Article
Environmental Sciences
Jinchi Yao, Wei Li, Dong Ou, Lei Lei, Muhammad Asif, Yongdi Liu
Summary: The presence of sulfate in hypersaline wastewater enhanced the removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand and total nitrogen, while reducing the accumulation of nitrite. High-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that Denitromonas and Xanthomarina were the dominant genera in AGS response to mixed salts containing high sulfate.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Xiufang Zhang, Yongqiang Liu, Jun Li, Zhuo Wei, Wenyan Duan, Fangyuan Chen
Summary: This study investigates the use of sludge biochar as a bio-carrier to enhance aerobic granular sludge. The findings show that sludge biochar can speed up granule formation, improve denitrification performance, and enhance the long-term stability of aerobic granules.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Zejiao Li, Jixiang Wang, Xingyu Chen, Zhongfang Lei, Tian Yuan, Kazuya Shimizu, Zhenya Zhang, Duu-Jong Lee
Summary: This study found that aerobic phosphorus removal in the algal-bacterial aerobic granular sludge (AGS)-based wastewater treatment system is mainly controlled by macropore and micropore diffusion. The increase in light intensity promotes microalgae metabolism and leads to an increase in wastewater pH. The pH increase has a strong negative correlation with phosphorus uptake by polyphosphate-accumulating organisms and promotes chemical precipitation at a specific calcium to phosphorus ratio.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Cheng Yu, Kaijun Wang, Chen Tian, Quan Yuan
Summary: The study found that reducing cycle length and implementing hydrolysis-acidification pretreatment could enhance anaerobic COD uptake, leading to a decrease in effluent TN and TP concentrations to meet Grade IA of effluent standards in China. Furthermore, the pretreatment improved the COD storage, phosphorus release, nitrification-denitrification process, and phosphorus uptake in different phases of the treatment process.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Benjamin J. Thwaites, Richard Stuetz, Michael Short, Petra Reeve, Juan-Pablo Alvarez-Gaitan, Nirmala Dinesh, Renae Philips, Ben van den Akker
Summary: This study found that under low loading rates, the N2O emission factors from AGS and CAS were similar, but with an increase in organic loading rates, AGS emitted more N2O compared to CAS. This difference may be attributed to the feeding strategy used for AGS formation. The feeding plus aeration operation employed by the CAS system enabled a more even biomass ammonium loading rate and DO supply, reducing N2O emissions.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Joao F. Silva, Joao R. Silva, Andreia D. D. Santos, Carolina Vicente, Jan Dries, Luis M. M. Castro
Summary: The authors conducted a study on treating synthetic dairy wastewater using aerobic granular sludge (AGS) in a laboratory-scale continuous flow reactor (CFR) system. The system consisted of an anaerobic reactor, an aerobic reactor, and a settling sedimentation tank, with different hydraulic retention times tested over a 90-day period. The study showed that the AGS system achieved excellent removal rates for chemical oxygen demand and total carbon, exceeding 90%. The effluent met Portuguese laws for direct release into the water environment, making it a viable treatment alternative.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sadiye Kosar, Onur Isik, Busra Cicekalan, Hazal Gulhan, Seyma Cingoz, Mustafa Yoruk, Hale Ozgun, Ismail Koyuncu, Mark C. M. van Loosdrecht, Mustafa Evren Ersahin
Summary: Achieving a neutral/positive energy balance without compromising discharge standards is a key goal in wastewater treatment plants. This study explores the coupling of high-rate activated sludge (HRAS) process with aerobic granular sludge (AGS) process as an energy-efficient pre-treatment option. The results show that feeding the AGS process with a mixture of HRAS process effluent and raw municipal wastewater can increase energy recovery potential and maintain high effluent quality.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Tao Song, Xiaolei Zhang, Ji Li
Summary: In low strength wastewater, aerobic granular sludge (AGS) with filamentous bacteria (FAGS) can be the result of wastewater selection. FAGS showed excellent ammonia nitrogen removal performance, large specific surface area, high extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) content, and strong stability.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Gonglei Wang, Xiaoxiao Huang, Shuai Wang, Fan Yang, Shiting Sun, Peng Yan, Youpeng Chen, Fang Fang, Jinsong Guo
