Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Julia Tabatabai, Paul Schnitzler, Christiane Prifert, Martin Schiller, Benedikt Weissbrich, Marie von Lilienfeld-Toal, Daniel Teschner, Karin Jordan, Carsten Mueller-Tidow, Gerlinde Egerer, Nicola Giesen
Summary: This study assessed the morbidity and mortality of parainfluenza virus (PIV) infections in immunocompromised patients by analyzing PIV infections in a hematology and stem cell transplantation (SCT) unit over three years. The results showed significant morbidity and mortality of PIV infection in these patients, with the possibility of long-term viral shedding and nosocomial transmission.
Article
Biology
Benjamin Jessie, Hana M. Dobrovolny
Summary: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common contagious infection of the lungs and respiratory tract, characterized by multinuclear cells. A mathematical model was used to study the impact of syncytia on the time course of viral infection, revealing that syncytia can influence the viral titer and infection growth rate under certain conditions. The presence of syncytia in RSV infection can lead to slowly growing infections if viral production is suppressed within syncytia.
JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Alexander L. Greninger, Ksenia Rybkina, Michelle J. Lin, Jennifer Drew-Bear, Tara C. Marcink, Ryan C. Shean, Negar Makhsous, Michael Boeckh, Olivia Harder, Francesca Bovier, Shana R. Burstein, Stefan Niewiesk, Bert K. Rima, Matteo Porotto, Anne Moscona
Summary: Respiratory viruses have the ability to evolve within the respiratory tract under the selective pressure of the host environment or drug treatment. Long-term infections in immunocompromised hosts lead to viral evolution and development of infectious variants. In chronic human parainfluenza virus 3 (HPIV3) infection, mutations favoring viral entry and persistence were observed, suggesting potential evolution of viruses to alter their biophysical characteristics to persist in the face of host-directed therapeutics.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Jizong Li, Leilei Yang, Li Mao, Wenliang Li, Min Sun, Chuanmin Liu, Tao Xue, Wenwen Zhang, Maojun Liu, Bin Li
Summary: The study showed that CPIV3 infection induces apoptosis in GTE cells through activating both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. This finding provides valuable insights into the mechanisms of CPIV3-induced apoptosis in host cells, allowing for further analysis of CPIV3 infection.
VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Hirono Otomaru, Johanna Beulah T. Sornillo, Taro Kamigaki, Samantha Louise P. Bado, Michiko Okamoto, Mariko Saito-Obata, Marianette T. Inobaya, Edelwisa Segubre-Mercado, Portia P. Alday, Mayuko Saito, Veronica L. Tallo, Beatriz P. Quiambao, Hitoshi Oshitani, Alex R. Cook
Summary: This study found that the risk of RSV transmission is associated with viral load trajectory, and the first week after household exposure is a critical period for preventing virus spread, especially potential presymptomatic transmissions.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Xiangpeng Chen, Hong Wang, Qi Li, Yujie Qi, Fei Li, Wenwen He, Qiushi Wang, Fei Jin, Yanqing Guo, Mingyan Hei, Zhengde Xie
Summary: This case report describes a severe infection associated with HPIV-3, which caused sepsis and septic shock. The study demonstrates the diagnostic value of mNGS in etiological diagnosis, particularly in severe neonatal cases.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Steven Habbous, Susy Hota, Vanessa Allen, Michele Henry, Erik Hellsten
Summary: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the transmission of non-SARS-CoV-2 respiratory viruses decreased, resulting in reduced hospital admissions and emergency department visits for influenza, RSV, human metapneumovirus, human parainfluenza virus, adenovirus, rhinovirus/enterovirus, and common cold coronavirus.
