Article
Engineering, Environmental
Sanjay Pindar, Nikhil Dhawan
Summary: In-depth characterization and recycling efforts for discarded cathode ray tubes can effectively recover metals and increase market value. The determination of activation energy for thermal processing of phosphors by thermo-gravimetric and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy provides crucial information for phosphor recycling.
RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Troy K. Astarte
Summary: This paper explores different approaches to handling concurrency from 1955 to 1985 in various computing cultures. While the machinic culture used system programs called "monitors" for synchronization, the algorithmic culture introduced Dijkstra's semaphores to address the complexity. The structured programming culture aimed to embody the new programming view through the co-produced "monitor" using conditional critical regions and Dijkstra's secretaries.
MINDS AND MACHINES
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Rasmus R. Petersen, Jakob Konig, Niels Iversen, Martin B. Ostergaard, Yuanzheng Yue
Summary: In this study, cathode ray tube (CRT) panel glass was processed into glass foams using carbon and Mn3O4 as foaming agents. The foaming ability and mechanism were investigated by adjusting the composition and temperature. The reaction between carbon and Mn3O4 was found to be the main source of melt expansion, with CO2 as the main gaseous product during foaming process. The study also revealed that carbon load significantly affects the foaming process, with low carbon load suitable for achieving low density foams with closed pores.
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Jozef Iwaszko, Malgorzata Lubas, Maciej Sitarz, Monika Zajemska, Adrian Nowak
Summary: The study demonstrates the feasibility of using waste glass cullet from CRTs in the vitrification of asbestos-cement materials, leading to the production of a harmless product with higher hardness and lower ion leachability. The presence of heavy metals in the vitrified product, sourced from the CRT cullet, indicates effective utilization of both types of waste. Overall, this process not only provides a practical solution for waste management but also has positive environmental implications by reducing electronic waste in landfills.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Enrico Bernardo, Hamada Elsayed, Anna Mazzi, Giulia Tameni, Salvatore Gazzo, Loredana Contrafatto
Summary: This study aimed to improve the sustainability of volcanic ash conversion into inorganic polymers by activating fine powders of volcanic ash with low molarity NaOH solutions and waste glass powders. The resulting porous glass-ceramics exhibited remarkable strength-to-density ratio. Foams with excellent strength-to-density ratio were also obtained through thermal transformation of highly porous cold consolidated materials.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Wenyi Yuan, Zebing Wu, Qingbin Song, Qing Huang, Chenglong Zhang, John C. Crittenden
Summary: This research developed a mechanochemical reduction method to effectively recover lead from waste CRT funnel glass and improve the lead recovery rate. By mechanochemical ball milling with aluminum, lead ion in CRT funnel glass was transformed into nano-sized element lead, which was then separated from the solution using hydrochloric acid leaching. The formation of nano-sized Pb and the structural changes of leaded CRT funnel glass during the mechanochemical reduction process contributed to an significant improvement in lead recovery.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Beriham Basha, Mine Kirkbinar, Khadijah Mohammedsaleh Katubi, Erhan Ibrahimoglu, Fatih Caliskan, I. O. Olarinoye, Halil Arslan, Sultan J. Alsufyani, M. S. Al-Buriahi
Summary: This study examines the shielding properties of CRT screen glass and Bi2O3 mixtures for radiation protection, and identifies TVS-Bi20 as a low-cost, transparent, and environmentally safe glass shield material.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Shadia Moazzem, Lijing Wang, Fugen Daver, Enda Crossin
Summary: This study highlights the environmental impact and benefits of apparel recycling compared to landfilling. Results show that landfilling natural fiber apparel waste has more environmental credit than synthetic fiber apparel, credited from landfill methane gas captured. Recycling cleaning wipes has the highest impact benefits, followed by cotton fiber, insulation material, and polyester raw material recycling. Increased collection of apparel by recyclers can significantly reduce environmental impact.
RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xinran Guo, Shaohong Peng, Liwang Jiang, Xiaoning Mo, Yunhong Zhu, Yang Liu, Kaihan Cai, Qingbin Song
Summary: Improper disposal of e-waste can lead to environmental pollution and human health risks due to the release of high concentrations of PBDEs. However, recycling waste electronic plastics using solvent processes can help reduce these risks. This study focused on the recycling of HIPS from waste TV sets using d-limonene and n-propanol as solvent and precipitant, respectively. The research investigated the relationship between precipitation conditions and the size of precipitate particles, as well as the effect of these conditions on the removal percentage of PBDEs. The results showed that specific conditions, such as lower HIPS concentration, lower precipitation temperature, higher mass ratio of n-propanol to HIPS solution, and greater stirring speed, can promote the formation of smaller and more uniform precipitate particles, thereby improving the removal percentage of PBDEs.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
N. N. M. Pauzi, R. Hamid, M. Jamil, M. F. M. Zain
Summary: This study investigated the potential of using melted-spherical CRT funnel glass as aggregate in concrete, which was found to decrease Pb leaching rate and ASR expansion. A mixture of melted-spherical glass and crushed CRT glass could achieve a high CRT concrete strength, suggesting opportunities in recycling CRT glass as aggregate.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Anesthesiology
Reka Nemes, Szabolcs Lengyel, Gyorgy Nagy, David R. Hampton, Martyn Gray, J. Ross Renew, Edomer Tassonyi, Bela Fulesdi, Sorin J. Brull
Summary: This clinical study compared acceleromyography-based TOF-Watch SX and EMG-based TetraGraph in monitoring neuromuscular responses, finding that the EMG monitor showed higher precision, greater repeatability, and was a better indicator of adequate recovery from neuromuscular block and readiness for safe tracheal extubation compared to the acceleromyography monitor.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Wen-Hong Liu, Hung-An Chang, Hao-Tang Jhan, Chih-Cheng Lin, Li-Shu Chen, Chung-Lun Liu, Kuo-Huan Ting
Summary: This study investigated the conditions of abandoned, lost, discarded fishing gear (ALDFG) in natural and artificial reef zones and proposed suggestions for managing and reducing ALDFG. The results showed that large-mesh gillnets were the main type of ALDFG in natural reef areas. It is recommended that citizen scientists and ocean education be utilized for fishery co-management in Penghu.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Z. A. Alrowaili, Mine Kirkbinar, Erhan Ibrahimoglu, Faith Caliskan, Nada S. Alruwaili, M. Elhadi, I. O. Olarinoye, Halil Arslan, M. S. Al-Buriahi
Summary: In this study, waste cathode ray tube screen glass doped with Li2O and Y2O3 was investigated for its physical properties, structural definition, and radiation and neutron shielding competence. The addition of Li2O + Y2O3 improved hardness, density, and charged particle shielding ability of the glass-ceramic system. The prepared glass ceramics also showed an enhanced ability to absorb fast and thermal neutrons, making them suitable for environmental friendly radiation shielding.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Maria Sokolova, Manuel Cordova, Henk Nap, Aloysius Van Helmond, Michiel Mans, Arjan Vroegop, Angelo Mencarelli, Gert Kootstra
Summary: Efficient acquisition and processing of vast amounts of information are essential for sustainable management of aquatic resources and compliance monitoring of fishing activities. This study presented a system that utilized image-based documentation to detect and predict the weight of discards on the conveyor belt. The proposed integrated pipeline achieved high detection and weight prediction accuracy, with macro F1-score of 94.10% and weighted F1-score of 93.88%, respectively. The new dataset provided in this study contains fish images, weight measurements, and occlusion levels, which is valuable for further research in object detection.
ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Florin Nenciu, Iustina Stanciulescu, Horia Vlad, Andrei Gabur, Ovidiu Leonard Turcu, Tiberiu Apostol, Valentin Nicolae Vladut, Diana Mariana Cocarta, Constantin Stan
Summary: Food waste generation is causing significant issues worldwide and research is being conducted on a novel composting technology to address these challenges. By analyzing retail-store waste, the difficulties of waste management and the characteristics of discarded waste were identified. The proposed composting technology showed high efficiency in removing pathogens and seeds, reducing waste mass by 88%, and effectively processing food.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zhen Chen, Jiang-Shan Li, Dongxing Xuan, Chi Sun Poon, Xiao Huang
Summary: This study aimed to find a cost-effective and safe washing method to reduce the potential harmful effects of municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash (MSWIBA) in disposal and recycling. The research found that wastewater treatment was the most effective solution in reducing emissions of heavy metals and chemicals, with the help of stable crystalline substances and chemical reactions. This study provides important solutions for waste disposal and recycling.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Ocean
Guang-Hua Cai, Yi-Fan Zhou, Chi Sun Poon, Jiang-Shan Li
Summary: The use of a quicklime-GGBS binder can effectively stabilize natural marine sediment with high water content and improve its mechanical properties. The sediment stabilized by quicklime-GGBS has low water content and higher compressive strength compared to sediment stabilized by PC.
