Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gabriela Alvarado, Wilhelm Salmen, Khalil Ettayebi, Liya Hu, Banumathi Sankaran, Mary K. Estes, B. V. Venkataram Prasad, James E. Crowe
Summary: The rational development of norovirus vaccine candidates requires a deep understanding of antigenic diversity and neutralization mechanisms. The study isolated and characterized human monoclonal antibodies, particularly NORO-320, which showed broad reactivity to genogroup I and II noroviruses, with strong neutralization against GII.4 infections.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Virology
Jade L. L. Teng, Ulrich Wernery, Po Chun Wong, Elaine Chan, Hwei Huih Lee, Sunitha Joseph, Ru Bai, Ying Tang, Emily Y. M. Wong, Susanna K. P. Lau, Patrick C. Y. Woo
Summary: Picobirnaviruses (PBVs) are small non-enveloped bisegmented double-stranded RNA viruses found in humans, mammals, and birds, with high sequence diversity. A study in dromedary camels in Dubai revealed high genetic diversity and prevalence of genogroup I and II PBVs.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Ilke Karayel-Hacioglu, Buket Gul, Feray Alkan
Summary: This study reports the presence of PBVs in sheep in Turkey for the first time and provides molecular characterization and epidemiological analysis of PBVs.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Viktoriya O. Samarskaya, Nadezhda Spechenkova, Irina Ilina, Tatiana P. Suprunova, Natalia O. Kalinina, Andrew J. Love, Michael E. Taliansky
Summary: The external application of dsRNA has emerged as a non-transgenic approach for crop protection. However, it has been found that externally administered dsRNA generates a non-canonical pool of sRNAs, which have different characteristics from the naturally occurring RNAi mechanism. These findings have significant implications for the application of dsRNA in crop protection.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jinfan Guo, Yangbao Ding, Fanyuan Sun, Huabo Zhou, Ping He, Jiancai Chen, Jianing Guo, Hao Zeng, Jianming Long, Zuzhang Wei, Kang Ouyang, Weijian Huang, Ying Chen
Summary: This study found that FCV strains with genogroups I and II from respiratory and enteric origins coexisted in a geographical area, and potential recombinant events between enteric and respiratory FCVs were revealed.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2022)
Review
Veterinary Sciences
Souvik Ghosh, Yashpal S. Malik
Summary: Picobirnaviruses are bisegmented double-stranded RNA viruses detected in a wide range of animal species and environmental samples. There is ongoing debate about the true host of these viruses.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Virology
Sari Maentynen, Meri M. Salomaa, Minna M. Poranen
Summary: Half a century after the discovery of Pseudomonas phage phi6, more dsRNA phages have been identified, indicating their prevalent existence in nature. Most dsRNA phages infect Pseudomonas strains and utilize bacterial receptors for cell entry. Despite high sequence diversity, a common set of genes can typically be found in dsRNA phage genomes, suggesting shared evolutionary trajectories.
Article
Immunology
Davide Di Fusco, Maria Teresa Segreto, Andrea Iannucci, Claudia Maresca, Eleonora Franze, Giulia Di Maggio, Antonio Di Grazia, Siro Boccanera, Federica Laudisi, Irene Marafini, Omero Alessandro Paoluzi, Alessandro Michenzi, Giovanni Monteleone, Ivan Monteleone
Summary: ADAR1, an RNA-editing enzyme, is down-regulated in the gut mucosa of CD patients. Inhibition of ADAR1 enhances the occurrence and development of gut inflammation in CD patients. These findings suggest that ADAR1 plays an important regulatory role in intestinal immune homeostasis, and defective ADAR1 expression may contribute to amplified pathogenic responses in CD intestinal mucosa.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuichi Someya
Summary: Noroviruses are major pathogens for nonbacterial acute gastroenteritis in humans, with GI and GII genogroups being the most prominent. Different genotypes of virus-like particles (VLPs) show distinct patterns of HBGA binding, but all strains of genogroup I commonly recognize Lewis b antigen.