Article
Virology
Qi Cheng, Wenjing Huai, Xiaoyan Wu, Mingzhou Chen
Summary: The study revealed that the P protein of HPIV3 can be sumoylated, and mutation to arginine at K492 and K532 enhances viral genome activity. However, this mutation does not affect the interactions of P with N, formation of homo-tetramers, and formation of inclusion bodies. Overall, sumoylation attenuates P function and down-regulates viral replication.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cyril Le Nouen, Christine E. Nelson, Xueqiao Liu, Hong-Su Park, Yumiko Matsuoka, Cindy Luongo, Celia Santos, Lijuan Yang, Richard Herbert, Ashley Castens, Ian N. Moore, Temeri Wilder-Kofie, Rashida Moore, April Walker, Peng Zhang, Paolo Lusso, Reed F. Johnson, Nicole L. Garza, Laura E. Via, Shirin Munir, Daniel L. Barber, Ursula J. Buchholz
Summary: This study generated a pediatric SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate using a live-attenuated parainfluenza virus vector, and evaluated its immunogenicity and protective efficacy in rhesus macaques. The vaccine induced strong mucosal and systemic immune responses, including neutralizing antibodies and T cell responses. Immunized macaques showed undetectable viral replication after challenge. The vaccine will be clinically evaluated as an intranasal vaccine for pediatric use.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Victor K. Outlaw, Ross W. Cheloha, Eric M. Jurgens, Francesca T. Bovier, Yun Zhu, Dale F. Kreitler, Olivia Harder, Stefan Niewiesk, Matteo Porotto, Samuel H. Gellman, Anne Moscona
Summary: Lower respiratory tract infections in children globally are largely caused by parainfluenza viruses (HPIVs), with no available vaccines or effective treatments against these pathogens. Research has shown that lipopeptides derived from HPIV3 F can inhibit infection, and the modification of the peptide backbone with beta-amino acid residues has resulted in improved antiviral activity and in vivo stability.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Felicia Scaggs Huang, David I. Bernstein, Karen S. Slobod, Allen Portner, Toru Takimoto, Charles J. Russell, Michael Meagher, Bart G. Jones, Robert E. Sealy, Christopher Coleclough, Kristen Branum, Michelle Dickey, Kristen Buschle, Monica McNeal, Mat Makowski, Aya Nakamura, Julia L. Hurwitz
Summary: The study demonstrated that SeVRSV vaccine was well-tolerated in healthy adults with only mild to moderate reactions and no severe adverse events. Transient vaccine genome detection was observed due to preexisting immunity towards hPIV-1 and RSV in adults. Minimal antibody responses to SeV and negligible responses to RSV F were observed.
HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Yuki Kurebayashi, Shringkhala Bajimaya, Masahiro Watanabe, Nicholas Lim, Michael Lutz, Megan Dunagan, Toru Takimoto
Summary: This study investigated the interaction of human parainfluenza viruses type 1 (hPIV1) and type 3 (hPIV3) with human airway cells. The results showed that hPIV1 infection downregulated cholesterol-related genes, induced ISGs stronger than hPIV3, and led to ubiquitination and degradation of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase, disrupting formation of cholesterol-rich lipid rafts in infected cells. These findings suggest that hPIV1 has the ability to regulate cholesterol biogenesis, which along with ISGs, contributes to the establishment of quiescent infection.
Article
Microbiology
Laurine C. Rijsbergen, Katharina S. Schmitz, Lineke Begeman, Jennifer Drew-Bear, Lennert Gommers, Mart M. Lamers, Alexander L. Greninger, Bart L. Haagmans, Matteo Porotto, Rik L. de Swart, Anne Moscona, Rory D. de Vries
Summary: This study evaluated the infection and transmission of HPIV-3 in ferrets and found that ferrets are naturally susceptible to HPIV-3 infection, but the infection is limited and does not cause overt clinical signs or ferret-to-ferret transmission.
Article
Microbiology
Aartjan J. W. te Velthuis, Tatiana G. Zubkova, Megan Shaw, Andrew Mehle, David Boltz, Norbert Gmeinwieser, Holger Stammer, Jens Milde, Lutz Mueller, Victor Margitich
Summary: Enisamium showed significant efficacy in treating viral respiratory infections, including reducing influenza virus shedding, accelerating patient recovery, and alleviating disease symptoms. The metabolite of Enisamium, VR17-04, was identified to inhibit influenza virus RNA synthesis more effectively than the parent compound, suggesting its potential as an inhibitor of influenza virus RNA polymerase in improving patient outcomes.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Olha Puhach, Benjamin Meyer, Isabella Eckerle
Summary: The viral load and presence of infectious virus in the respiratory tract are crucial factors for estimating infectiousness of SARS-CoV-2. Understanding the characteristics of viral shedding is important for public health interventions as shedding of infectious virus is necessary for onward transmission. Viral shedding is influenced by virus biology, host factors, and pre-existing immunity. Higher viral load increases the risk of human-to-human transmission.
NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Xin Qi, Chaolun Pan, Liqun Zhang, Dongmei Yue
Summary: In this study, multifunctional shape memory polymers (SMPs) are synthesized using sustainable Eucommia ulmoides gum as a raw material. These SMPs exhibit thermal-triggered one-way shape memory performance and two-way shape memory properties. They also possess good self-healing properties, shape reconfigurability, and chemical recyclability due to the dynamic nature of the boronic ester bond. Furthermore, by incorporating multiwalled carbon nanotubes, the composite shows responsiveness to near-infrared light and has potential applications in various fields.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jun Wang, Xiang Lin, Runguo Wang, Yonglai Lu, Liqun Zhang
Summary: This study presents the design and synthesis of novel thermoplastic polyurethanes with self-healing properties and photothermal effects to improve the mechanical properties of 3D printed objects. The mechanical anisotropy of the printed products can be controlled by regulating the self-healing conditions, and support-free printing and healing of damaged prints are achieved. Additionally, the materials exhibit shape-memory properties and show potential for 4D printing applications.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ziyi Zhang, Yue Fang, Qionghai Chen, Pengwei Duan, Xiaohui Wu, Liqun Zhang, Wenjie Wu, Jun Liu
Summary: Carbon black significantly improves the mechanical properties of elastomers and its reinforcing effect depends on the structure of the carbon black particles. This study used molecular dynamics simulation to investigate the relationship between the morphology of carbon black particles and the mechanical properties of elastomer nanocomposites. The results showed that the surface roughness and shape of carbon black have a significant impact on the mechanical properties of the filled rubber models.
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Review
Polymer Science
Wufan Zhao, Jing He, Peng Yu, Xueliang Jiang, Liqun Zhang
Summary: Elastomers, especially diene-rubbers, can be damaged by thermal/oxygen aging, resulting in reduced elasticity and premature failure. Antioxidants are essential to slow down the aging process and extend the service life of rubber composites. This review provides an overview of recent progress in rubber antioxidants, including their oxidation process, strategies for improving antioxidative efficiency, minimizing blooming and migration, and addressing toxicity issues. Despite extensive research, there are still unresolved scientific and technological issues, and the future trends of rubber antioxidants are discussed.
POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Xiaobo Zhai, Xin Chen, Fangyuan Zheng, Dongli Han, Junchi Zheng, Xin Ye, Xiaolin Li, Liqun Zhang
Summary: In this study, a series of low volatile organic compound (VOC) M-x-Si69 coupling agents were used to modify silica/NR nanocomposites and prepare engineering tires with lower rolling resistance and better wet slip resistance in a more environmentally friendly way. The results showed that M-1-Si69 was the best choice to achieve comprehensive optimization of the mechanical properties of the nanocomposites. Compared with Si69, M-1-Si69 coupling agent significantly reduced energy loss and improved the safety performance of engineering tires.
Article
Polymer Science
Han-Bin Wang, Hong-Chi Tian, Shi-Jia Zhang, Bing Yu, Nan-Ying Ning, Ming Tian, Li-Qun Zhang
Summary: This study designs a dual reactive compatibilizer for improving the compatibility of MVQ/PP blends. The experimental results show that the compatibilizer can significantly increase the interface thickness, decrease the average size of MVQ dispersed phase, and improve the mechanical properties of the blend.
CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Rui Zhang, Jiaye Li, Zongchao Xu, Stephen Jerrams, Shui Hu, Li Liu, Shipeng Wen, Liqun Zhang
Summary: Rapid developments in international transportation lead to increased energy and resource consumption. Minimizing rolling resistance of tires is a pressing challenge, which requires improving the interaction and dispersion of fillers. In this study, a modified graphene oxide/natural rubber composite was created by introducing a modified graphene oxide masterbatch into solution-polymerized styrene butadiene rubber. The composite exhibited superior rolling resistance, reduced energy loss, improved wear performance, and wet skid resistance, indicating a strong interface and balanced tire properties.
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Qifei Wu, Ling Liu, Junquan Meng, Shilin Liu, Jiong Hui, Xue Wang, Lin Xu, Liqun Zhang
Summary: A new strategy is proposed to improve the distribution of silica in rubber blend without using a silane coupling agent. Silica-filled epoxidized SSBR/ENR nanocomposites have better interfacial interaction and improved dispersion of silica compared to silica-filled SSBR/NR nanocomposites with Si75 as the coupling agent. The epoxy groups effectively adjust the phase selective distribution of silica. The S-ESSBR12/ENR18 nanocomposite shows the best performance, increasing wet-skid resistance by 118%, reinforcing index by 38%, abrasion resistance by 40%, and decreasing rolling resistance by 23%. These ecofriendly nanocomposites have potential application in green tire tread production.
