Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Collin J. Weber, Jens Hahn, Christian Opp
Summary: The increasing number of pollutants in soils, including plastics and microplastics, has become a major concern. This study investigated the spatial connections between heavy metals and plastic pollutants in floodplain soils. The results showed a low-to-moderate contamination of heavy metals and a wide distribution of plastic contents in the floodplain soils, indicating similar deposition conditions for both pollutants.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Chloe A. Beardsley, Kai Z. Fuller, Thomas H. Reilly, Charles S. Henry
Summary: The method presented in this study offers a safer and more economical way to detect lead in soil, providing quick and accurate results for regular environmental screening.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Elizaveta Konstantinova, Tatiana Minkina, Dina Nevidomskaya, Saglara Mandzhieva, Tatiana Bauer, Inna Zamulina, Marina Voloshina, Ilia Lobzenko, Aleksey Maksimov, Svetlana Sushkova
Summary: This study focuses on the geochemistry of potentially toxic elements in the soils of the Lower Don basin, revealing that some elements are of natural origin, some are of mixed sources, while lead and cadmium are mainly from anthropogenic sources. The study also determines the geochemical background values for soils and observes the highest integrated pollution indices in floodplain soils.
ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Louisa F. Steingraeber, Catharina Ludolphy, Johannes Metz, Lars Germershausen, Horst Kierdorf, Uwe Kierdorf
Summary: The study revealed that the floodplain soils along the Innerste River in northern Germany are contaminated with heavy metals due to historical mining activities, impacting the metal levels in blackberry leaves as well. The concentrations of Cd, Pb, and Zn in blackberry leaves within the floodplain were significantly higher than those outside the floodplain.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Arwa A. AL-Huqail, Mostafa A. Taher, Ivan Siric, Madhumita Goala, Bashir Adelodun, Kyung Sook Choi, Piyush Kumar, Vinod Kumar, Pankaj Kumar, Ebrahem M. Eid
Summary: With the increasing demand for electronic devices, e-waste containing hazardous heavy metals is becoming a major environmental threat. This study evaluates the phytoremediation potential of Cyperus rotundus L. in soils contaminated with battery scrap waste (BSW), specifically for the heavy metals cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb). The results showed that BSW mixing significantly increased the heavy metal content in the soil, resulting in reduced growth and biochemical traits of C. rotundus. However, C. rotundus was found to be a hyperaccumulator plant capable of absorbing Cd and Pb, making it a potential candidate for phytoremediation of BSW-contaminated soils.
Review
Environmental Sciences
Saravanan Rajendran, T. A. K. Priya, Kuan Shiong Khoo, Tuan K. A. Hoang, Hui-Suan Ng, Heli Siti Halimatul Munawaroh, Ceren Karaman, Yasin Orooji, Pau Loke Show
Summary: Heavy metal pollution is a global environmental challenge that poses a significant threat to human life. Various methods have been explored to eliminate heavy metal pollutants from the environment, but are constrained by high expenses, processing duration, geological problems, and political issues. The immobilization of metals, phytoextraction, and biological methods have proven practical in treating metal contaminants from the soil.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Colin A. Cooke, Jason H. Curtis, William F. Kenney, Paul Drevnick, Peter E. Siegel
Summary: Lead and mercury emissions and deposition have long histories extending into preindustrial times, but the timing, magnitude, and persistence of preindustrial emissions remain unclear. This study uses a well-dated sediment core from Lake Antoine, Grenada to assess the past 3000 years of tropical lead and mercury deposition. The results show that preindustrial increases in lead and mercury concentrations can be explained by variations in mineral and organic matter inputs from the watershed, reflecting climate-driven changes in the lake level. There is no evidence that preindustrial use of lead and mercury raised deposition rates in this remote ecosystem. Industrial-era accumulation rates in Lake Antoine have been accelerated by land use and land cover change within the crater rim, but global industrial pollution is still evident. After correcting for watershed inputs, recent atmospheric deposition rates of lead and mercury are in close agreement with monitoring data, challenging previous assessments that suggested preindustrial use of mercury raised atmospheric deposition rates globally.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Naminata Sangare Soumahoro, N'guessan Louis Berenger Kouassi, Koffi Marcellin Yao, Edith Kouassi Kwa-Koffi, Aka Marcel Kouassi, Albert Trokourey
Summary: The study investigated the impact of the Akouedo dumpsite in Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire, on metal contamination in the surrounding environment. It was found that the dumpsite significantly polluted the sediments with Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb, potentially causing high ecological risks.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Patritsia M. Stathatou, Christos E. Athanasiou, Marios Tsezos, John W. Goss, L. Camron Blackburn, Filippos Tourlomousis, Andreas Mershin, Brian W. Sheldon, Nitin P. Padture, Eric M. Darling, Huajian Gao, Neil Gershenfeld
Summary: Traces of heavy metals, such as lead, in water resources pose a global threat. Conventional treatment processes are ineffective in removing low concentrations of toxic heavy metals. However, using Saccharomyces cerevisiae, it is possible to efficiently remove trace lead from water through biosorption.
