Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anton S. Shakhov, Irina B. Alieva
Summary: The endothelium plays a key role in the transcytosis of lipoproteins. Vimentin, as a main protein of endothelial intermediate filaments, is involved in cell polarization, migration, and control over endothelial cell functions. Vimentin also serves as an indicator of cardiovascular system state and participates in the development of atherosclerosis.
Article
Virology
Lauren E. Bunke, Clairine I. S. Larsen, Jessica N. Pita-Aquino, Isabella K. Jones, Kinjal Majumder
Summary: Parvoviruses use host proteins for efficient replication in host cells, and this study reveals that the autonomous parvovirus MVM depends on the host DNA repair protein MRE11 for replication. This finding has significant implications for understanding the pathogenesis of this virus.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Afrooz Dabbaghizadeh, Alexandre Pare, Zacharie Cheng-Boivin, Robin Dagher, Sandra Minotti, Marie-Josee Dicaire, Bernard Brais, Jason C. Young, Heather D. Durham, Benoit J. Gentil
Summary: Autosomal Recessive Spastic Ataxia of the Charlevoix Saguenay (ARSACS) is a genetic disease caused by mutation in the SACS gene, resulting in loss of function of the protein sacsin. The SacsJ domain of sacsin plays a key role in regulating the neurofilament (NF) and vimentin intermediate filament (IF) networks in cells.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bhuvanasundar Renganathan, James P. Zewe, Yuan Cheng, Jean-Michel Paumier, Mark Kittisopikul, Karen M. Ridge, Puneet Opal, Vladimir I. Gelfand
Summary: Gigaxonin acts as an adaptor protein for E3 ubiquitin ligase and is essential for ubiquitination and degradation of intermediate filament (IF) proteins. Mutations in the GAN gene, which encodes gigaxonin, cause giant axonal neuropathy characterized by abnormal accumulation of IFs. This study shows that loss of gigaxonin inhibits IF transport along microtubules by the motor protein kinesin-1, leading to abnormal IF distribution.
Article
Virology
Clairine I. S. Larsen, Kinjal Majumder
Summary: Minute Virus of Mice (MVM) is an autonomous parvovirus that replicates in mouse and human cells. It localizes to cellular sites of DNA damage through the help of its non-structural phosphoprotein NS1. The localization is dependent on ATR signaling but independent of ATM or DNA-PK signaling.
Review
Cell Biology
Karen M. Ridge, John E. Eriksson, Milos Pekny, Robert D. Goldman
Summary: This review discusses the essential functions of vimentin intermediate filaments (IFs) revealed from studies of Vim(-/-) mice and cells derived from them. It has been found that Vim(-/-) mice and their organs, tissues, and cells exhibit various phenotypes, frequently reflecting altered responses in tissue recovery. Cell-based experiments have confirmed the critical role of vimentin IFs in regulating cell mechanics.
GENES & DEVELOPMENT
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Yue Zhang, Zeyu Wen, Xuemeng Shi, Yan-Jun Liu, John E. Eriksson, Yaming Jiu
Summary: Vimentin plays crucial roles in viral infections by facilitating virus entry and replication, as well as potentially inhibiting virus egress and participating in host cell defense. Understanding the functions and regulation of vimentin in the virus life cycle is important for identifying novel antiviral targets.
JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Elvira Infante, Sandrine Etienne-Manneville
Summary: Cell migration is a dynamic process crucial for the development of multicellular organisms and immune system responses. The cytoskeletal component known as intermediate filaments plays a key role in cell migration by integrating mechanical properties and signaling functions.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Ranu Surolia, Veena B. Antony
Summary: This review discusses the role of vimentin intermediate filaments beyond being a marker for epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), focusing on their role as regulators of host-pathogen interactions and signaling pathways in the pathophysiology of various lung diseases.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Xueyu Wang, Zhiqiang Wei, Tingyu Lan, Yulin He, Bin Cheng, Ruimin Li, Hongxia Chen, Fahong Li, Guohua Liu, Bin Jiang, Yong Lin, Mengji Lu, Zhongji Meng
Summary: CCDC88A/GIV enhances HBV replication by increasing endosomal trafficking and reducing autophagic degradation of HBV antigens. This suggests that CCDC88A/GIV-mediated endosomal trafficking plays a significant role in HBV replication and progeny secretion.
