Article
Ophthalmology
Sotiris Plainis, Sophia Panagopoulou, W. Neil Charman
Summary: The study found that the amplitude of accommodation decreases linearly with age as complete presbyopia is approached, while the slope of the response/stimulus curve also decreases. Pupil size decreases with age but continues to constrict. Ocular spherical aberration is linearly related to accommodation response and decreases with age.
OPHTHALMIC AND PHYSIOLOGICAL OPTICS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Sapir Soker-Elimaliah, Aviva Lehrfield, Samuel R. Scarano, Jennifer B. Wagner
Summary: The pupil light reflex (PLR) is a well-studied index of autonomic functioning, which shows slower and weaker responses in autistic individuals compared to non-autistic peers. Altered autonomic control and sensory difficulties are associated with autistic traits. This study examined the PLR and autistic traits in non-autistic individuals and found that restricted and repetitive behaviors were associated with a weaker and slower PLR in adults, but no such association was found in children. Differences in PLR were also found across different age groups.
FRONTIERS IN HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Taisuke Eto, Michihiro Ohashi, Kotaro Nagata, Nakyeong Shin, Yuki Motomura, Shigekazu Higuchi
Summary: Our study found that children have higher lens transmittance, especially in the short wavelength region, compared to adults. Children also have significantly larger pupil sizes than adults. Non-visual photoreception in children is greater than in adults, which corresponds to the greater magnitude of melatonin suppression in children compared to adults.
OPHTHALMIC AND PHYSIOLOGICAL OPTICS
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Emmanuel B. Alabi, Trefford L. Simpson
Summary: Noxious corneal stimulation leads to a dose-dependent increase in accommodative response, but not in pupil response. Accommodation increases as the corneal apical stimulus intensity increases, regardless of the type of stimulation (mechanical or chemical), while pupil response remains consistent across different stimulus intensities. There is no difference in accommodative response between left and right eyes for both mechanical and chemical stimulation.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OPTOMETRY
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Yanjun Chen, Scott Hetzel, Alex A. Pinto, Adam J. Paulsen, Carla R. Schubert, Laura M. Hancock, Barbara E. Klein, Natascha Merten, Karen J. Cruickshanks
Summary: This study evaluated the association between pupil light reflex (PLR) and cognition in community-dwelling middle-aged and older individuals. The results showed a significant correlation between pupil reactivity and cognition, suggesting the potential of PLR as a biomarker of brain aging.
AGING CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Sijia Zhao, Yajie Liu, Kunlin Wei
Summary: Attentional control is impaired in individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), and this impairment may be related to dysregulation in the locus ceruleus-norepinephrine (LC-NE) system. Research has shown that children with ASD have difficulties in attention habituation and phasic response, particularly to stimuli containing social information. These impairments are correlated with the severity of ASD symptoms.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
He Zhao, Hao Wang, Minfang Zhang, Chuanhuang Weng, Yong Liu, Zhengqin Yin
Summary: This study successfully isolated ipRGC-driven pupil responses in patients with advanced retinitis pigmentosa (RP) using chromatic pupillometry. The findings show that ipRGC responses gradually become the main driver of pupil contraction in more advanced cases of RP. These findings are expected to contribute to evaluating and screening candidates for novel therapies.
FRONTIERS IN HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Sierra Sparks, Joana Pinto, Genevieve Hayes, Manuel Spitschan, Daniel P. Bulte
Summary: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a major cause of dementia, and its prevalence is increasing. The pupillary light response (PLR) has been linked to AD, but most studies focus on diagnosed patients rather than those at higher risk. It is important to determine if the PLR is impaired before an AD diagnosis is made. Many AD risk factors have direct relationships with changes in the PLR, while others have shown links to impairments in the parasympathetic nervous system.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Gunhild Falleth Sandvik, Svend Rand-Hendriksen, Liv Drolsum, Olav Kristianslund
Summary: The study found significant differences in pupillary response in patients with Marfan syndrome, including smaller pupil size, slower contraction velocities, and longer re-dilation times. Despite a negative correlation between maximum pupillary diameter and straylight value, the pupillary response could not explain the increased disability glare in these patients.
ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nathan Van der Stoep, M. J. Van der Smagt, C. Notaro, Z. Spock, M. Naber
Summary: Pupillometry plays a crucial role in multisensory integration research, but the nature of multisensory pupil responses remains contradictory. Studies have found that multisensory pupil responses can be additive even when RT data indicate multisensory integration.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Maria Rosa Bufo, Marco Guidotti, Cindie De Faria, Yassine Mofid, Frederique Bonnet-Brilhault, Claire Wardak, Nadia Aguillon-Hernandez
Summary: This study compared multiple indices of the autonomic nervous system between children and adults at rest and found that children exhibited higher autonomic tone compared to adults. This may reflect a physiological state in childhood that is compatible with developmental acquisitions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
June Hee Kim, Christine Yin, Elisha P. Merriam, Zvi N. Roth
Summary: Similar to a camera aperture, the size of the pupil adjusts to the surrounding luminance. However, the pupil size is also modulated by stimulus properties and cognitive processes. This study found that different stimulus properties interact to jointly modulate pupil size independent of arousal. Furthermore, the study discovered a dissociation between task-related responses and stimulus-evoked responses, suggesting that different sources contribute independently to pupil size modulation.