COMMUNICATIONS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Qirong Hu, Jinbao Li, Yongzhi Wang, Pengcheng Huang, Xuemin He
Summary: This study investigated the characteristics and sources of heavy metal pollution in different grassland soil types in Altay. The results showed that natural grasslands were the most severely contaminated, with zinc and lead being the main pollutants. The sources of pollution were identified as natural and mining activity sources, industrial coal combustion and sewage sources, as well as an unknown source.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Szymon Lucjan Rozanski, Jose Matias Penas Castejon, Donald G. McGahan
Summary: This study assessed the oral bioaccessibility and human health risk of metal(loid)s in potentially polluted urban topsoils, finding relatively low levels of pollution. However, soil pica behavior may lead to non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks, especially for children with lapses of adult supervision.
ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
George P. Watson, Andrew J. Margenot
Summary: Urban agriculture in post-industrial cities faces concerns on human health risks posed by elevated lead concentrations in edible plant tissues. The addition of soluble phosphate as a mitigation strategy for decreasing soil lead bioavailability to humans may not reduce crop lead uptake and accumulation in edible tissues. The study found that the application of phosphate-based mitigation amendments did not affect lead concentrations in tomato fruit. However, fruit lead concentrations varied between years and were below risk limits. The study suggests investigating the seasonality of lead uptake and focusing on the location of tomato cultivation to mitigate health risks.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ioana Monica Sur, Andreea Hegyi, Valer Micle, Timea Gabor, Adrian-Victor Lazarescu
Summary: Soil pollution with heavy metals is a global problem. This research investigates the extraction of heavy metals from polluted soils using different extraction agents. The results show low extraction efficiency for all proposed extraction solutions, but higher removal efficiencies can be achieved under specific conditions. Further research is needed to find better solutions for pollutant removal.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Radoslava Kanianska, Jozef Varga, Nikola Benkova, Miriam Kizekova, L'ubica Jancova
Summary: Floodplains are valuable ecosystems that are under threat from heavy metal contamination. This study focused on the contamination of floodplain soil by 8 heavy metals originating from old mine works. The results showed that many alluvial sites had similar or even higher levels of heavy metal contamination compared to the contaminated sites. Copper had the highest contamination factor, followed by lead, zinc, and cadmium. The distribution of heavy metals in different fractions revealed that cadmium, zinc, and lead were mainly associated with exchangeable and reducible fractions, while copper was mainly associated with the oxidisable fraction. Soil properties were selectively correlated with the different fractions of heavy metals. The study also found that the type of ecosystem had an impact on the distribution of heavy metals.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Wenshun Ke, Jiaqing Zeng, Feng Zhu, Xinghua Luo, Jingpei Feng, Jin He, Shengguo Xue
Summary: This study investigated the spatial distribution and geochemical partitioning of heavy metals (HMs) in soil samples from an abandoned lead smelting site. The results showed that As, Pb and Cd posed serious threats to soil quality with high spatial heterogeneity. The study also identified the major mineral hosts for HMs and found that quartz, montmorillonite, and goethite were closely associated with HMs minerals in contaminated soils, limiting their vertical migration and potential risks to groundwater.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Magdalena Sut-Lohmann, Jerzy Jonczak, Thomas Raab
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2020)
Article
Forestry
Alexander Bonhage, Florian Hirsch, Anna Schneider, Alexandra Raab, Thomas Raab, Sally Donovan
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2020)
Article
Archaeology
A. Schneider, A. Bonhage, A. Raab, F. Hirsch, T. Raab
GEOARCHAEOLOGY-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL
(2020)
Article
Soil Science
Anna Schneider, Florian Hirsch, Alexander Bonhage, Alexandra Raab, Thomas Raab
Article
Environmental Sciences
Allan Buras, Florian Hirsch, Anna Schneider, Tobias Scharnweber, Ernst van der Maaten, Roberto Cruz-Garcia, Thomas Raab, Martin Wilmking
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2020)
Article
Archaeology
Alexander Bonhage, Mahmoud Eltaher, Thomas Raab, Michael Breuss, Alexandra Raab, Anna Schneider
Summary: Automated object detection in archaeology is challenging due to complex backgrounds and unclear target orientation. Current CNN techniques lack speed and accuracy, but the two-stage Mask R-CNN detector has shown promising results in object detection. By enhancing this technique with adaptive gradient method and AdaBound optimization, improved accuracy and reduced training time can be achieved for identifying archaeological sites.