Summary: The food-to-microorganism ratio (F/M) is an important parameter that affects the settleability of aerobic granular sludge (AGS). This study found a relationship between F/M and the sludge volume index (SVI), and identified Thiothrix and Candidatus_Competibacter as dominant bacteria influencing AGS settling performance. The study also showed that an increase in F/M led to a decrease in AGS settling performance, but high levels of gellike polysaccharides effectively retained the granular biomass, resulting in the recovery of AGS settleability.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiaochun Wang, Ji Li, Xiaolei Zhang, Zhonglin Chen, Jimin Shen, Jing Kang
Summary: The study investigated the impact of hydraulic retention time (HRT) on the performance of aerobic granular sludge (AGS) treating swine wastewater in sequencing batch reactors (SBR). Results showed that decreasing HRT from 16 to 8 h improved sedimentation performance and biomass concentration, but further reduction to 4.8 h led to worse AGS performance. AGS process with 8 h HRT exhibited high pollutant removal efficiency and stable microbial community structure.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Qinghong Wang, Jiawen Kong, Jiahao Liang, Mohamed Gamal El-Din, Peng Zhao, Wenyu Xie, Chunmao Chen
Summary: The bioaugmentation potential of aerobic granular sludge (AGS) was explored for improved nitrogen removal in petroleum wastewater treatment. A highly efficient heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification (HN-AD) bacterial consortium was constructed and used to bioaugment the AGS, resulting in enhanced nitrogen removal. The addition of the immobilized consortium facilitated the formation of larger AGS particles and increased the gene abundance related to heterotrophic nitrification.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
P. Carrera, T. Casero-Diaz, C. M. Castro-Barros, R. Mendez, A. Val del Rio, A. Mosquera-Corral
Summary: The composition of wastewater plays a crucial role in selecting granule-forming organisms. The COD/N ratio of the influent can affect the granulation process and lead to different outcomes. The reactor showed efficient removal of COD and N, as well as robustness against production stops.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Yizhi Hou, Chunjuan Gan, Renyu Chen, Ying Chen, Shaochun Yuan, Yao Chen
Summary: Current research on aerobic granular sludge technology focuses on improving microbial biodiversity, settlement behavior, nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency, and shock load resistance. Challenges include slow-speed granulation and easy disintegration after granulation, which are crucial for the extended application of AGS technology. The review also discusses granulation models, microbial communities, and factors affecting particle structure stability.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Amanda Ferreira dos Santos, Francisca Kamila Amancio Frutuoso, Clara de Amorim de Carvalho, Vitor Nairo Sousa Aguiar Lira, Antonio Ricardo Mendes Barros, Andre Bezerra dos Santos
Summary: This study evaluated the influence of carbon sources on the biosynthesis of alginate-like exopolymers (ALE) and tryptophan (Trp) in aerobic granular sludge (AGS). Acetate proved to be the best substrate for producing both ALE and Trp, while propionate and glycerol also showed potential. Glucose yielded the poorest results compared to other substrates.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Qiulai He, Xiaohui Yan, Zhiyi Xie, Peng Xu, Zhidong Fu, Jinfeng Li, Liang Liu, Peng Bi, Baokun Xu, Jingwei Ma
Summary: The upgrade from wastewater treatment plants to water resources recovery facilities has introduced the use of aerobic granular sludge (AGS) for sewage treatment, which shows promising phosphorus recovery potential. In this study, the AGS-based simultaneous nitrification, denitrification, and phosphorus removal process coupled with side-stream phosphorus recovery was developed and tested with municipal wastewater. Results demonstrated that the AGS-SNDPRr achieved stable phosphorus recovery efficiency of 63.40%, while further reducing in situ sludge by 7.7-10%. The enhanced performance of the process was mainly attributed to the Matthew effect of Candidatus_Competibacter, a typical denitrifying glycogen accumulating organism (DGAO).
