Article
Immunology
Joseph E. Tota, Anna R. Giuliano, Stephen E. Goldstone, Brady Dubin, Alfred Saah, Alain Luxembourg, Christine Velicer, Joel M. Palefsky
Summary: The incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related cancer is rising in men, and this study found that the prevalence of HPV infection and seropositivity is higher in men who have sex with men (MSM) compared to heterosexual men (HM). However, overall prevalence is still low. Catch-up vaccination after sexual debut may be beneficial.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Lauri E. Markowitz, John T. Schiller
Summary: HPV vaccines are highly effective in preventing HPV-attributable cancers and have been introduced into national immunization programs in over 100 countries. The success of these vaccines has sparked interest in ambitious disease reduction goals.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Cassandra Laurie, Mariam El-Zein, Sarah Botting-Provost, Joseph E. Tota, Pierre-Paul Tellier, Francois Coutlee, Ann N. Burchell, Eduardo L. Franco
Summary: The use of a carrageenan-based gel can reduce the risk of incident genital HPV infections in women without increasing adverse events, which may complement HPV vaccination.
Article
Oncology
Annika Antonsson, Marjorie M. A. de Souza, Benedict J. Panizza, David C. Whiteman
Summary: Oropharyngeal cancer is increasingly caused by HPV, possibly due to changing sexual behavior. Sexual intercourse elicits a stronger immune response to HPV compared to oral sex, potentially leading to a weaker immune response in individuals who have their oral sex debut before or at the same time as sexual intercourse, increasing their risk of developing persistent oral HPV infection and oropharyngeal cancer.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Marjorie M. A. de Souza, Gunter Hartel, Catherine M. Olsen, David C. Whiteman, Annika Antonsson
Summary: This Australian-based study assessed the prevalence of oral HPV infection in Australian residents and found that the prevalence was 7.2%. The study also found a strong association between oral HPV infection and sexual behaviors, and suggested that HPV vaccination may result in a lower risk of infection with nonavalent HPV types.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Yu Zhang, Ya Xu, Ziqin Dian, Guiqian Zhang, Xin Fan, Yuan Zhao, Yi Sun
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence and genotype distribution of HPV infection among outpatient-based populations. The results showed differences in the prevalence and genotype distribution of HPV infection among different outpatient populations, with the highest prevalence in gynecological outpatients. The most common HPV genotypes were HPV-52, 16, and 58. High prevalence of HPV infection was observed among women under 25 years and over 55 years.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Virology
Mac Crite, Daniel DiMaio
Summary: Intracellular trafficking of human papillomavirus (HPV) during virus entry requires the involvement of cellular protease gamma-secretase, which interacts with the minor capsid protein L2 and facilitates its insertion into the endosomal membrane in order to bind other cellular factors necessary for proper virus trafficking. The TM domain of HPV L2 is crucial for its protrusion into the cytoplasm, and mutational studies have shown that the infectivity of HPV mutants is closely correlated with gamma-secretase binding and stabilization, highlighting the importance of the native TM domain of HPV L2 for virus entry.
Article
Immunology
Michela Butta, Nicola Serra, Vera Panzarella, Teresa Maria Assunta Fasciana, Giuseppina Campisi, Giuseppina Capra
Summary: Knowledge of the transmission of human papillomavirus from the genital tract to the oral mucosa remains inadequate, with limited and inconsistent literature findings. This retrospective study investigated the simultaneous detection of orogenital HPV, high-risk and low-risk genotypes, and identified prevalent non-vaccine genotypes in 337 samples. The study recommends including HPV51, HPV68, HPV53, and HPV66 in future HPV vaccine formulations.
Article
Immunology
Guangxia Yang, Zeqin Ren, Kai Wang
Summary: This study suggests that HPV infection is positively associated with the prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in adults, while HPV immunization can reduce the prevalence of RA in adults. However, more powerful prospective studies are needed to prove these associations.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ming Zhao, Dan Zhou, Min Zhang, Peipei Kang, Meimei Cui, Liling Zhu, Limei Luo
Summary: This study aimed to estimate the genotype distribution of persistent HPV infection in females worldwide, and provide a scientific basis for the prevention strategies of CC and the development of HPV vaccines.