MARINE GEORESOURCES & GEOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Yangyang Zhang, Yanjie Sun, Peiliang Shen, Jianxin Lu, Yamei Cai, Chi Sun Poon
Summary: The use of seawater in concrete production is becoming increasingly attractive in marine and coastal engineering, where freshwater and river sand are limited. This study investigates the effects of using seawater as both mixing and curing water on the properties of Portland cement pastes. The results show that using seawater increases the ettringite content, reduces Friedel's salt content, and leads to the formation of magnesium hydroxide crystals. The incorporation of sodium ions from seawater into the calcium silicate hydrate gel structure results in shorter silica chains and increased nanopore volume. Seawater also increases ion transport rate, but the blocking effect of the formed crystals decreases the rate. The changes in hydration products potentially influence strength development.
MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Keke Sun, Hafiz Asad Ali, Dongxing Xuan, Jiaxing Ban, Chi Sun Poon
Summary: This study utilized APC residues and solid sodium silicate as activators to prepare alkali-activated materials, discussing their impact on mechanical properties and reaction mechanisms. Results showed that APC residues reduced early compressive strength but improved later strength, and reduced drying shrinkage when incorporated. Various crystalline materials were detected in the alkali-activated slag/GP after the addition of APC residues.
CEMENT & CONCRETE COMPOSITES
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Guang-Hua Cai, Yi-Fan Zhou, Jiang -Shan Li, Li-Jun Han, Chi Sun Poon
Summary: This study investigates the impact of quicklime proportions on the mechanical behavior and microstructure of a binder. The results show that the hydration heat and exothermic peaks increase with the quicklime proportion.
CEMENT & CONCRETE COMPOSITES
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Yanjie Sun, Jian-Xin Lu, Peiliang Shen, Chi Sun Poon
Summary: The hydration kinetics of C3S pastes mixed with NaCl solutions were investigated, and the results showed that NaCl accelerated the reaction rate and modified the morphology of hydration products.
CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Jian-Xin Lu, Hafiz Asad Ali, Yi Jiang, Xiwen Guan, Peiliang Shen, Peiyuan Chen, Chi Sun Poon
Summary: Improving energy conservation and promoting waste recycling can help reduce CO2 emissions. This study developed a green high-performance lightweight concrete (HPLC) with good thermal insulation. The HPLC was made from lightweight microspheres and sustainable ultra high-performance concrete (UHPC) containing waste glass. The use of glass cullet in UHPC resulted in mechanical decrement, but the addition of glass powder improved workability and mechanical properties. The incorporation of glass aggregates, powder, and lightweight microspheres in UHPC significantly enhanced thermal insulation performance. The developed HPLC exhibited low density, excellent mechanical properties, and would be suitable for energy efficient buildings and long-span lightweight structures.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Long Li, Jianxin Lu, Peiliang Shen, Keke Sun, Lance Edric Lou Pua, Jianzhuang Xiao, Chi Sun Poon
Summary: This study investigates the effects of using recycled fine aggregate (RFA) and carbonated recycled fine aggregate (CRFA) on the properties of alkali-activated slag and glass powder mortar (AASGM). The results show that the use of RFA increases the flow value and compressive strength of AASGM, while the use of CRFA has the opposite effect. This is due to the different reaction mechanisms between RFA/CRFA and sodium silicate.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Keke Sun, Hafiz Asad Ali, Weiyi Ji, Jiaxing Ban, Chi Sun Poon
Summary: This paper investigates the potential application of water washing pre-treatment to improve the utilization of air pollution control (APC) residues in alkali-activated materials (AAMs). The results show that water washing can effectively remove sulfates from the residues, while higher liquid to solid ratios are required for the removal of heavy metals and chlorides. The AAMs prepared with washed residues exhibit higher compressive strength and lower leaching of heavy metals.
RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Phoebe Tin-wai Wong, Wallace Wai-lok Lai, Chi-sun Poon
Summary: This paper presents a method for evaluating rebar corrosion in reinforced concrete using ground penetrating radar (GPR) and machine learning (ML). The method categorises different corrosion phases based on analysis of GPR data and the shape of rebar reflection. The results demonstrate high accuracy and low false alarm rate.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Zhao Wang, Sarah Abduljabbar Yaseen, Koichi Maekawa, Christopher K. Leung, Chi Sun Poon, Zongjin Li
Summary: This paper presents a comprehensive study on the material performance of seawater fly ash cement paste. The study explores the possibility of using seawater and sea sand as alternative raw materials for concrete components. The results from experiments and simulations show that seawater fly ash cement paste can achieve desired material performance, providing guidance for practical applications.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Liang Chen, Yuying Zhang, Claudia Labianca, Lei Wang, Shaoqin Ruan, Chi Sun Poon, Yong Sik Ok, Daniel C. W. Tsang
Summary: This study demonstrates the use of biochar in cement-bonded particleboards to achieve carbon-negative results and showcases the good performance of biochar cement particleboards. Additionally, high dosage of biochar significantly reduces CO2 emissions from the particleboards and generates economic profits.
Correction
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Le Fang, Liping Li, Qiming Wang, Jiang-shan Li, Chi Sun Poon
WASTE DISPOSAL & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Le Fang, Liping Li, Qiming Wang, Jiang-shan Li, Chi Sun Poon
Summary: This study investigated the effect of different types of recovered phosphate fertilizers on plant growth, and verified their agronomic effectiveness. The results showed that the recovered phosphate fertilizers greatly facilitated plant growth and demonstrated comparable or even superior effects to traditional fertilizers.
WASTE DISPOSAL & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Cai Guang-hua, Zhou Yi-fan, Poon Chi Sun, Li Jiang-shan
Summary: The study investigates the use of an environment-friendly binder, a blend of quicklime and ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS), for the stabilization of marine sediment at high water content. Compared to Portland cement (PC), the quicklime-GGBS stabilized sediment shows differences in volume shrinkage, water content, density, and unconfined compressive strength. The findings suggest that the combination of GGBS with little quicklime has the potential to replace PC in stabilizing natural sediment.
ROCK AND SOIL MECHANICS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Xiaojian Liu, Bei Wang, Yayun Ma, Xiangyang Zhou, Juan Yang, Yuehui He, Jingjing Tang, Fanyun Su, Wan Yang
Summary: This study proposes a combined process of reduction roasting of herb-medicine residue and oxalic acid leaching to improve the recovery efficiency of lithium from spent lithium-ion batteries. By utilizing the reducing gas produced from the pyrolysis of herb-medicine residue, the layered structure of the cathode powder is destroyed and converted into Li2CO3, Ni, Co, and MnO. Additionally, selective extraction of lithium is achieved using oxalic acid, and the efficiency and kinetics of lithium extraction are improved under the combined action of herb-medicine residue and oxalic acid.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Muxina Konarova, Nuno Batalha, Gabriel Fraga, Mohamed H. M. Ahmed, Steven Pratt, Bronwyn Laycock
Summary: This study presents a proof of concept for a technology that integrates PET recovery from mixed plastic waste and plastic pyrolysis. By depolymerizing PET into TPA using a low volatility oil as medium, it achieves low-pressure operation and a selective separation and recovery of TPA from the product mix. Full PET conversion and high TPA recovery were achieved, making it an effective solution for processing mixed waste streams and improving the yield and quality of liquid product from thermal pyrolysis compared to untreated feedstock.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Zhenhua Sun, Jing Li, Xuejiang Wang, Siqing Xia, Jianfu Zhao
Summary: This study investigated the influence of in-situ formed MgFe2O4 on the hydrothermal treatment of swine manure. The results showed that the in-situ formation of MgFe2O4 improved the dehydration and decarboxylation of organic components in swine manure, thereby improving its carbonization degree. Furthermore, it enhanced the stabilization of heavy metals and the retention of phosphorus. MgFe2O4 modified hydrochars exhibited remarkable adsorption capacity for Pb(II) and Cu(II) without any leaching of heavy metals.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yijing Jiang, Boyang Leng, Jingxin Xi