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Martin Pabst, Denis Grouzdev, Christopher E. Lawson, Hugo B. C. Kleikamp, Carol de Ram, Rogier Louwen, Yuemei Lin, Sebastian Lucker, Mark C. M. van Loosdrecht, Michele Laureni
Summary: The vast chemical diversity and strain variability of prokaryotic protein glycosylation pose significant challenges for large-scale exploration. A newly established mass binning glycoproteomics approach was used to uncover a variety of oligosaccharides in anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacterium Ca. Kuenenia stuttgartiensis, showing two seemingly unrelated biosynthetic routes and modulation related to energy metabolism. The study provides insights into the compositional exploration of prokaryotic protein glycosylation and showcases an example of the evolution of complex oligosaccharides in bacteria.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Lenno van den Berg, Mario Pronk, Mark C. M. van Loosdrecht, Merle K. de Kreuk
Summary: This study compared four methods to measure the density of granular sludge in a full-scale plant treating domestic sewage, and assessed the effect of salinity on granule density. Most methods yielded reliable results, as long as the effect of salinity was considered.
ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
M-K H. Winkler, M. C. M. van Loosdrecht
Article
Engineering, Environmental
V Kouba, D. Vejmelkova, E. Zwolsman, K. Hurkova, K. Navratilova, M. Laureni, P. Vodickova, T. Podzimek, J. Hajslova, M. Pabst, M. C. M. van Loosdrecht, J. Bartacek, P. Lipovova, D. G. Weissbrodt
Summary: This study compares the effect of gradual temperature decrease and cold shocks on the metabolic activity of anammox bacteria. The results show that cold shocks can significantly increase the activity of anammox bacteria and maintain the relative content of nitrogen respiration proteins. Cold shocks also induce the more efficient expression of potential cold shock proteins and contribute to the adaptation of anammox bacteria to low temperatures through changes in membrane lipid structure.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
David Calderon-Franco, Roel Sarelse, Stella Christou, Mario Pronk, Mark C. M. van Loosdrecht, Thomas Abeel, David G. Weissbrodt
Summary: In the context of One Health, wastewater treatment plants play a crucial role in preventing the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance. However, current surveillance studies focus mainly on monitoring intracellular DNA, while the role of extracellular free DNA is often overlooked. This study found that in the process of wastewater treatment, the exDNA fractions containing resistance determinants and mobile genetic elements need to be considered for AMR surveillance and risk assessment.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Angel Estevez-Alonso, Beatriz Altamira-Algarra, Cesar Arnau-Segarra, Mark C. M. van Loosdrecht, Robbert Kleerebezem, Alan Werker
Summary: The development of mixed culture polyhydroxyalkanoate production focuses on maximizing the biomass PHA content, with less attention given to polymer quality. A study compared commonly reported process conditions for PHA accumulation by full-scale municipal activated sludge, finding that a combination of biomass acclimation and pulse-wise feeding strategy resulted in the highest average PHA content and product yields.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Agricultural Engineering
Xingyu Chen, Yu-Jen Lee, Tian Yuan, Zhongfang Lei, Yasuhisa Adachi, Zhenya Zhang, Yuemei Lin, Mark C. M. van Loosdrecht
Summary: This review provides an overview of the current research and future directions in the recovery and utilization of high value-added biopolymers from conventional and advanced biological wastewater treatment systems. It discusses the recent developments in the understanding and functionality of extracellular biopolymers, as well as the factors influencing their yield, quality, and functionality. The review also explores potential practical applications of extracellular biopolymers and suggests research priorities for future prospects.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Laurence Strubbe, Edward J. H. van Dijk, Pascalle J. M. Deenekamp, Mark C. M. van Loosdrecht, Eveline I. P. Volcke
