Article
Immunology
Ann Kathrin Ahrens, Hans-Christoph Selinka, Thomas C. Mettenleiter, Martin Beer, Timm C. Harder
Summary: Mallards are a globally abundant migratory bird species and play an important role in the transmission of avian influenza viruses. This study investigates the role of small shallow water bodies in the spread of the virus among mallards and suggests that surface water in these areas may serve as a mediator for AIV infection.
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Roberto Navarro-Lopez, Wanhong Xu, Ninnet Gomez-Romero, Lauro Velazquez-Salinas, Yohannes Berhane
Summary: The H7N3 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus has been persisting in Mexican poultry since 2012 and its detection has expanded to 18 states in Mexico. This study used a phylogenetic approach to uncover the transmission pathways of the 2022 H7N3 HPAIVs in Northern Mexico. The results identified different genetic backgrounds and highlighted the importance of biosafety measures and active surveillance in controlling and eliminating the virus.
Review
Immunology
Poulami Basu Thakur, Victoria J. Mrotz, Taronna R. Maines, Jessica A. Belser
Summary: Ferrets serve as a valuable model for studying influenza virus and bacterial pathogens, both individually and in coinfection scenarios. By utilizing the ferret model, scientists can gain insights into the dynamic interactions between these pathogens, which can contribute to the prevention and treatment of diseases.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Virology
Miria F. Criado, Christina M. Leyson, Sungsu Youk, Suzanne DeBlois, Tim Olivier, Mary Lea Killian, Mia L. Torchetti, Darren J. Parris, Erica Spackman, Darrell R. Kapczynski, David L. Suarez, David E. Swayne, Mary J. Pantin-Jackwood
Summary: The study found that the H7N3 HPAIV had high infectivity and pathogenicity in turkeys, while its transmission and infectivity in chickens were lower. On the other hand, the H7N3 LPAIVs showed higher infectivity and transmissibility in turkeys compared to chickens, requiring higher virus doses to infect the latter.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Koen van de Ven, Josien Lanfermeijer, Harry van Dijken, Hiromi Muramatsu, Caroline Vilas Boas de Melo, Stefanie Lenz, Florence Peters, Mitchell B. Beattie, Paulo J. C. Lin, Jose A. Ferreira, Judith van den Brand, Debbie van Baarle, Norbert Pardi, Jorgen de Jonge
Summary: This study evaluated a novel T cell-inducing nucleoside-modified messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine that encoded conserved proteins of an H1N1 influenza virus, and found that it induced broadly reactive T cells and enhanced protection against potential influenza viruses.
Article
Microbiology
Asha Kumari Verma, Manoj Kumar, Harshad Murugkar, Shanmugasundaram Nagarajan, Chakradhar Tosh, Pushpendra Namdeo, Rupal Singh, Suman Mishra, Subbiah Kombiah, Senthilkumar Dhanapal, Vijendra Pal Singh
Summary: This study investigated the potential of H9N2 avian influenza virus to cause disease and intra-species transmission in house crows. The results showed that although crows became infected with the H9N2 virus, transmission to the in-contact group was inefficient. However, the virus was excreted through oral and cloacal swabs from infected crows, suggesting a potential threat for inter-species transmission, including humans.
Letter
Immunology
Joanna A. Pulit-Penaloza, Jessica A. Belser, Nicole Brock, Poulami Basu Thakur, Terrence M. Tumpey, Taronna R. Maines
Summary: This study evaluated the pathogenicity and transmissibility of a highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus using a ferret model and examined its replication kinetics in human respiratory tract cells.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Virology
Christina M. Leyson, Miria F. Criado, Sungsu Youk, Mary J. Pantin-Jackwood
Summary: This study investigated within-host viral diversity in turkeys and chickens infected with avian influenza viruses (AIVs). The findings suggest that low pathogenicity AIVs have higher iSNV diversities and frequencies of nonsynonymous changes compared to high pathogenicity AIVs.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rory D. de Vries, Katharina S. Schmitz, Francesca T. Bovier, Camilla Predella, Jonathan Khao, Danny Noack, Bart L. Haagmans, Sander Herfst, Kyle N. Stearns, Jennifer Drew-Bear, Sudipta Biswas, Barry Rockx, Gael McGill, N. Valerio Dorrello, Samuel H. Gellman, Christopher A. Alabi, Rik L. de Swart, Anne Moscona, Matteo Porotto
Summary: The lipopeptide fusion inhibitors designed effectively blocked the critical first step of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Daily intranasal administration to ferrets prevented transmission completely, showcasing potential as safe and effective prophylaxis for reducing SARS-CoV-2 transmission.