Review
Virology
Dunia Asensio-Cob, Javier M. Rodriguez, Daniel Luque
Summary: Rotaviruses are non-enveloped multilayered dsRNA viruses that cause diarrheal disease in humans and animals. The viral particle consists of three protein layers enclosing the segmented dsRNA genome and transcriptional complexes. Each layer is associated with a different phase of the replication cycle, allowing the virus to control its replication by disassembling and assembling its structural proteins. This review examines recent advances in understanding the disassembly and assembly processes of rotavirus particles at the structural, molecular, and cellular levels.
Article
Immunology
Rocio Seoane, Yessica Y. Llamas-Gonzalez, Santiago Vidal, Ahmed El Motiam, Yanis Hichem Bouzaher, Danae Fonseca, Rosa Farras, Adolfo Garcia-Sastre, Jose Gonzalez-Santamaria, Carmen Rivas
Summary: Active hypusine-modified eIF5A plays a critical role in cell proliferation, differentiation, and immune response. Virus infection and double-stranded RNA viral mimic stimulation induce hypusination of eIF5A. Activation of eIF5A is crucial for the replication of various RNA viruses. Inhibiting hypusination of eIF5A may induce upregulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress marker proteins and interferon, leading to broad-spectrum antiviral activity.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alisha Chitrakar, Kristina Solorio-Kirpichyan, Eliza Prangley, Sneha Rath, Jin Du, Alexei Korennykh
Summary: Research has found that phosphorothioate DNAs (PS DNAs) can trigger the production of endogenous dsRNA, activating endo-dsRNA responses. These responses are activated by intronic and intergenic inverted retroelements (IIIR), distinct from antiviral defense programs, and do not activate traditional IFN signaling pathways.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Virology
Michael G. Berg, Kenn Forberg, Lester J. Perez, Ka-Cheung Luk, Todd V. Meyer, Gavin A. Cloherty
Summary: A divergent PBV genome was identified in a patient in Colombia with acute respiratory illness (ARI), and further screening revealed 25 additional PBV infections in hospitalized individuals. Phylogenetic analysis showed the emergence of two dominant lineages linked to the index case and Asian strains.
Article
Microbiology
Lina Aitmanaite, Aleksandras Konovalovas, Povilas Medvedevas, Elena Serviene, Saulius Serva
Summary: Saccharomyces yeasts, with killer phenotype encoded by double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) virus systems, exhibit a valuable trait for host survival. Studies have shown that viral capsid proteins play a specific role in excluding LA viruses and maintaining M viruses, suggesting the presence of generic mechanisms of Totiviridae maintenance in yeast cells.
Article
Immunology
Encheng Sun, Lianyu Huang, Xianfeng Zhang, Jiwen Zhang, Dongdong Shen, Zhenjiang Zhang, Zilong Wang, Hong Huo, Wenqing Wang, Haoyue Huangfu, Wan Wang, Fang Li, Renqiang Liu, Jianhong Sun, Zhijun Tian, Wei Xia, Yuntao Guan, Xijun He, Yuanmao Zhu, Dongming Zhao, Zhigao Bu
Summary: Recently, genotype I ASFVs have emerged in China, with SD/DY-I/21 showing low virulence, high transmissibility, mild infection onset, and chronic disease in pigs, along with causing necrotic skin lesions and joint swelling. The emergence of genotype I ASFVs presents more challenges for the control and prevention of African swine fever in China.
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2021)
Article
Virology
Marcilio Jorge Fumagalli, Luiza Antunes Castro-Jorge, William Marciel de Souza, Patrick Orestes de Azevedo, Alana Witt Hansen, Ricardo Tostes Gazzinelli, Benedito Antonio Lopes da Fonseca, Fernando Rosado Spilki, Luiz Tadeu Moraes Figueiredo
Summary: The emergence of the Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2 has raised concerns about vaccine effectiveness. However, this study found that the Delta variant is still neutralized effectively by antibodies produced from CoronaVac or ChAdOx1 vaccination, indicating the importance of vaccination even for individuals previously infected by the Gamma variant.