Summary: The increased generation of municipal solid waste has had a significant impact on the economy, environment, and public health. The current waste treatment process has limitations. By developing a comprehensive social costing model, this study assesses the impacts of municipal solid waste management throughout its life cycle and provides policymakers with best practices and feasibility information.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Marina Hernandes de Paula e Silva, Ricardo Coser Mergulha, Jose Geraldo Vidal Vieira, Andrea Brasco Pampanelli, Rodrigo Salvador, Diogo Aparecido Lopes Silva
Summary: This study developed and implemented a self-assessment tool to assist companies in decision-making processes for establishing circular flows based on Lean Manufacturing and Circular Economy principles. The tool utilized a maturity model and was applied to nine companies of varying characteristics. The findings revealed that certain companies showed higher maturity in water-waste and chemical-emissions management, with larger enterprises focusing on these strategies. However, many companies lacked sufficient training and employee awareness prior to seeking cleaner alternatives, and comprehensive actions to manage the product lifecycle were lacking. To address these gaps, the tool provided tailored recommendations for each company to improve their processes, products, and value chain.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Gamze Dogdu, Turgay Pekdemir, Sanaz Lakestani, Seyda Karabork, Osman Cavus
Summary: This paper presents data on food waste associated with mini size food packaging services, highlighting the difficulties in emptying the food and consumer wastefulness as the main causes. These findings have significant implications for the sustainability of food and relevant packaging.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Qingxia Li, Xin Kong, Yuxin Chen, Jianan Niu, Jia Jing, Jin Yuan, Yifeng Zhang
Summary: This study investigates how to enhance methane production from food waste after hydrothermal pretreatment. The results demonstrate a significant increase in methane yield when zero-valent iron and magnetite are used together, and high organic loading is favorable for methane production. Microbial diversity analysis further reveals the dominant pathways and metabolic processes involved in methane generation.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
D. H. H. Sim, I. A. W. Tan, L. L. P. Lim, E. T. Lau, B. H. Hameed
Summary: The development of controlled-release fertilizer formulation is important for preventing environmental pollution caused by nutrient leaching and volatilization. This study combined biochar-based fertilizer with encapsulation technology to improve the nutrient release mechanism. Optimal conditions for synthesizing urea-impregnated biochar (UIB) were determined using central composite design, and the release of nitrogen was described by mathematical models. Results showed that encapsulated UIB (EUIB) achieved complete release of nitrogen in water and exhibited improved water retention in sandy-textural soil. Therefore, EUIB derived from peppercorn waste has the potential to be used as a sustainable controlled-release fertilizer for agriculture.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yuchuan Wang, Neslihan Akdeniz
Summary: Incorporating biochar into composting systems can increase compost temperatures. This study developed a heat transfer model for a biochar-amended co-composting system and found that biochar increased thermal conductive losses but also enhanced microbial activity, resulting in an overall increase in total heat unit. When biochar was applied on the surface, it mainly functioned as an insulator.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
George Tsalis, Birger Boutrup Jensen, Jessica Aschemann-Witzel
Summary: This paper empirically explores the relationship between retail price promotions and household food waste. The results show that households with a higher proportion of discount food purchases and environmental awareness tend to waste less food, while larger households and those lacking food handling skills tend to waste more food.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Lukas Friederici, Arne Koch, Patrick Martens, Jana Pantzke, Sebastiano Di Bucchianico, Thorsten Streibel, Christopher P. Rueger, Ralf Zimmermann
Summary: The increasing demand for lightweight materials has led to a rise in fiber-reinforced plastic (FRP) production. However, the properties and compositional range of FRPs pose challenges to recycling strategies. Pyrolysis has emerged as a promising method for separating the fibers from the polymer matrix. This study investigated the pyrolysis process using thermal analysis and high-resolution mass spectrometry, and also assessed the toxicity of the recovered fibers using an in vitro model.
Review
Engineering, Environmental
Devika Kannan, Shakiba Khademolqorani, Nassibeh Janatyan, Somaieh Alavi
Summary: This paper introduces Smart Waste Management (SWM) that applies Industry 4.0 technologies in waste management. A framework called SWM4.0 is developed, which highlights the importance of smart people, smart cities, smart enterprises, and smart factories in achieving successful waste management. The paper also suggests future research directions and managerial implications.