Article
Virology
Ying Huang, Amanda L. Skarlupka, Hyesun Jang, Uriel Blas-Machado, Nathan Holladay, R. Jeffrey Hogan, Ted M. Ross
Summary: This study investigates the coinfection of SARS-CoV-2 and seasonal influenza viruses using ferret models. The coinfection in immunologically naive ferrets leads to more severe symptoms and easier transmission of the seasonal influenza virus through direct contact. Vaccination significantly reduces the viral load and the duration of viral shedding, and protects against severe morbidity induced by coinfection.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Brianna L. Bullard, Jennifer DeBeauchamp, Matthew J. Pekarek, Erika Petro-Turnquist, Peter Vogel, Richard J. Webby, Eric A. Weaver
Summary: There is a critical need for an improved H3N2 influenza virus vaccine due to low efficacy rates and increased morbidity and mortality associated with H3N2-dominated influenza seasons. In this study, a computational design strategy was used to create epitope-optimized, broadly cross-reactive H3 hemagglutinins for a universal H3N2 influenza vaccine. The results showed that the Epigraph vaccine induced stronger cross-reactive antibody responses and T-cell immunity compared to the traditional egg-based vaccine, providing higher protection against a wide range of H3N2 strains.
Article
Microbiology
Kim M. Pepin, Clinton B. Leach, Nicole L. Barrett, Jeremy W. Ellis, Kaci K. Vandalen, Colleen T. Webb, Susan A. Shriner
Summary: This study investigated the transmission mechanisms of influenza A viruses by experimentally infecting mallards and found that viral concentration in water was a better predictor of transmission. The study provides quantification of transmission probability and emphasizes the importance of environmental and risk-based surveillance planning.
Review
Microbiology
Jiantao Yu, Qiucheng Yao, Jing Liu, Yan Zhou, Miaotong Huo, Ye Ge
Summary: The H3-subtype of avian influenza virus is a common low pathogenic subtype in birds and fowls, causing economic loss to the poultry industry and posing a threat to public health. However, there is inadequate monitoring and lack of effective prevention and control measures for this subtype.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Thuy-Tien Thi Trinh, Indira Tiwari, Kaliannan Durairaj, Bao Tuan Duong, Anh Thi Viet Nguyen, Hien Thi Tuong, Vui Thi Hoang, Duong Duc Than, SunJeong Nam, Seon-Ju Yeo, Hyun Park
Summary: The study evaluated the genetic and mutational analysis of the H7N3 avian influenza virus isolated from spot-billed ducks in South Korea in 2019, showing that it belonged to the typical low-pathogenicity virus with potential mutations to become highly pathogenic and infect humans.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Avishai Lublin, Nikki Thie, Irina Shkoda, Luba Simanov, Gila Kahila Bar-Gal, Yigal Farnoushi, Roni King, Wayne M. Getz, Pauline L. Kamath, Rauri C. K. Bowie, Ran Nathan
Summary: Avian influenza viruses pose a global threat to animal and human health. This study isolated H4N6 for the first time in Israel, emphasizing the importance of continuous monitoring of migratory birds in understanding virus transmission.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Virology
Lucas M. Ferreri, Ginger Geiger, Brittany Seibert, Adebimpe Obadan, Daniela Rajao, Anice C. Lowen, Daniel R. Perez
Summary: Influenza A viruses constantly evolve and crucial steps in the infection cycle can either promote or hamper the emergence of new variants. This study examined the evolutionary dynamics of H9N2 variant viruses in quails, specifically focusing on the role of the HA 216 amino acid position in receptor recognition. The findings suggest that positive selection drives the evolution of the HA gene and influences the fixation of variants in non-HA segments within and between hosts. The molecular signature at HA 216 also modulates transmission bottlenecks, highlighting the importance of receptor usage in viral diversity.