Article
Microbiology
Willian P. Paim, Fabricio S. Campos, Samuel P. Cibulski, Camila M. Scheffer, Caroline Tochetto, Ana P. M. Varela, Dennis M. Junqueira, Fabiana Q. Mayer, Phyllis C. Romijn, Edviges M. Pituco, Ana C. Franco, Fernando R. Spilki, Paulo M. Roehe
Summary: In this study, we report the complete genome sequences of two subtype c strains of bovine alphaherpesvirus 5 isolated from cattle in southeast Brazil. Limited information is currently available on subtype c.
MICROBIOLOGY RESOURCE ANNOUNCEMENTS
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Mariana Soares da Silva, Juliana Schons Gularte, Meriane Demoliner, Alana Witt Hansen, Fagner Henrique Heldt, Micheli Filippi, Cristiane Borba Luckmann, Vyctoria Malayhka de Abreu Goes Pereira, Rodrigo de Almeida Vaucher, Victor dos Santos Barboza, Janice Luehring Giongo, Raquel Borba Rosa, Evelise Tarouco da Rocha, Bruno Kilpp Goulart, Fernanda dos Santos Fernandes, Juliana Maciel Pinto, Leandro Pergher Bolzan, Marta Maria Medeiros Frescura Duarte, Matheus Nunes Weber, Paula Rodrigues de Almeida, Juliane Deise Fleck, Fernando Rosado Spilki
Summary: A potentially new variant derived from the B.1.1.28 lineage was detected in travelers crossing the Brazil-Argentina border, representing an important peak of B.1.1.28 in RS state with a decreased frequency of the Gamma variant during the same period.
TRAVEL MEDICINE AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Virology
Andressa Taiz Hoffmann, Mariana Soares da Silva, Juliana Schons Gularte, Alessandro Comaru Pasqualotto, Jose Luiz Proenca Modena, Alana Witt Hansen, Claudio Marcel Berdun Stadnik, Teresa Cristina Teixeira Sukienik, Meriane Demoliner, Fagner Henrique Heldt, Micheli Filippi, Vyctoria Malayhka de Abreu Goes Pereira, Cristiani Gomes de Marques, Ionara Ines Kohler, Daniela Muller De Quevedo, Fernando Rosado Spilki
Summary: In this molecular epidemiology study, the occurrence and transmission dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 in outbreaks and local transmission chains were analyzed in a large tertiary teaching hospital in southern Brazil. Different lineages and sublineages were observed among patients in the same room. Most patients showed clinical manifestations, suspicions, and diagnostic confirmation within 7-14 days or >14 days after hospital admission. The average duration of contact between patients and confirmed cases of COVID-19 in the same environment was 6.28 days. The study site experienced a complete replacement of variant of concern (VOC) Gamma by VOC Delta from August 2021. Although nosocomial infections were indicated by epidemiological analysis, genomic sequencing confirmed different origins for most hospital outbreaks. These findings emphasize the importance of integrating epidemiological and genomic data to identify potential routes of viral entry and dissemination.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Micheli Filippi, Mariene Ribeiro Amorim, Mariana Soares da Silva, Juliana Schons Gularte, Meriane Demoliner, Viviane Girardi, Vyctoria Malayhka de Abreu Goes Pereira, Alana Witt Hansen, Juliane Deise. Fleck, Julia Frohlich, Fernanda de-Paris, Grazielle Motta Rodrigues, Janaina Aparecida Risczik Arruda Correa, Elissandra Machado Arlindo De Mattos, Rodrigo Minuto Paiva, Caroline Deutschendorf, Frederico Soares Falcetta, Jose Luiz Proenca Modena, Fernando Rosado Spilki
Summary: In this study, a case of a child with severe combined immunodeficiency and prolonged severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection was reported. The amino acid changes present in naso-oropharyngeal swab samples collected between August and December 2021 were analyzed to examine the emergence of new viral variants. Genomic surveillance using high throughput sequencing proved to be a useful tool in assessing possible evolution signals in long-term patients.
PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Viviane Girardi, Juliana Schons Gularte, Meriane Demoliner, Mariana Soares da Silva, Micheli Filippi, Vyctoria Malayhka de Abreu Goes Pereira, Alana Witt Hansen, Raquel Borba Rosa, Juliane Deise Fleck, Fernando Rosado Spilki
Summary: In this study, a case of infection by the BA.1.1 sublineage followed by reinfection with the BA.2 sublineage was described in an individual from Southern Brazil. The two episodes of COVID-19 were caused by divergent VOC Omicron sublineages. This case represents the shortest reinfection period reported so far.
BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Vivaldo Gomes da Costa, Ana Julia Chaves Gomes, Cintia Bittar, Dayla Bott Geraldini, Pamela Joyce Previdelli da Conceicao, agata Silva Cabral, Tamara Carvalho, Joice Matos Biselli, Paola Jocelan Scarin Provazzi, Guilherme Rodrigues Fernandes Campos, Paulo Ricardo da Silva Sanches, Paulo Inacio Costa, Mauricio Lacerda Nogueira, Joao Pessoa Araujo Jr, Fernando Rosado Spilki, Marilia Freitas Calmon, Paula Rahal
Summary: In the non-COVID-19 era, non-SARS-CoV-2 respiratory viral infections, such as influenza virus and human respiratory syncytial virus, significantly contributed to the burden of infectious diseases. This study found that the prevalence of influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus was higher in the SARS-CoV-2-negative group than in the SARS-CoV-2-positive group. Therefore, non-SARS-CoV-2 respiratory viral infections should not be neglected during the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Victor dos Santos Barboza, William Borges Domingues, Thobias Toniolo de Souza, Tiago Veiras Collares, Fabiana Kommling Seixas, Bruna Silveira Pacheco, Fernanda Severo Sabedra Sousa, Thais Larre Oliveira, Marcelo de Lima, Claudio Martin Pereira de Pereira, Fernando Rosado Spilki, Janice Luehring Giongo, Rodrigo de Almeida Vaucher
Summary: This study evaluated the performance of the reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay for detecting SARS-CoV-2 in healthcare workers and compared it with the real-time reverse-transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) method. The results showed that the RT-LAMP method was effective in diagnosing SARS-CoV-2 infection in healthcare workers. A total of 100 clinical specimens from symptomatic and asymptomatic healthcare workers in Pelotas, Brazil were tested, and the E gene and N gene primers detected SARS-CoV-2 in 96.7% of the tested healthcare workers.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY PLUS
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Derek B. de Amorim, Paula R. Ribeiro, Marcele B. Bandinelli, Joanna V. Z. Echenique, Matheus V. Bianchi, Paula R. Almeida, Fernando R. Spilki, Leticia F. Baumbach, Luciana Sonne
Summary: This study reports a rare case of B-cell small lymphocytic lymphoma (B-SLL) found in a South American sea lion. The main pathological features of this case included poor body condition, generalized lymphadenomegaly, severe and diffuse splenomegaly, and multiple nodules in the kidneys and small intestine. Histological examination showed that these organs were partially or totally replaced by neoplastic lymphocytes with varying sizes and shapes, and a low mitotic count. These cells were immunolabeled positive for CD79 alpha and CD20, and negative for CD3.
DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS
(2023)
Article
Virology
Juliana Schons Gularte, Livia Sacchetto, Meriane Demoliner, Viviane Girardi, Mariana Soares da Silva, Micheli Filippi, Vyctoria Malayhka de Abreu Goes Pereira, Alana Witt Hansen, Luana Leticia da Silva, Juliane Deise Fleck, Paula Rodrigues de Almeida, Mauricio Lacerda Nogueira, Fernando Rosado Spilki
Summary: In this study, the genetic diversity of the dengue virus circulating in southern Brazil during an outbreak in 2022 was monitored and characterized through next-generation sequencing. The results provided important information for managing outbreaks and controlling viral dissemination in the region.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Paulo Augusto Esteves, Odir Antonio Dellagostin, Tamir Calcagnotto da Silva, Fernando Rosado Spilki, Alessandra D. Avila Silva, Eber Acacio Stodutto Oliveira, Ana Claudia Franco, Silvia Hubner, Claudio Chiminazzo, Claudio Wageck Canal, Fabricio Souza Campos, Paulo Michel Roehe
Summary: To avoid crossreactivity in seroprevalence studies, a new ELISA method (ELISA-gC1) was developed to detect antibodies to BoAHV1. The test showed 100% sensitivity and high specificity, allowing for the identification of BoAHV1-positive cattle without crossreactivity with BoAHV5 antibodies. This ELISA method is valuable for determining the prevalence of BoAHV1 and supporting BoAHV5 epidemiological studies.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS
(2023)
Article
Virology
Ueric Jose Borges de Souza, Ygor da Silva Miranda Macedo, Raissa Nunes dos Santos, Franciano Dias Pereira Cardoso, Jucimaria Dantas Galvao, Evgeni Evgeniev Gabev, Ana Claudia Franco, Paulo Michel Roehe, Fernando Rosado Spilki, Fabricio Souza Campos
Summary: The state of Tocantins in Brazil has experienced a significant number of cases of arboviral disease, particularly Dengue virus. Full genome sequencing of viral genomes recovered from patients revealed the circulation of different genotypes of Dengue virus in the state. Younger age groups were mostly affected, and there were no significant differences in gender distribution. This study highlights the importance of major population centers in Brazil in virus dispersion.