Article
Virology
Jiaxin Niu, Shuting Pan, Yingting Wei, Zubei Hong, Liying Gu, Wen Di, Lihua Qiu
Summary: The study investigated HPV prevalence, risk factors, and knowledge among females in Shanghai. Factors such as education level, type of vaginitis, history of hyperlipidemias, family history of cancer, number of pregnancies, and number of sex partners were identified as independent risk factors for high-risk HPV infection. Women with higher education levels demonstrated better knowledge of cervical cancer, cervical screening, and the relationship between HPV and cervical cancer.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Biyuan Xing, Jianfeng Guo, Yuhan Sheng, Gang Wu, Yingchao Zhao
Summary: HPV-negative cervical cancers, predominantly adenocarcinomas, pose challenges in diagnosis and management due to unclear etiology and possible false negative results. It is important to pay greater attention to these cases as they are often diagnosed at advanced stages with poor prognoses.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Kuan-Ying Li, Mei-Chia Chou, Renin Chang, Hei-Tung Yip, Yao-Min Hung, James Cheng-Chung Wei
Summary: The study found that patients with HPV infection have a higher risk of developing Bell's palsy compared to non-HPV patients, especially in the elderly, hypertension, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease subgroups. Further research is needed to confirm the association between specific HPV genotypes and Bell's palsy, as well as the potential role of vaccines in disease prevention.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Virology
Ye Li, Yebin Feng, Yanlin Chen, Wenyu Lin, Hangjing Gao, Ming Chen, Kelvin Stefan Osafo, Xiaodan Mao, Yafang Kang, Leyi Huang, Dabin Liu, Shuxia Xu, Lixiang Huang, Binhua Dong, Pengming Sun
Summary: The study reveals a close correlation between peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets and HPV infection and clearance. CD4 + T cells are important determinants of HPV infection, and T cells, NK cells, and CD8 + T cells can serve as potential biomarkers for predicting natural HPV clearance, which can aid in patient risk stratification, individualized treatment, and follow-up management.
Article
Biology
Vural Yilmaz, Panayiota Louca, Louiza Potamiti, Mihalis Panayiotidis, Katerina Strati
Summary: This study successfully generated an in vivo lineage-tracing model to track papillomavirus-harboring cells and their progeny. By observing MmuPV1-treated tissues, increased proliferation dynamics and decreased MHC-I cell surface expression were found, which may have implications in tissue regenerative capacity and virus clearance. This model provides a novel tool to study the biology of MmuPV1 host-pathogen interactions.
Article
Biology
Michael J. Tisza, Diana V. Pastrana, Nicole L. Welch, Brittany Stewart, Alberto Peretti, Gabriel J. Starrett, Yuk-Ying S. Pang, Siddharth R. Krishnamurthy, Patricia A. Pesavento, David H. McDermott, Philip M. Murphy, Jessica L. Whited, Bess Miller, Jason Brenchley, Stephan P. Rosshart, Barbara Rehermann, John Doorbar, Blake A. Ta'ala, Olga Pletnikova, Juan C. Troncoso, Susan M. Resnick, Ben Bolduc, Matthew B. Sullivan, Arvind Varsani, Anca M. Segall, Christopher B. Buck
Letter
Dermatology
Rachel K. Rosenstein, Diana V. Pastrana, Gabriel J. Starrett, Matthew R. Sapio, Natasha T. Hill, Jay-Hyun Jo, Chyi-Chia R. Lee, Michael J. Iadarola, Christopher B. Buck, Heidi H. Kong, Isaac Brownell, Edward W. Cowen
JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Michael J. Tisza, Anna K. Belford, Guillermo Dominguez-Huerta, Benjamin Bolduc, Christopher B. Buck
Summary: Viruses are abundant and mysterious, with the majority of species yet to be discovered, and many genes in central databases labeled as 'hypothetical protein'. Cenote-Taker 2 is a tool for virus discovery and annotation, offering automatic annotation of sequence features and providing rich gene information.