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Hao Tian, Yangyang Gao, Liqun Zhang, Haoxiang Li, Yewei Chen, Sian Xiao, Xiuying Zhao
Summary: The study focuses on predicting the viscosity of polymer nano-composites using machine learning algorithms. Non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulation and machine learning models were used to investigate the impact of nanoparticle loading, shear rates, and temperatures on viscosity. The extreme gradient boosting model showed the highest accuracy in predicting viscosity and was used to evaluate the importance of process parameters.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Mingyuan Chao, Pengju Di, Yue Yuan, Yajin Xu, Liqun Zhang, Pengbo Wan
Summary: This work successfully develops a flexible breathable electronic sensor with excellent sensing ability, good breathability, and reliable photothermal properties. By delicately assembling conductive MXene nanosheets and silver nanowires on electrospun elastomeric substrates, the sensor achieves ultrasensitive sensing of human physiological signals and wearable human-machine interaction, as well as integrated functionalities of disease diagnosis and photothermal therapy. This research provides a simple and effective method for the development of flexible breathable multifunctional electronic sensors, which can be used for long-term healthcare monitoring, ultrasensitive wearable human-machine interfacing, smart disease diagnosis, and treatment.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Jing-Jing Ye, Long-Fei Li, Rui-Nan Hao, Min Gong, Tong Wang, Jian Song, Qing-Han Meng, Na-Na Zhao, Fu-Jian Xu, Yuri Lvov, Li-Qun Zhang, Jia-Jia Xue
Summary: The development of a nanocomposite hydrogel with rapid release of rifampicin and excellent antibacterial ability demonstrates broad-spectrum antibacterial effects, inhibiting bacterial infection and inflammatory response, while promoting wound healing.
BIOACTIVE MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Junwei He, Qionghai Chen, Jiajun Qu, Sai Li, Zuwei Fu, Yuan Wei, Shikai Hu, Anchao Feng, Liqun Zhang, Jun Liu
Summary: In this study, a facile two-step approach was used to synthesize self-healing elastomers based on dynamic oxime-carbamate bonds. The formation of hydrogen bonds and dynamic oxime-carbamate bonds was verified through molecular dynamics simulations and experimental characterization. By increasing the hard segment content, the mechanical strength of the elastomer increased while the loss factor decreased. The self-healing behavior of the elastomer was successfully demonstrated at a certain temperature, with dynamic oxime-carbamate bonds playing a more significant role than hydrogen bonds in the mechanism.
ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Chenglin Li, Yi Han, Qingyuan Du, Daming Wu, Jingyao Sun, Zhao Wang, Liqun Zhang
Summary: With the rapid development of electronic equipment and communication technology, the demand for polymer composites with high thermal conductivity and mechanical properties has increased significantly. However, its nondegradable polymer matrix will inevitably bring more and more serious environmental pollution. Therefore, it is urgent to develop biodegradable thermally conductive polymer composites. In this work, biodegradable poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) is used as the matrix material, and vacuum-assisted filtration technology is employed to prepare carbon nanotube (CNT) and cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) networks with high thermal conductivity. Then CNT-CNC/PBAT composites with high thermal conductivity and excellent mechanical properties are prepared by the ultrasonic-assisted forced infiltration method. Both experiment and simulation methods are used to systematically investigate the thermally conductive and dissipation performances of the CNT-CNC/PBAT composites. Above all, a simple alcoholysis reaction is applied to realize the separation of the PBAT matrix and functional fillers without destroying the conductive network skeleton, which makes it possible for the recycling of thermally conductive polymer composites.
Article
Polymer Science
Linru Jiang, Jingchao Li, Weizhen Zhang, Yonglai Lu, Liqun Zhang
Summary: A topological entanglement structure of molecular chains was created in silicone rubber/silica composites by introducing epoxidized silicone rubber, which significantly improved the crack propagation resistance of the composites. Adding 5 phr of 15% epoxy silicone rubber increased the tear strength and elongation at break of the silicone rubber composite by 330% and 140% respectively. This study provides a new approach for preparing silicone rubber composites with high tear resistance, expanding its application field.
EXPRESS POLYMER LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hui Xiong, Tongkui Yue, Qi Wu, Linjun Zhang, Zhengtian Xie, Jun Liu, Liqun Zhang, Jinrong Wu
Summary: Exploring side-chain interlocking in bottlebrush polymers as a dynamic network for self-healing process, this study demonstrates that materials can achieve self-healing capability in harsh environments, and also act as damping materials to dissipate vibration energy.
MATERIALS HORIZONS
(2023)
Article
Virology
Naiqing Xu, Xinen Tang, Xin Wang, Miao Cai, Xiaowen Liu, Xiaolong Lu, Shunlin Hu, Min Gu, Jiao Hu, Ruyi Gao, Kaituo Liu, Yu Chen, Xiufan Liu, Xiaoquan Wang
Summary: This study found that the H9N2 subtype avian influenza virus has a high airborne transmissibility, while the H7N9 virus does not. The Hemagglutinin protein of the H9N2 virus was found to play a key role in replication, stability, and airborne transmission.