Article
Parasitology
Tatiana Schaffer Gregianini, Richard Steiner Salvato, Regina Bones Barcellos, Fernanda Marques Godinho, Amanda Pellenz Ruivo, Viviane Horn de Melo, Julio Augusto Schroder, Fernanda Leticia Martiny, Erica Bortoli Mollmann, Catia Favreto, Ludmila Fiorenzano Baethgen, Vithoria Pompermaier Ferreira, Livia Eidt de Lima, Claudia Fasolo Piazza, Tais Raquel Marcon Machado, Irina Marieta Becker, Raquel Rocha Ramos, Guilherme Carey Froelich, Alana Fraga Rossetti, Lucas da Cunha Almeida, Tahiana Machado Antunes Rodrigues, Isabella Tabelli Braganca, Aline Alves Scarpellini Campos, Veronica Bau Manzoni, Lais Ceschini Machado, Luisa Maria Inacio da Silva, Andre Luiz Sa de Oliveira, Marcelo Henrique Santos Paiva, Zenaida Marion Alves Nunes, Paula Rodrigues de Almeida, Meriane Demoliner, Juliana Schons Gularte, Mariana Soares da Silva, Micheli Filippi, Vyctoria Malayhka de Abreu Goes Pereira, Fernando Rosado Spilki, Ana Beatriz Gorini da Veiga, Gabriel Luz Wallau
Summary: Chikungunya is a mosquito-borne virus that has caused large outbreaks in the Americas since 2014. In Brazil, different genotypes have been detected and led to outbreaks in several states. In the southernmost state of Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, the CHIKF burden has been increasing due to introductions and transmission of distinct lineages of the ECSA genotype.
MEMORIAS DO INSTITUTO OSWALDO CRUZ
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Meriane Demoliner, Micheli Filippi, Juliana Schons Gularte, Mariana Soares da Silva, Paula Rodrigues de Almeida, Vyctoria Malayhka de Abreu Goes Pereira, Fagner Henrique Heldt, Fernando Rosado Spilki
Summary: New viruses of the Picornavirales order, including the human stool-associated RNA virus (husavirus [HuV]), have been discovered through high-throughput sequencing. However, there is still much unknown about HuV, such as its cellular host and evolutionary history. In this study, a HuV genome with 8,846 bp was identified for the first time in Southern Brazil, showing significant differences from Brazilian strains but high similarity with genomes from China, Vietnam, Venezuela, and the Netherlands. Further research and sequencing are necessary to improve our understanding of HuV and its unknown origin within the Picornavirales order.