Article
Virology
Shuang Yang, Lixin Zhou, Nelly Pante
Summary: Rodent parvoviruses (PVs), including minute virus of mice (MVM), have the potential to be effective anti-cancer agents. This study investigated the molecular mechanism by which PVs enter the cell nucleus and found that myristoylation of a specific MVM protein and a chymotrypsin-like activity are essential for the virus to disrupt the nuclear envelope and enter the nucleus. These findings provide new insights for the development of PV-based anti-cancer therapies.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yue Zhang, Shuangshuang Zhao, Yian Li, Fengping Feng, Min Li, Yanhong Xue, Jie Cui, Tao Xu, Xia Jin, Yaming Jiu
Summary: The study reveals the important role of intermediate filament protein vimentin in Zika virus infection, influencing viral replication and production. Vimentin regulates the organization of cellular structure and RNA binding, thus modulating the process of viral replication.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Virology
Renuk Lakshmanan, Joshua A. Hull, Luke Berry, Matthew Burg, Brian Bothner, Robert McKenna, Mavis Agbandje-McKenna
Summary: This study reveals the structural dynamics of B19V VP1u under conditions that mimic different pH values. The receptor-binding domain of VP1u exhibits an alpha-helical fold, while the PLA(2) domain exists in a molten globule state. The differences in melting temperature (T-m) at different pH values enable the virus to switch on/off the phospholipase activity during capsid trafficking. The early endosome environment is proposed as the optimal condition for endosomal escape leading to B19V infection.
Article
Microbiology
MegAnn Haubold, Jessica N. Pita Aquino, Sarah Rubin, Isabella Jones, Clairine I. S. Larsen, Edward Pham, Kinjal Majumder
Summary: This study demonstrates that the autonomous parvovirus sequesters the host DNA repair protein RPA, leading to replication stress and vulnerability to DNA breaks in the host genome. This provides insights into the mechanisms employed by single-stranded DNA viruses to amplify host-cell DNA damage.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Huayin Wu, Yinan Shen, Suganya Sivagurunathan, Miriam Sarah Weber, Stephen A. Adam, Jennifer H. Shin, Jeffrey J. Fredberg, Ohad Medalia, Robert Goldman, David A. Weitz
Summary: The cytoskeleton of eukaryotic cells consists of various filamentous proteins, including F-actin, microtubules, and intermediate filaments. Interactions between these cytoskeletal components play a crucial role in determining cell structure and function. This study investigates the interplay between F-actin and vimentin intermediate filament (VIF) networks, revealing their synergistic effects in both structure and function. These findings significantly broaden our understanding of the contributions of the cytoskeleton components, particularly the interactions between intermediate filaments and F-actin.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Virology
Naiqing Xu, Xinen Tang, Xin Wang, Miao Cai, Xiaowen Liu, Xiaolong Lu, Shunlin Hu, Min Gu, Jiao Hu, Ruyi Gao, Kaituo Liu, Yu Chen, Xiufan Liu, Xiaoquan Wang
Summary: This study found that the H9N2 subtype avian influenza virus has a high airborne transmissibility, while the H7N9 virus does not. The Hemagglutinin protein of the H9N2 virus was found to play a key role in replication, stability, and airborne transmission.
Article
Virology
Samar S. Ewies, Sabry M. Tamam, Ahmed S. Abdel-Moneim, Sherin R. Rouby
Summary: Contagious ecthyma (CE) is a highly contagious viral disease of sheep and goats worldwide. The study provided a clinical description of CE and screened for genetic variation in the B2L gene. Infected sheep exhibited anorexia and oral lesions, while inoculated chicken embryos showed pock lesions. The B2L gene was successfully amplified and found to be highly conserved.