Article
Microbiology
Samuel S. Porter, Jennifer C. Liddle, Kristen Browne, Diana Pastrana, Benjamin A. Garcia, Christopher B. Buck, Matthew D. Weitzman, Alison A. McBride
Summary: Papillomaviruses package their genomes with host histones into virions, with specific histone modifications being acquired late in infection that benefit viral replication and gene expression. The viral minichromosome is enriched in posttranslational modifications associated with active chromatin, potentially aiding in evasion of detection and promoting early infection stages.
Article
Microbiology
Rong Yang, Eunice E. Lee, Jiwoong Kim, Joon H. Choi, Elysha Kolitz, Yating Chen, Clair Crewe, Nicholas J. H. Salisbury, Philipp E. Scherer, Clay Cockerell, Taylor R. Smith, Leslie Rosen, Louisa Verlinden, Denise A. Galloway, Christopher B. Buck, Mariet C. Feltkamp, Christopher S. Sullivan, Richard C. Wang
Summary: The study reveals that human polyomavirus (HPyV) generate circular RNAs (circRNAs) in human tumors and infected tissues which can express proteins that have the potential to modulate the infectious and tumorigenic properties of these viruses. In particular, MCPyV and TSPyV generate circRNAs encompassing part of the early region that can be translated to ALTO protein in cultured cells, and MCPyV ALTO has the ability to regulate transcription.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Michael J. Tisza, Christopher B. Buck
Summary: Despite the challenges, this study reveals over 45,000 unique virus taxa sequences from thousands of datasets, with historically high per-genome completeness. By reanalyzing large publicly available case-control studies, over 2,200 strong virus-disease associations are found.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Virology
Simona Kraberger, Charlotte Austin, Kata Farkas, Thomas Desvignes, John H. Postlethwait, Rafaela S. Fontenele, Kara Schmidlin, Russell W. Bradley, Pete Warzybok, Koenraad Van Doorslaer, William Davison, Christopher B. Buck, Arvind Varsani
Summary: This study expands the known genomes of fish papillomaviruses and reveals their genetic distance from other papillomaviruses, suggesting a bottleneck event in the evolution of papillomaviruses infecting terrestrial vertebrates.
Article
Virology
Kara Schmidlin, Simona Kraberger, Chelsea Cook, Dale F. DeNardo, Rafaela S. Fontenele, Koenraad Van Doorslaer, Darren P. Martin, Christopher B. Buck, Arvind Varsani
Summary: Polyomaviruses are non-enveloped viruses with circular double-stranded DNA genomes, initially identified in mammals and now found in birds and a few fish species. The diversity of these viruses in invertebrates is still unclear, but eight novel polyomaviruses have been discovered in scorpions. Evolutionary analysis suggests that polyomaviruses have co-diverged with their hosts, circuling among primitive common ancestors of arthropods and chordates.
Article
Virology
Simona Kraberger, Laurel E. K. Serieys, Seth P. D. Riley, Kara Schmidlin, Eric S. Newkirk, John R. Squires, Christopher B. Buck, Arvind Varsani
Summary: By analyzing fecal samples from bobcats, pumas, Canada lynxes, and grizzly bears in the USA, we identified six novel polyomavirus genomes. These viruses showed a phylogenetic relationship to polyomaviruses found in prey animals, suggesting carnivores may become infected with polyomaviruses through predation. Furthermore, we found anelloviruses known to infect pigs in the grizzly bear sample, indicating the bear may have preyed on a wild or domestic pig.
ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Christopher B. Buck
Summary: Recent evidence suggests that consuming common culinary herbs from the mint family may have benefits for preventing or treating Covid. Individuals can easily explore this hypothesis using ordinary kitchen materials. I propose a philosophical framework to explain the puzzling lack of public health messaging about this interesting idea.