ARCHAEOLOGICAL PROSPECTION
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
F. Hirsch, T. Raab, M. Blaszkiewicz
Summary: Paleosols, such as the Finow soil, are commonly used as chronometric markers, but recent studies suggest that the formation of the Finow soil is characterized by clay migration rather than brunification. Without a complete soil sequence, researchers argue that the use of the Finow soil as a supraregional chronometric or pedostratigraphic marker should be avoided.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Vera Hoellriegl, Nina Petoussi-Henss, Kerstin Huerkamp, Juan Camilo Ocampo Ramos, Wei Bo Li
Summary: Ra-223 and its progeny were modeled using the latest biokinetic model, showing their radiopharmacokinetic behavior. The organ absorbed doses after intravenous injection of Ra-223 were estimated and compared to clinical data and an earlier modeling study, revealing variations in dose coefficients and bone endosteum dose estimates.
Article
Forestry
Anna Schneider, Alexander Bonhage, Florian Hirsch, Alexandra Raab, Thomas Raab
Summary: Human land use can lead to modifications of soils in small areas, and the legacy effects of past land use are abundant in forests. Relict charcoal hearth (RCH) soils are a widespread example of such legacy soils, with distinct differences from surrounding forest soils in stratigraphy and properties, characterized by a technogenic substrate layer with high charcoal content. RCH soils can significantly contribute to forest soil organic matter stocks, but their distribution and impacts vary across scales, emphasizing the importance of considering land use legacy effects in ecosystem assessment and soil mapping.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Soil Science
Friederike Kaestner, Magdalena Sut-Lohmann, Shaghayegh Ramezany, Thomas Raab, Hannes Feilhauer, Sabine Chabrillat
Summary: Reflectance spectroscopy in the visible-infrared and shortwave infrared wavelength region is a rapid, cost-effective and non-destructive method for monitoring heavy metal contamination. This study shows that Partial Least Squares Regression provides more robust estimations for predicting PTE concentration in heterogeneous soil samples compared to Random Forest Regression.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Magdalena Sut-Lohmann, Shaghayegh Ramezany, Friederike Kaestner, Thomas Raab, Martina Heinrich, Mark Grimm
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the mobility of Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr and Ni in soil using a modified Tessier sequential extraction procedure, as well as to study the changes in functional groups during each extraction step through FTIR analysis. Results indicated different fractionation patterns for the studied metals, with organic matter-bound dominating Cu and Fe/Mn oxides fraction being the main form for Zn and Ni. The recovery rates ranged from 62% to 111%, with Ni having the lowest rate and Cu/Pb exhibiting the highest rates. The study also revealed elevated concentrations of the studied elements, with Ni showing the highest mobility factor.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Magdalena Sut-Lohmann, Shaghayegh Ramezany, Friederike Kastner, Thomas Raab
Summary: Sewage disposal onto agricultural land may lead to high accumulation of organic wastes, challenging the applicability of typical elemental analysis for soil components. In this study, soil samples from a former sedimentation basin were collected and analyzed to monitor contamination status, and the suitability of portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) for samples affected by organic wastes was evaluated. The study revealed the presence of a relatively homogenous sewage waste layer, characterized by slightly acidic to neutral pH, high organic matter accumulation, and elevated concentrations of Ni, Cu, Pb, Zn, and Cr. pXRF analysis showed an increase in metal concentrations in mineral samples. Regression models and correction factors demonstrated a high correlation between pXRF measurement and increasing organic matter content. However, pXRF measurement revealed deviations from the reference values for certain elements.
LAND DEGRADATION & DEVELOPMENT
(2022)
Article
Soil Science
Alexander Bonhage, Thomas Raab, Anna Schneider, Thomas Fischer, Shaghayegh Ramezany, William Ouimet, Alexandra Raab, Florian Hirsch
Summary: This study investigated the SOC content and BC-derived carbon content in technogenic Au horizons and buried soils from 52 relict charcoal hearths (RCHs) sites in northwestern Connecticut. The results showed a significant increase in TOC and BPCA-derived carbon in the technogenic Au horizons compared to reference soils, indicating the long-term influence of historic charcoal production. In addition, the RCH soils exhibited additional TOC enrichment, which requires further explanation.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Archaeology
Ireneusz Malik, Marcin Bohr, Malgorzata Wistuba, Thomas Raab, Alexander Bonhage, Wouter Verschoof van der Vaart, Alexandra Raab, Beata Woskowicz-Slezak
Summary: Using high-resolution lidar images, we researched the abandoned mining field in southern Poland to differentiate the various remains of mining shafts and their morphological diversity. Through radiocarbon dating, we discovered three phases of exploitation in the study area: the Roman and early migration period, the Middle Ages, and the modern period. Surprisingly, our findings indicate ore exploitation during the Roman period, early migration period, and early Middle Ages, which were previously unexpected based on historical sources.
JOURNAL OF FIELD ARCHAEOLOGY
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Computer Science, Information Systems
Tobias Holler, Thomas Raab, Michael Roland, Rene Mayrhofer
Summary: Research shows that dynamic onion services are already feasible for peer-to-peer communication in certain scenarios.
2021 IEEE SYMPOSIUM ON SECURITY AND PRIVACY WORKSHOPS (SPW 2021)
(2021)