Summary: In the pursuit of reducing carbon footprint and energy costs, energy efficiency is crucial. This study focused on aerobic granular sludge reactors and found that they consume up to 50% less energy compared to conventional activated sludge systems. The study also investigated the dynamic behavior of the alpha factor and identified exchange ratio and temperature as the main influencing factors on its rate of increase during the aeration phase.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sadiye Kosar, Onur Isik, Busra Cicekalan, Hazal Gulhan, Seyma Cingoz, Mustafa Yoruk, Hale Ozgun, Ismail Koyuncu, Mark C. M. van Loosdrecht, Mustafa Evren Ersahin
Summary: Achieving a neutral/positive energy balance without compromising discharge standards is a key goal in wastewater treatment plants. This study explores the coupling of high-rate activated sludge (HRAS) process with aerobic granular sludge (AGS) process as an energy-efficient pre-treatment option. The results show that feeding the AGS process with a mixture of HRAS process effluent and raw municipal wastewater can increase energy recovery potential and maintain high effluent quality.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Javier A. Pavez-Jara, Jules B. van Lier, Merle K. de Kreuk
Summary: Full-scale thermal hydrolysis processes (THP) can negatively impact methanogenesis during anaerobic digestion (AD). This research investigates the distribution and degradation of nutrients and melanoidins in THP-sludge during AD. The results show that THP-formed soluble melanoidins have partial biodegradability, especially those with a molecular weight below 1.1 kDa. TAN concentration increased after AD, and the presence of TAN and associated FAN strongly inhibited methanogenesis.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Amir Tabakovic, Jeremy Lemmens, Jelmer Tamis, Dave van Vliet, Sayeda Nahar, Willem Suitela, Mark van Loosdrecht, Greet Leegwater
Summary: Bitumen is essential in asphalt pavements for its binding properties and ability to restore damage caused by traffic loading. With the decline in crude oil production, there is a need to find environmentally sustainable alternatives for bitumen modifiers. This paper investigates the potential use of the bio-based co-polymer PHBV as an alternative bitumen modifier and presents positive results from various tests.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Navid Ahmadi, Mona Abbasi, Ali Torabian, Mark C. M. van Loosdrecht, Joel Ducoste
Summary: The transformation of four pharmaceuticals in a moving bed biofilm reactor was investigated under different COD/N ratios. Changes in the COD/N ratio influenced the competition between heterotrophic and nitrifying communities, resulting in shifts in microbial populations and composition in the biofilms. Autotrophic conditions exhibited higher transformation rates, indicating the importance of nitrification.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
Nam Kyeun Kim, Debes Bhattacharyya, Mark van Loosdrecht, Yuemei Lin
Summary: This research developed a bio-based flame retardant using a biopolymer derived from wastewater sludge to enhance the fire performance of polypropylene (PP). The study found that the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) from wastewater sludge played a significant role in improving the char formation of PP composite. The incorporation of the bio-based flame retardant restricted the vertical burning characteristics of PP and improved its tensile moduli.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Antonella Piaggio, Srilekha Mittapalli, David Calderon-Franco, David Weissbrodt, Jules van Lier, Merle de Kreuk, Ralph Lindeboom
Summary: This study investigates the effects of adding antibiotics to a micro-aerated anaerobic membrane bioreactor (MA-AnMBR). The results show that antibiotics have no effect on wastewater treatment efficiency, but they do affect the pH value and biogas composition of the process. In addition, the addition of antibiotics increases the relative abundance of antibiotic-resistant genes and mobile genetic elements in the system.
WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Rong-Gui Zhu, Chang-Gui Pan, Feng-Jiao Peng, Chao-Yang Zhou, Jun-Jie Hu, Kefu Yu
Summary: This comprehensive survey investigated the occurrence, bioaccumulation, and trophic magnification of parabens and their metabolite 4-HB in a marine food web. Results showed that parabens were the predominant pollutants in marine organisms, with significant bioaccumulation from sediments. The estimated trophic magnification factor indicated biomagnification for MeP and trophic dilution for 4-HB. Overall, the risks for humans consuming marine organisms were found to be low.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Andres F. Torres-Franco, Deborah Leroy-Freitas, Cristina Martinez-Fraile, Elisa Rodriguez, Pedro A. Garcia-Encina, Raul Munoz
Summary: Anaerobic and microalgae-based technologies have emerged as sustainable alternatives for municipal wastewater treatment. However, the presence of viruses in the treated wastewater is a major concern for reuse applications. This study assessed the ability of these technologies to reduce viruses during secondary wastewater treatment. The results showed that all technologies were effective in reducing the concentration of viruses, with microalgae-based treatment exhibiting the highest potential for reducing the disinfection requirements of treated wastewater.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Young Gwang Kim, Sae Yun Kwon, Spencer J. Washburn, Scott C. Brooks, Ji Won Yoon, Lucien Besnard
Summary: The study uses Hg isotope ratios to identify the sources and exposure pathways of mercury in bivalves, finding that dissolved Hg phases in the water column are the primary source and exposure pathway to bivalves. This provides new insights into using bivalves as bioindicators for sediment quality monitoring.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Hui Geng, Ying Xu, Rui Liu, Dianhai Yang, Xiaohu Dai
Summary: This study investigates the effect of cation exchange resin (CER) on the sequential recovery of hydrogen and methane from anaerobic digestion (AD) and the corresponding mechanisms. The results show that CER can simultaneously enhance the production of hydrogen and methane by promoting the solubilisation, hydrolysis, and acidification of organic matter. Additionally, CER facilitates effective contact between bacteria and organic particulates and reduces the energy barrier for mass transfer during methane production. The study also reveals changes in the microbial community structure and metagenomics during the AD process.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Xiaojing Lin, Zhan Jin, Shunfeng Jiang, Zhiquan Wang, Suqing Wu, Ke Bei, Min Zhao, Xiangyong Zheng
Summary: Dehumidification combined with addition of absorbent resin supplement (ARS) was used to achieve rapid evaporation of non-pretreated urine, resulting in high water evaporation efficiency and nutrient recovery.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yangli Che, Chaoran Lin, Shen Li, Jiao Liu, Longhai Zhu, Shilei Yu, Nan Wang, Haoshuai Li, Mutai Bao, Yang Zhou, Tonghao Si, Rui Bao
Summary: Hydrodynamic processes play a crucial role in the transmission of sediments, microbial assembly, and organic carbon redistribution in the ocean. Through experiments and analysis, we found that hydrodynamics shape the assembly of microbial communities and control the redistribution of different sourced organic carbon, thereby influencing microbial-mediated biogeochemical transformation.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Chao Chen, Yu Yang, Nigel J. D. Graham, Zhenyu Li, Xingtao Yang, Zhining Wang, Nadia Farhat, Johannes S. Vrouwenvelder, Li -an Hou
Summary: The fouling of seawater reverse osmosis membranes is a persistent challenge in desalination. This study monitored the operational performance of a desalination plant for 7 years and the fouling development in different areas of membrane modules. The findings showed that operational performance declined over time and fouling mainly occurred at the feed side of the modules, with the highest microbial diversity. Keystone species like Chloroflexi and Planctomycetes played an important role in maintaining community structure and biofilm maturation. Polysaccharides, soluble microbial products, marine humic acid-like substances, and inorganic substances contributed to fouling. Overall, biofouling had a significant impact on membrane fouling after 7 years of operation.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Dan Li, Jieyi Sun, Yibo Fu, Wentao Hong, Heli Wang, Qian Yang, Junhong Wu, Sen Yang, Jianhui Xu, Yunfei Zhang, Yirong Deng, Yin Zhong, Ping'an Peng