Article
Virology
Jens H. Kuhn, Scott Adkins, Sergey Alkhovsky, Tatjana Avsic-Zupanc, Maria A. Ayllon, Justin Bahl, Anne Balkema-Buschmann, Matthew J. Ballinger, Martina Bandte, Martin Beer, Nicolas Bejerman, Eric Bergeron, Nadine Biedenkopf, Laurent Bigarre, Carol D. Blair, Kim R. Blasdell, Steven B. Bradfute, Thomas Briese, Paul A. Brown, Remy Bruggmann, Ursula J. Buchholz, Michael J. Buchmeier, Alexander Bukreyev, Felicity Burt, Carmen Buettner, Charles H. Calisher, Thierry Candresse, Jeremy Carson, Inmaculada Casas, Kartik Chandran, Remi N. Charrel, Yuya Chiaki, Anya Crane, Mark Crane, Laurent Dacheux, Elena Dal Bo, Juan Carlos de la Torre, Xavier de Lamballerie, William M. de Souza, Rik L. de Swart, Nolwenn M. Dheilly, Nicholas Di Paola, Francesco Di Serio, Ralf G. Dietzgen, Michele Digiaro, J. Felix Drexler, W. Paul Duprex, Ralf Duerrwald, Andrew J. Easton, Toufc Elbeaino, Koray Ergunay, Guozhong Feng, Claudette Feuvrier, Andrew E. Firth, Anthony R. Fooks, Pierre B. H. Formenty, Juliana Freitas-Astua, Selma Gago-Zachert, Maria Laura Garcia, Adolfo Garcia-Sastre, Aura R. Garrison, Scott E. Godwin, Jean-Paul J. Gonzalez, Joelle Gouy de Bellocq, Anthony Grifths, Martin H. Groschup, Stephan Gunther, John Hammond, Jussi Hepojoki, Melanie M. Hierweger, Seiji Hongo, Masayuki Horie, Hidenori Horikawa, Holly R. Hughes, Adam J. Hume, Timothy H. Hyndman, Daohong Jiang, Gilda B. Jonson, Sandra Junglen, Fujio Kadono, David G. Karlin, Boris Klempa, Jonas Klingstrom, Michel C. Koch, Hideki Kondo, Eugene Koonin, Jarmila Krasova, Mart Krupovic, Kenji Kubota, Ivan Kuzmin, Lies Laenen, Amy J. Lambert, Jianrong Li, Jun-Min Li, Francois Liefrig, Igor S. Lukashevich, Dongsheng Luo, Piet Maes, Marco Marklewitz, Sergio H. Marshall, Shin-Yi L. Marzano, John W. McCauley, Ali Mirazimi, Peter G. Mohr, Nick J. G. Moody, Yasuaki Morita, Richard N. Morrison, Elke Muhlberger, Rayapati Naidu, Tomohide Natsuaki, Jose A. Navarro, Yutaro Neriya, Sergey Netesov, Gabriele Neumann, Norbert Nowotny, Francisco M. Ochoa-Corona, Gustavo Palacios, Laurane Pallandre, Vicente Pallas, Anna Papa, Sofa Paraskevopoulou, Colin R. Parrish, Alex Pauvolid-Correa, Janusz T. Paweska, Daniel R. Perez, Florian Pfaf, Richard K. Plemper, Thomas S. Postler, Francoise Pozet, Sheli R. Radoshitzky, Pedro L. Ramos-Gonzalez, Marius Rehanek, Renato O. Resende, Carina A. Reyes, Victor Romanowski, Dennis Rubbenstroth, Luisa Rubino, Artemis Rumbou, Jonathan A. Runstadler, Melanie Rupp, Sead Sabanadzovic, Takahide Sasaya, Heike Schmidt-Posthaus, Martin Schwemmle, Torsten Seuberlich, Stephen R. Sharpe, Mang Shi, Manuela Sironi, Sophie Smither, Jin-Won Song, Kirsten M. Spann, Jessica R. Spengler, Mark D. Stenglein, Ayato Takada, Robert B. Tesh, Jana Tesikova, Natalie J. Thornburg, Nicole D. Tischler, Yasuhiro Tomitaka, Keizo Tomonaga, Noel Tordo, Kenta Tsunekawa, Massimo Turina, Ioannis E. Tzanetakis, Anna Maria Vaira, Bernadette van den Hoogen, Bert Vanmechelen, Nikos Vasilakis, Martin Verbeek, Susanne von Bargen, Jiro Wada, Victoria Wahl, Peter J. Walker, Anna E. Whitfeld, John Williams, Yuri Wolf, Junki Yamasaki, Hironobu Yanagisawa, Gongyin Ye, Yong-Zhen Zhang, Arnfnn Lodden Okland
Summary: This article presents the updated taxonomy of Negarnaviricota, including the addition of new families, genera, and species, renaming and moving of species, and correction of misspelled names as accepted by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV).
ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Laura Klenow, Rageia Elfageih, Jin Gao, Hongquan Wan, Stephen G. Withers, Jan-Willem de Gier, Robert Daniels
Summary: Influenza A viruses and pneumococci both express neuraminidases that catalyze release of sialic acid residues. The enzymatic properties of neuraminidases from both pathogens were compared, and it was found that they have evolved similar yet distinct strategies to optimize their catalytic activity.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ketaki Ganti, Anish Bagga, Silvia Carnaccini, Lucas M. Ferreri, Ginger Geiger, C. Joaquin Caceres, Brittany Seibert, Yonghai Li, Liping Wang, Taeyong Kwon, Yuhao Li, Igor Morozov, Wenjun Ma, Juergen A. Richt, Daniel R. Perez, Katia Koelle, Anice C. Lowen
Summary: This study investigates the intra-host dynamics of influenza virus reassortment and finds that reassortment is prevalent in swine, ferrets, and guinea pigs, but less frequent in swine. Tissue-specific differences in reassortment are observed in ferrets, with more reassortants detected in the nasal tract compared to the lower respiratory tract. The study also highlights the impact of spatial compartmentalization on the evolution and transmission of viral variants.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Daniel Stadlbauer, Meagan McMahon, Hannah L. Turner, Xueyong Zhu, Hongquan Wan, Juan Manuel Carreno, George O'Dell, Shirin Strohmeier, Zain Khalil, Marta Luksza, Harm van Bakel, Viviana Simon, Ali H. Ellebedy, Ian A. Wilson, Andrew B. Ward, Florian Krammer
Summary: The H3N2 influenza viruses circulating since 2016 have acquired a glycosylation site in the neuraminidase near the active site. However, this glycosylation does not significantly impact the binding and function of broadly reactive monoclonal antibodies.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Lucia Ortiz, Ginger Geiger, Lucas Ferreri, David Moran, Danilo Alvarez, Ana Silvia Gonzalez-Reiche, Dione Mendez, Daniela Rajao, Celia Cordon-Rosales, Daniel R. Perez
Summary: Despite increased surveillance efforts, the epidemiology of FLUAVs circulating in swine in Latin America remains understudied. The study conducted active FLUAV surveillance on a commercial pig farm in Southern Guatemala for 2 years and identified a unique group of H1N1 pdm09 sequences that suggest independent evolution from similar viruses circulating in Central America. These viruses may represent the establishment of a novel genetic lineage with the potential to reassort with other cocirculating viruses and whose zoonotic risk remains to be determined.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chung-Young Lee, Vedhika Raghunathan, C. Joaquin Caceres, Ginger Geiger, Brittany Seibert, Flavio Cargnin Faccin, L. Claire Gay, Lucas M. Ferreri, Drishti Kaul, Jens Wrammert, Gene S. Tan, Daniel R. Perez, Anice C. Lowen
Summary: The HA stem region of the influenza virus is a key target for universal influenza vaccines. This study explores the fitness effects of viral escape from stem-binding broadly neutralizing antibodies (stem-bnAbs) and identifies a second-site mutation that reduces these fitness costs. The results suggest a mechanism of epistasis in the influenza virus, wherein modulating the efficiency of attachment eases evolutionary constraints imposed by the requirement for membrane fusion.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Virology
Lucia Ortiz, Ginger Geiger, Lucas Ferreri, David Moran, Dione Mendez, Ana Silvia Gonzalez-Reiche, Danilo Alvarez, Mayra Motta, Francisco Escobar, Daniela Rajao, Celia Cordon-Rosales, Martha I. Nelson, Daniel R. Perez
Summary: Wild aquatic birds serve as the natural hosts for various subtypes of influenza A viruses, including H14 FLUAVs. Since 2011, H14 FLUAVs have been consistently detected in Guatemala, primarily in blue-winged teal samples. A recent study analyzed new H14 FLUAV genome sequences from Guatemala and found that they belong to a distinct lineage evolving independently from the Eurasian lineage. Mutations in the H14 HA segments were also observed, particularly at the cleavage site, which may have unknown effects on the virus.