Article
Ophthalmology
Tadanobu Yoshikawa, Kenji Obayashi, Kimie Miyata, Keigo Saeki, Nahoko Ogata
Summary: This study found a significant association between the severity of functional and structural glaucoma and impaired ipRGC function in glaucoma patients.
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Angel Rosa-Alcazar, Ana I. Rosa-Alcazar, Jose Luis Parada-Navas, Pablo J. Olivares-Olivares, Encarnacion Rosa-Alcazar
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the treatment of pediatric OCD, specifically looking at the impact of parent accommodation and worry on treatment outcomes, as well as the mediating role of externalizing symptoms. Results suggested that variables such as comorbid externalizing symptoms, father's worry, and mother's accommodation should be controlled for in the treatment of pediatric OCD.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sohee Jeon, Ayoung Choi, Hyunggoo Kwon
Summary: The newly developed extended-depth-of-focus AcrySof((R)) Vivity (TM) intraocular lens (IOL) shows promise in minimizing dysphotopsia, but has limitations in uncorrected near visual acuity (UNVA). A study found that pupil size is significantly associated with UNVA, suggesting that eyes with smaller pupils may benefit from UNVA.
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Rolf Elofsson, Inga Tuminaite, Ronald H. H. Kroger
JOURNAL OF MORPHOLOGY
(2015)
Article
Zoology
Rolf Elofsson, Inga Tuminaite, Ronald H. H. Kroger
JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY
(2016)
Article
Biology
Ronald Heinz Herbert Kroger, Aitor Bereber Goiricelaya
JOURNAL OF THERMAL BIOLOGY
(2017)
Article
Biology
Nele Glaser, Ronald H. H. Kroger
JOURNAL OF THERMAL BIOLOGY
(2017)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Rolf Elofsson, Ronald H. H. Kroger
JOURNAL OF MORPHOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Developmental Biology
Tomasz M. Kozlowski, Mikael Jonsson, Fredrik Ek, Roger Olsson, Ronald H. H. Kroger
Article
Biology
Christine Scholtyssek, Marie Dacke, Ronald Kroeger, Emily Baird
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Mikael Jonsson, Oystein Varpe, Tomasz Kozlowski, Jorgen Berge, Ronald H. H. Kroger
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY A-NEUROETHOLOGY SENSORY NEURAL AND BEHAVIORAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2014)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Ronald H. H. Kroger, Ola S. E. Gustafsson, Inga Tuminaite
JOURNAL OF MORPHOLOGY
(2014)
Article
Ophthalmology
Ronald H. H. Kroger
PROGRESS IN RETINAL AND EYE RESEARCH
(2013)
Article
Ophthalmology
Tomasz M. Kozlowski, Ronald H. H. Kroger
EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH
(2019)
Article
Neurosciences
Tomasz M. Kozlowski, Ronald H. H. Kroger
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Rolf Elofsson, Ronald H. H. Kroger
JOURNAL OF MORPHOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anna Balint, Attila Andics, Marta Gacsi, Anna Gabor, Kalman Czeibert, Chelsey M. Luce, Adam Miklosi, Ronald H. H. Kroeger
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2020)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Inga Tuminaite, Ronald H. H. Kroger
Summary: The study found similar morphological features of rhinarium skin across different species, but substantial differences in nerve fiber distribution pattern. Mechanosensory skin organs were found only in the ring-tailed lemur, and dog epidermal domes contained a pronounced central dermal papilla with a nerve bundle.
JOURNAL OF MORPHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Ryan P. Silk, Hanagh R. Winter, Ouria Dkhissi-Benyahya, Carmella Evans -Molina, Alan W. Stitt, Vijay K. Tiwari, David A. Simpson, Eleni Beli
Summary: This study investigates whether diabetes affects the daily rhythm of gene expression in the retina. The results show that diabetic mice exhibited phase advancement in the expression of certain genes compared to non-diabetic mice. The study also identified oxygen-sensing mechanisms and HIF1alpha as potential upstream regulators. These findings provide important insights into the development of diabetic retinopathy.
Article
Neurosciences
Krishnamachari S. Prahalad, Daniel R. Coates
Summary: Visual stimuli presented around the time of a saccade can be perceived differently by the visual system, including a reduction in the harmful impact of flankers. This study investigated the effects of microsaccades on crowded stimuli placed 20 arc minutes from the center of gaze. The findings suggest two separate pre-saccadic benefits, one that regularizes the crowding zone and another that specifically benefits microsaccade targets surrounded by tangential flankers.
Article
Neurosciences
Chandrika Ravisankar, Christopher W. Tyler, Clifton M. Schor, Shrikant R. Bharadwaj
Summary: This study revealed that less than one-third of adults with normal binocular vision were able to successfully free-fuse random-dot image pairs and identify the embedded stereoscopic shapes. The successful participants showed a dissociation of vergence and accommodative responses, while the unsuccessful ones either exhibited strong vergence and accommodation or weak vergence and strong accommodation. Task performance of the unsuccessful cluster improved significantly with pharmacological paralysis of accommodation. A minority of participants also learned to dissociate one direction of their vergence and accommodation crosslinks with repeated free-fusion trials, optimizing their task performance.