Summary: Sulfidation-oxidation treatment of magnetite (Fe3O4) enhances the production of dark center dot OH, which can efficiently degrade dissolved organic matter (DOM) and accelerate carbon cycling.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Cheng Yu, Kaijun Wang, Kaiyuan Zhang, Ruiyang Liu, Pingping Zheng
Summary: This study implemented a microaerobic-aerobic configuration in a full-scale municipal wastewater treatment facility and investigated the effects on sludge characteristics, pollutant removal, microbial community, and granulation mechanisms. The results showed successful transition from flocculent-activated sludge to well-defined AGS after two months of operation. The primary pathways for pollutant removal were simultaneous nitrification, denitrification, and phosphorus removal. Moreover, the incorporation of internal separators induced shifts in the flow pattern, which promoted granulation.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Zhe Zhang, Shaoyang Hu, Guangrong Sun, Wei Wang
Summary: Halogenated aromatic disinfection byproducts (DBPs), such as halogenated phenols, have garnered widespread attention due to their high toxicity and prevalence. This study reports on the analysis, occurrence, and cytotoxicity of a group of emerging halogenated aromatic DBPs, known as halogenated polyhydroxyphenols (HPPs), in drinking water.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Shengyue Chen, Jinliang Huang, Peng Wang, Xi Tang, Zhenyu Zhang
Summary: Accurate prediction of river water quality is crucial for sustainable water management. This study introduces wavelet analysis and transfer learning techniques to assist LSTM modeling, proposing a newly coupled modeling approach that improves short-term prediction of river water quality.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Bang Du, Xinmin Zhan, Piet N. L. Lens, Yifeng Zhang, Guangxue Wu
Summary: Efficient anaerobic digestion relies on the cooperation of different microorganisms with different metabolic pathways. This study investigated the effects of different operational modes and the addition of powdered activated carbon (PAC) on ethanol metabolic pathways. The results showed that the SBR mode and the presence of CO2 facilitated ethanol metabolism towards propionate production, while the CFR mode with extended solids retention time enriched Geobacter. Adjusting operational modes and PAC addition can modulate anaerobic ethanol metabolism and enrich Geobacter.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Wanfa Wang, Si-Liang Li, Jun Zhong, Yuanbi Yi, Fujun Yue, Zenglei Han, Qixin Wu, Ding He, Cong-Qiang Liu
Summary: This study compares the carbon biogeochemical processes in karst and non-karst regions within large thermal stratified river-reservoir systems. The results demonstrate that karst reservoirs have a reduced potential for carbon emissions and highlight the importance of considering geologic settings to improve accuracy in regional and global CO2 emission estimates.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Chunxia Jiang, Zelong Zhao, Dong Zhu, Xiong Pan, Yuyi Yang
Summary: This study analyzed the occurrence and distribution of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in different environmental media of the Yangtze River using metagenomics. Core resistome dominated by multidrug resistance genes was found in all samples, while rare resistome dominated by various resistance genes was more prevalent in plasmids. Specific bacteria were identified as hosts for both core and rare resistomes, with high clinical concern ARGs found in the rare resistome. Particle-associated environment provided the most ideal conditions for resistome hosts. This study provided insights into the genetic locations of ARGs and the community assembly mechanisms of ARG hosts in freshwater environments.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yu Zhang, Yongtao He, Linchun Jia, Lei Xu, Zheng Wang, Yueling He, Ling Xiong, Xumeng Lin, Hong Chen, Gang Xue
Summary: By synergizing organic carbon source, thiosulfate, and zero-valent iron, efficient mixotrophic denitrification of oligotrophic secondary effluent can be achieved. Thiosulfate plays a vital role in promoting TN removal efficiency, while corrosion of Fe0 releases OH- to neutralize H+ from thiosulfate-driven denitrification, creating a suitable environment for denitrification. The coordination of thiosulfate and Fe0 maintains the dominance of Thiobacillus for denitrification.