Article
Virology
Yigal Farnoushi, Dan Heller, Avishai Lublin
Summary: In recent years, new variants of avian reovirus (ARV) have caused a variety of symptoms in chickens worldwide, including viral arthritis/tenosynovitis. This study analyzed emerging ARV variants in Israel and found significant genetic diversity. Most ARV isolates in Israel belonged to genotypic cluster 5 (GC5). The study suggests that Israel has not experienced the emergence of new ARV variants since the introduction of the live vaccine (ISR-7585), but ongoing monitoring is needed due to the continuous emergence of ARV variants.
Article
Virology
Shigeru Tajima, Michiyo Kataoka, Yuki Takamatsu, Hideki Ebihara, Chang-Kweng Lim
Summary: Yokose virus (YOKV), a bat-associated flavivirus, was found to replicate at a slower rate in mosquito cells compared to other mosquito-borne flaviviruses. Specific nucleotide mutations in the virus were identified to enhance its proliferation ability in mosquito cells.
Article
Virology
Alejandra Borjabad, Baojun Dong, Wei Chao, David J. Volsky, Mary Jane Potash
Summary: This study investigated HIV brain disease using a mouse model, and found that poly I:C can reverse associated cognitive impairment and reduce virus burden. The results also revealed transcriptional changes related to neuronal function and innate immune responses.
Article
Virology
Ching-Hung Lin, Feng-Cheng Hsieh, Meilin Wang, Chieh Hsu, Hsuan-Wei Hsu, Chun-Chun Yang, Cheng-Yao Yang, Hung-Yi Wu
Summary: This study demonstrates that the synthesis of coronavirus subgenomic mRNA is not solely determined by the sequence homology between the leader TRS and TRS-B, but also by the disassociation of the coronavirus polymerase from the viral genome. This finding provides a new insight into the transcription mechanism of coronaviruses.
Article
Virology
Nicholas S. Kron, Benjamin W. Neuman, Sathish Kumar, Patricia L. Blackwelder, Dayana Vidal, Delphina Z. Walker-Phelan, Patrick D. I. Gibbs, Lynne A. Fieber, Michael C. Schmale
Summary: Two recent studies documented the genome of a novel virus in marine animals, finding that the virus is widespread in apparently healthy animals but not highly expressed in neurons. The studies also identified viral replication factories and high levels of defective genomes in chronically infected animals.
Article
Virology
Andrew M. Ramey, Laura C. Scott, Christina A. Ahlstrom, Evan J. Buck, Alison R. Williams, Mia Kim Torchetti, David E. Stallknecht, Rebecca L. Poulson
Summary: We successfully detected and characterized highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses in hunter-harvested wild waterfowl samples from western Alaska. Genomic analysis revealed three independent viral introductions into Alaska. Our findings demonstrate the utility and potential limitations of using molecular processing approaches directly on original swab samples for viral research and monitoring.
Article
Virology
Ting Gong, Dongdong Wu, Yongzhi Feng, Xing Liu, Qi Gao, Xiaoyu Zheng, Zebu Song, Heng Wang, Guihong Zhang, Lang Gong
Summary: This study discovered that quercetin can inhibit PEDV replication both in vivo and in vitro, and alleviate the clinical symptoms and intestinal injury caused by the virus. This provides a new direction for the development of PED antiviral drugs.
Article
Virology
Min Zhu, Hao Zeng, Jianqiao He, Yaohui Zhu, Pingping Wang, Jianing Guo, Jinfan Guo, Huabo Zhou, Yifeng Qin, Kang Ouyang, Zuzhang Wei, Weijian Huang, Ying Chen
Summary: The reassortment between avian H9N2 and Eurasian avian-like (EA) H1N1 viruses may have potentially changed from avian-to-mammals adaptation. This study found that the introduction of EA H1N1 internal genes into H9N2 virus restored the replication capability and resulted in extreme virulence in some cases. This raises new concerns for public health due to the possible coexistence of H9N2 and EA H1N1 viruses in dogs.