properties. Springs originating from Cambrian/Ordovician strata have higher species richness and overlap compared to those originating from Pennsylvanian strata, which are subject to more extensive surface and groundwater recharge. Springs play an important role in influencing the microbiota in the immediate terrestrial environment and potentially affecting downstream ecosystems.
ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Xiaole Yin, Xi Chen, Xiao-Tao Jiang, Ying Yang, Bing Li, Marcus Ho-Hin Shum, Tommy T. Y. Lam, Gabriel M. Leung, Joan Rose, Concepcion Sanchez-Cid, Timothy M. Vogel, Fiona Walsh, Thomas U. Berendonk, Janet Midega, Chibuzor Uchea, Dominic Frigon, Gerard D. Wright, Carlos Bezuidenhout, Renata C. Picao, Shaikh Z. Ahammad, Per Halkjaer Nielsen, Philip Hugenholtz, Nicholas J. Ashbolt, Gianluca Corno, Despo Fatta-Kassinos, Helmut Buergmann, Heike Schmitt, Chang-Jun Cha, Amy Pruden, Kornelia Smalla, Eddie Cytryn, Yu Zhang, Min Yang, Yong-Guan Zhu, Arnaud Dechesne, Barth F. Smets, David W. Graham, Michael R. Gillings, William H. Gaze, Celia M. Manaia, Mark C. M. van Loosdrecht, Pedro J. J. Alvarez, Martin J. Blaser, James M. Tiedje, Edward Topp, Tong Zhang
Summary: Surveillance of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in environmental sectors is increasingly conducted to complement studies in human and animal sectors. However, comparing and synthesizing results from different studies using different test methods and bioinformatic analysis approaches pose substantial challenges. This article suggests a universal unit (ARG copy per cell) for reporting biological measurements of ARGs in order to improve comparability. By comparing commonly used quantification units, this study proposes a step towards standardization.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Qiaozhi Li, Bonita E. Lee, Tiejun Gao, Yuanyuan Qiu, Erik Ellehoj, Jiaao Yu, Mathew Diggle, Graham Tipples, Rasha Maal-Bared, Deena Hinshaw, Christopher Sikora, Nicholas J. Ashbolt, James Talbot, Steve E. Hrudey, Xiaoli Pang
Summary: By analyzing a large dataset of 1,842 samples collected from 12 wastewater treatment plants over a period of 14 months, this study used Probit analysis to calculate the sensitivity of RT-qPCR detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater. It determined the number of new COVID-19 cases required to detect the virus in wastewater at different probabilities and provided an evidence-based framework for wastewater-based epidemiology surveillance. The study improves our understanding of the performance of SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection in wastewater using extensive data and a prolonged study period. It highlights the importance of estimating the COVID-19 burden that will result in positive detection in wastewater for the application of wastewater-based surveillance as a supplementary system for COVID-19 prevention and control.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Rafik Dey, Elena Dlusskaya, Mariem Oloroso, Nicholas J. Ashbolt
Summary: Rising temperatures are expanding habitats for thermotolerant pathogens, including Naegleria fowleri, known as the 'brain-eating amoeba'. Although Naegleria species have not been found in environmental water sources in Canada, we identified other thermotolerant species, such as Naegleria pagei, Naegleria gruberi, Naegleria jejuensis and Naegleria fultoni, indicating the potential for supporting N. fowleri. It is recommended to continue monitoring and examining water for pathogenic amoebae in order to manage public health risks.
JOURNAL OF WATER AND HEALTH
(2023)
Review
Engineering, Environmental
Michael A. Jahne, Mary E. Schoen, Anya Kaufmann, Brian M. Pecson, Adam Olivieri, Sybil Sharvelle, Anita Anderson, Nicholas J. Ashbolt, Jay L. Garland
Summary: In this work, the authors compare and synthesize the log10-reduction targets (LRTs) for pathogens in onsite non-potable water systems (ONWS) to inform the selection of pathogen LRTs. The results show that there were minor differences in LRTs for human enteric viruses and parasitic protozoa between 2017 and 2021 efforts, despite differences in pathogen characterization methods. The greatest differences were observed in stormwater due to the use of municipal wastewater data and different reference pathogens.
Review
Immunology
Nicholas John Ashbolt
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been extensively studied for their role in environmental persistence, dissemination, and infection of human enteric viruses. However, their role in the interaction between amoebae and Legionella pneumophila is poorly understood.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Brian M. Pecson, Anya Kaufmann, Daniel Gerrity, Charles N. Haas, Edmund Seto, Nicholas J. Ashbolt, Theresa Slifko, Emily Darby, Adam Olivieri
Summary: This study provides guidance on selecting science-based pathogen treatment requirements for direct potable reuse (DPR) systems, using probabilistic quantitative microbial risk assessments to determine log reduction targets. The findings and recommendations are applicable not only in California but also in the development of DPR regulations worldwide.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-WATER RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiaoli Pang, Tiejun Gao, Erik Ellehoj, Qiaozhi Li, Yuanyuan Qiu, Rasha Maal-Bared, Christopher Sikora, Graham Tipples, Mathew Diggle, Deena Hinshaw, Nicholas J. Ashbolt, James Talbot, Steve E. Hrudey, Bonita E. Lee
Summary: This study found a strong correlation between SARS-CoV-2 RNA levels in wastewater and the number of COVID-19 cases in corresponding communities over 17 months. Wastewater-based surveillance provides an unbiased estimate of COVID-19 prevalence and can effectively monitor cases when the RNA levels reach detectable thresholds.