Editorial Material
Biology
Arturo Barbachano-Guerrero, Daniel R. Perez, Sara L. Sawyer
Summary: The H3N2 canine influenza virus, originating from birds, is undergoing evolution to increase its transmissibility among dogs.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Lucas M. Ferreri, Silvia Carnaccini, Valeria Olivera, Ariel Pereda, Daniela Rajao, Daniel R. Perez
Summary: This study evaluated the adaptability of an H4N2 influenza A virus from the South American lineage to chickens. After a few passages, the virus acquired five mutations, resulting in enhanced infectivity in ex vivo trachea explants but overall decreased infection in lung explants. Infection in 3-week-old chickens lasted longer and was detected in more tissues, indicating adaptation of the H4N2 influenza A virus to chickens.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Martin E. Baumdick, Annika Niehrs, Frauke Degenhardt, Maria Schwerk, Ole Hinrichs, Ana Jordan-Paiz, Benedetta Padoan, Lucy H. M. Wegner, Sebastian Schloer, Britta F. Zecher, Jakob Malsy, Vinita R. Joshi, Christin Illig, Jennifer Schroeder-Schwarz, Kimberly J. Moeller, Maureen P. Martin, Yuko Yuki, Mikki Ozawa, Juergen Sauter, Alexander H. Schmidt, Daniel Perez, Anastasios D. Giannou, Mary Carrington, Randall S. Davis, Udo Schumacher, Guido Sauter, Samuel Huber, Victor G. Puelles, Nathaniel Melling, Andre Franke, Marcus Altfeld, Madeleine J. Bunders
Summary: The study identified HLA-DP401 as a risk haplotype and HLA-DP301 as a protective haplotype for UC in European populations. Higher expression of HLA-DP was observed on IECs of individuals with UC compared to controls. Interaction between HLA-DP401 and NKp44 resulted in increased damage to intestinal epithelial cells, while blocking this interaction reduced NK cell-mediated destruction in UC.
Article
Virology
Andres F. Ospina-Jimenez, Arlen P. Gomez, Maria A. Rincon-Monroy, Lucia Ortiz, Daniel R. Perez, Mario Pena, Gloria Ramirez-Nieto
Summary: This study reveals for the first time the existence of antigenic diversity of FLUAV in Colombia and emphasizes the impact of spatial and temporal factors on this diversity. The results are significant for monitoring the variability and antigenic characteristics of swine influenza virus under natural conditions.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Masaru Kanekiyo, Rebecca A. Gillespie, Morgan Midgett, Katherine J. O'Malley, Connor Williams, Syed M. Moin, Megan Wallace, Luke Treaster, Kristine Cooper, Hubza Syeda, Gwenddolen Kettenburg, Hasala Rannulu, Tabitha Schmer, Lucia Ortiz, Priscila Da Silva Castanha, Jacqueline Corry, Mengying Xia, Emily Olsen, Daniel Perez, Gabin Yun, Barney S. Graham, Simon M. Barratt-Boyes, Douglas S. Reed
Summary: Researchers have established a model of lethal H5N1 infection in macaques and found that seasonal flu vaccine has some effectiveness in combating H5N1 virus by reducing viral load in airways and improving respiratory function.
Article
Virology
David E. Hufnagel, Katharine M. Young, Zebulun W. Arendsee, L. Claire Gay, C. Joaquin Caceres, Daniela S. Rajao, Daniel R. Perez, Amy L. Vincent Baker, Tavis K. Anderson
Summary: Following the 1918 pandemic, H1N1 swine influenza became endemic in North American swine. Reassortment between introductions and the endemic classical swine lineage, along with human-to-swine transmission events and spillover of H1 viruses from wild birds, resulted in a rapid increase in genomic diversity. Through phylogenetic analysis, antigenic drift assessment, and identification of reassortment events, this study provides insights into the evolution and circulation of N1 genes in North American swine.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
David E. Stallknecht, Alinde Fojtik, Deborah L. Carter, Jo Anne Crum-Bradley, Daniel R. Perez, Rebecca L. Poulson
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence of immune response to influenza A virus (IAV) in migrating mallards in Northwest Minnesota. The results showed a high level of previous infection with IAV early in the fall migration season and a broadening of the antibody response with age. The findings suggest the importance of population immunity in waterfowl populations and the potential for the establishment of introduced IAV.
VETERINARY SCIENCES
(2022)