REVISTA DO INSTITUTO DE MEDICINA TROPICAL DE SAO PAULO
(2023)
Article
Virology
Talita B. Machado, Agnello C. R. Picorelli, Bruna L. de Azevedo, Isabella L. M. de Aquino, Victoria F. Queiroz, Rodrigo A. L. Rodrigues, Joao Pessoa Araujo Jr, Leila S. Ullmann, Thiago M. dos Santos, Rafael E. Marques, Samuel L. Guimaraes, Ana Claudia S. P. Andrade, Juliana S. Gularte, Meriane Demoliner, Micheli Filippi, Vyctoria M. A. G. Pereira, Fernando R. Spilki, Mart Krupovic, Frank O. Aylward, Luiz-Eduardo Del-Bem, Jonatas S. Abrahao
Summary: Giant viruses with their gigantic genomes have sparked great interest, but the process of how these genomes evolved remains unclear. This study discovered a cedratvirus with the largest genome ever described, and identified gene duplication as a key mechanism driving genome expansion in giant viruses.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Mohamed S. H. Hassan, Ahmed Ali, Motamed Elsayed Mahmoud, Danah Altakrouni, Shahnas M. Najimudeen, Mohamed Faizal Abdul-Careem
Summary: This study compared the efficacy of different vaccination programs against Canadian DMV/1639 IBV and found that the autogenous inactivated DMV/1639 vaccine was more effective in reducing viral loads and boosting virus neutralization titers. Both vaccination programs provided significant protection against pathological effects.
Article
Virology
Wanda Christ, Jonas Klingstrom, Janne Tynell
Summary: The integrated stress response (ISR) is activated in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, triggering translational arrest and inhibiting stress granule formation. However, the stress-responsive transcription factors ATF4 and CHOP are not induced. Different SARS-CoV-2 variants show variant-specific differences in ISR activation, suggesting potential impacts on pathogenesis and treatment strategies.
Article
Virology
Xiao Han, Hankun Xu, Yifan Weng, Rong Chen, Jidong Xu, Tong Cao, Renjie Sun, Ying Shan, Fang He, Weihuan Fang, Xiaoliang Li
Summary: Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) can inhibit the host innate immunity by decreasing the level of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), and CSFV Npro can evade host antiviral immune response through upregulating HMGB1 acetylation.
Article
Virology
Sunjian Lyu, Fulei Xiong, Tianpeng Qi, Weifeng Shen, Qi Guo, Mingming Han, Li Liu, Weishao Bu, Julin Yuan, Bao Lou
Summary: This study identified and characterized a novel temperate A. hydrophila phage, P05B, which has strong lytic ability and stability across different temperatures and pH values.
Article
Virology
Siyuan Liu, Wei Chen, Raphael Nyaruaba, Shunlong Wang, Cihan Yang, Qun Wu, Ying Liu, Puyu Liu, Fei Wang, Jingling Wang, Zhiming Yuan, Dingwei Sun, Han Xia
Summary: Specific, sensitive, and reliable RT-qPCR assays for the detection of OYAV and EBIV have been successfully developed in this study. These assays hold great promise for their potential application in clinical and field samples in the future.
Article
Virology
Rui Wang, Qiang Sun, Jinbo Xiao, Congcong Wang, Xiaoliang Li, Jichen Li, Yang Song, Huanhuan Lu, Ying Liu, Shuangli Zhu, Zhijun Liu, Yong Zhang
Summary: Coxsackievirus A6 (CVA6) has emerged as an important agent causing hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD). Mutations in residue 64 of the virus have been found to increase resistance to ribavirin and decrease sensitivity to guanidine hydrochloride. This mutation also leads to increased replication fidelity and reduced pathogenicity. These findings provide a foundation for the development of a safe and effective live attenuated CVA6 vaccine.
Article
Virology
Yao Xiong, Keran Ma, Xiao Zou, Yantao Liang, Kaiyang Zheng, Tiancong Wang, Hong Zhang, Yue Dong, Ziyue Wang, Yundan Liu, Hongbing Shao, Andrew Mcminn, Min Wang
Summary: This study isolated a novel virus, vB_VviC_ZQ26, infecting Vibrio cyclitrophicus from coastal waters near Qingdao, China. It was found that vB_VviC_ZQ26 belongs to a new vibriophage-specific family, Coheviridae, and is mainly found in temperate and tropical epipelagic zones.
Article
Virology
Xing Li, Zhiping Ye, Ewan P. Plant
Summary: By analyzing clinical and cultured samples using the same bioinformatic pipeline, it was found that 5' copyback DVGs are prevalent in human clinical samples but not in cultured samples. Furthermore, there are differences in DVG production and composition between in vivo and in vitro infections.