Article
Virology
Samar S. Ewies, Sabry M. Tamam, Ahmed S. Abdel-Moneim, Sherin R. Rouby
Summary: Contagious ecthyma (CE) is a highly contagious viral disease of sheep and goats worldwide. The study provided a clinical description of CE and screened for genetic variation in the B2L gene. Infected sheep exhibited anorexia and oral lesions, while inoculated chicken embryos showed pock lesions. The B2L gene was successfully amplified and found to be highly conserved.
Article
Virology
Yigal Farnoushi, Dan Heller, Avishai Lublin
Summary: In recent years, new variants of avian reovirus (ARV) have caused a variety of symptoms in chickens worldwide, including viral arthritis/tenosynovitis. This study analyzed emerging ARV variants in Israel and found significant genetic diversity. Most ARV isolates in Israel belonged to genotypic cluster 5 (GC5). The study suggests that Israel has not experienced the emergence of new ARV variants since the introduction of the live vaccine (ISR-7585), but ongoing monitoring is needed due to the continuous emergence of ARV variants.
Article
Virology
Shigeru Tajima, Michiyo Kataoka, Yuki Takamatsu, Hideki Ebihara, Chang-Kweng Lim
Summary: Yokose virus (YOKV), a bat-associated flavivirus, was found to replicate at a slower rate in mosquito cells compared to other mosquito-borne flaviviruses. Specific nucleotide mutations in the virus were identified to enhance its proliferation ability in mosquito cells.
Article
Virology
Alejandra Borjabad, Baojun Dong, Wei Chao, David J. Volsky, Mary Jane Potash
Summary: This study investigated HIV brain disease using a mouse model, and found that poly I:C can reverse associated cognitive impairment and reduce virus burden. The results also revealed transcriptional changes related to neuronal function and innate immune responses.
Article
Virology
Ching-Hung Lin, Feng-Cheng Hsieh, Meilin Wang, Chieh Hsu, Hsuan-Wei Hsu, Chun-Chun Yang, Cheng-Yao Yang, Hung-Yi Wu
Summary: This study demonstrates that the synthesis of coronavirus subgenomic mRNA is not solely determined by the sequence homology between the leader TRS and TRS-B, but also by the disassociation of the coronavirus polymerase from the viral genome. This finding provides a new insight into the transcription mechanism of coronaviruses.
Article
Virology
Nicholas S. Kron, Benjamin W. Neuman, Sathish Kumar, Patricia L. Blackwelder, Dayana Vidal, Delphina Z. Walker-Phelan, Patrick D. I. Gibbs, Lynne A. Fieber, Michael C. Schmale
Summary: Two recent studies documented the genome of a novel virus in marine animals, finding that the virus is widespread in apparently healthy animals but not highly expressed in neurons. The studies also identified viral replication factories and high levels of defective genomes in chronically infected animals.
Article
Virology
Andrew M. Ramey, Laura C. Scott, Christina A. Ahlstrom, Evan J. Buck, Alison R. Williams, Mia Kim Torchetti, David E. Stallknecht, Rebecca L. Poulson
Summary: We successfully detected and characterized highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses in hunter-harvested wild waterfowl samples from western Alaska. Genomic analysis revealed three independent viral introductions into Alaska. Our findings demonstrate the utility and potential limitations of using molecular processing approaches directly on original swab samples for viral research and monitoring.
Article
Virology
Ting Gong, Dongdong Wu, Yongzhi Feng, Xing Liu, Qi Gao, Xiaoyu Zheng, Zebu Song, Heng Wang, Guihong Zhang, Lang Gong
Summary: This study discovered that quercetin can inhibit PEDV replication both in vivo and in vitro, and alleviate the clinical symptoms and intestinal injury caused by the virus. This provides a new direction for the development of PED antiviral drugs.
Article
Virology
Min Zhu, Hao Zeng, Jianqiao He, Yaohui Zhu, Pingping Wang, Jianing Guo, Jinfan Guo, Huabo Zhou, Yifeng Qin, Kang Ouyang, Zuzhang Wei, Weijian Huang, Ying Chen
Summary: The reassortment between avian H9N2 and Eurasian avian-like (EA) H1N1 viruses may have potentially changed from avian-to-mammals adaptation. This study found that the introduction of EA H1N1 internal genes into H9N2 virus restored the replication capability and resulted in extreme virulence in some cases. This raises new concerns for public health due to the possible coexistence of H9N2 and EA H1N1 viruses in dogs.