Article
Virology
Shreya Banerjee, Rakesh Sarkar, Arpita Mukherjee, Suvrotoa Mitra, Animesh Gope, Mamta Chawla-Sarkar
Summary: Rotavirus is a major cause of viral gastroenteritis in infants and continues to be a severe issue in underdeveloped nations. Recent research has shown that a long non-coding RNA called SLC7A11-AS1 is upregulated during rotavirus infection and plays a role in facilitating the virus's propagation by regulating intracellular glutathione and lipid peroxidation.
Article
Virology
Eiichi Hondo, Tetsufumi Katta, Ayato Sato, Naoya Kadofusa, Tomoki Ishibashi, Hiroshi Shimoda, Hirokazu Katoh, Atsuo Iida
Summary: Bat-borne emerging viruses, such as the Ebola virus and Nipah virus, pose a significant threat to public health. In this study, we identified micafungin as a potential antiviral drug against Pteropine orthoreovirus (PRV) and found that it inhibits viral release in human cells through activating the endoplasmic reticulum stress response pathway. This research provides valuable insights into the development of effective treatments for future virus pandemics.
Article
Virology
M. Joubert, N. van den Berg, J. Theron, V. Swart
Summary: This study investigated the host gene expression in asymptomatic avocado nursery trees infected with Avocado sunblotch viroid (ASBVd) using RNA sequencing. The results showed that 631 genes were differentially expressed during infection, with 63% upregulated. ASBVd infection significantly affected plant defence responses, phytohormone networks, gene expression pathways, secondary metabolism, cellular transport, as well as protein modification and degradation. This study provides insights into the molecular interactions underlying avsunviroid-host interactions.
Article
Virology
Wanling Zhang, Haiyan Yang, Zhengyun Liu, Shengyu Wang, Tianyang Chen, Hong Song, Yunbin Xu, Fajin Li, Guo Luo, Huan Wang
Summary: EV71 infection leads to changes in mitochondrial morphology and dynamics in human neuroblastoma cells, resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction that may contribute to nervous system dysfunction.
Article
Virology
Mikhail Oliveira Leastro, Elliot Watanabe Kitajima, Vicente Pallas, Jesus Angel Sanchez- Navarro
Summary: This study reports the construction and validation of an infectious cDNA clone of Citrus leprosis virus C (CiLV-C) based on an agroinfection system. Agro-injected Nicotiana benthamiana plants showed localized lesions similar to the natural infection process. The virus recovered from the infected plant tissue could be mechanically transmitted between plants. The CiLV-C reverse genetic system provides a powerful molecular tool for unraveling the peculiarities of the citrus leprosis pathosystem.
Article
Virology
Manel Essaidi-Laziosi, Francisco J. Perez-Rodriguez, Catia Alvarez, Pascale Sattonnet-Roche, Giulia Torriani, Meriem Bekliz, Kenneth Adea, Matthias Lenk, Tasnim Suliman, Wolfgang Preiser, Marcel A. Mueller, Christian Drosten, Laurent Kaiser, Isabella Eckerle
Summary: This study found that the Omicron variant has different replication characteristics compared to other variants of concern, being able to efficiently produce infectious virus in nasal cells but not lung cells. In addition, the Delta and Omicron variants showed increased infection efficiency in A549 cells. These findings suggest that the variants of concern have better adaptation to humans but do not have an extended host range.
Article
Virology
Martin Faye, Modeste Name Faye, Babacar Ndiaye, Moussa Moise Diagne, Safietou Sankhe, Ndeye Marieme Top, Amadou Diallo, Cheikh Loucoubar, Ndongo Dia, Amadou Alpha Sall, Ousmane Faye
Summary: Genomic surveillance in Senegal since March 2020 has detected the emergence of Omicron BA.4 and BA.5 sublineages in June 2022. Next-generation sequencing and phylogeny analysis of isolates from a cluster of cases in Northern Senegal in July 2022 revealed that the BA.4 cases originated from a XAS recombinant, marking the first reported sequence of this variant from Senegal. Continuous genomic surveillance of positive SARS-CoV-2 samples is crucial.