MEDICAL HYPOTHESES
(2023)
Article
Virology
Carolina Torres, Rita M. Correa, Maria A. Picconi, Christopher B. Buck, Viviana A. Mbayed
Summary: In this study, a novel polyomavirus was identified and characterized from samples of healthy skin in Argentina. The new polyomavirus species, named human polyomavirus 16 (HPyV16), was found to be closely related to human polyomavirus 6 (HPyV6) and likely has a tropism for human hosts. The study also revealed more distant relatives of HPyV6 in macaque genital and chimpanzee fecal data sets.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
David H. Mcdermott, Daniel Velez, Elena Cho, Edward W. Cowen, John J. Digiovanna, Diana V. Pastrana, Christopher B. Buck, Katherine R. Calvo, Pamela J. Gardner, Sergio D. Rosenzweig, Pamela Stratton, Melissa A. Merideth, H. Jeffrey Kim, Carmen Brewer, James D. Katz, Douglas B. Kuhns, Harry L. Malech, Dean Follmann, Michael P. Fay, Philip M. Murphy
Summary: In a phase III crossover trial, plerixafor was found to be noninferior to G-CSF in maintaining neutrophil counts and superior in maintaining lymphocyte counts in patients with WHIM syndrome. Although not superior in infection severity score, the study supports further investigation of plerixafor as a potential treatment for WHIM syndrome based on wart regression and hematologic improvement.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Article
Virology
Gabriel J. Starrett, Michael J. Tisza, Nicole L. Welch, Anna K. Belford, Alberto Peretti, Diana Pastrana, Christopher B. Buck
Summary: Polintons, a class of eukaryotic transposons, may actually be viruses capable of cell-to-cell spread. Through data mining, a family of viruses named Adintoviridae was identified, with degraded sequences found in a wide range of animal germlines.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Brian D. Ondov, Gabriel J. Starrett, Anna Sappington, Aleksandra Kostic, Sergey Koren, Christopher B. Buck, Adam M. Phillippy
Meeting Abstract
Dermatology
R. Rosenstein, D. V. Pastrana, G. J. Starrett, M. R. Sapio, J. Jo, N. T. Hill, C. Lee, M. J. Iadarola, I. Brownell, H. H. Kong, C. B. Buck, E. W. Cowen
JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Virology
Naiqing Xu, Xinen Tang, Xin Wang, Miao Cai, Xiaowen Liu, Xiaolong Lu, Shunlin Hu, Min Gu, Jiao Hu, Ruyi Gao, Kaituo Liu, Yu Chen, Xiufan Liu, Xiaoquan Wang
Summary: This study found that the H9N2 subtype avian influenza virus has a high airborne transmissibility, while the H7N9 virus does not. The Hemagglutinin protein of the H9N2 virus was found to play a key role in replication, stability, and airborne transmission.
Article
Virology
Samar S. Ewies, Sabry M. Tamam, Ahmed S. Abdel-Moneim, Sherin R. Rouby
Summary: Contagious ecthyma (CE) is a highly contagious viral disease of sheep and goats worldwide. The study provided a clinical description of CE and screened for genetic variation in the B2L gene. Infected sheep exhibited anorexia and oral lesions, while inoculated chicken embryos showed pock lesions. The B2L gene was successfully amplified and found to be highly conserved.
Article
Virology
Yigal Farnoushi, Dan Heller, Avishai Lublin
Summary: In recent years, new variants of avian reovirus (ARV) have caused a variety of symptoms in chickens worldwide, including viral arthritis/tenosynovitis. This study analyzed emerging ARV variants in Israel and found significant genetic diversity. Most ARV isolates in Israel belonged to genotypic cluster 5 (GC5). The study suggests that Israel has not experienced the emergence of new ARV variants since the introduction of the live vaccine (ISR-7585), but ongoing monitoring is needed due to the continuous emergence of ARV variants.
Article
Virology
Shigeru Tajima, Michiyo Kataoka, Yuki Takamatsu, Hideki Ebihara, Chang-Kweng Lim
Summary: Yokose virus (YOKV), a bat-associated flavivirus, was found to replicate at a slower rate in mosquito cells compared to other mosquito-borne flaviviruses. Specific nucleotide mutations in the virus were identified to enhance its proliferation ability in mosquito cells.
Article
Virology
Alejandra Borjabad, Baojun Dong, Wei Chao, David J. Volsky, Mary Jane Potash
Summary: This study investigated HIV brain disease using a mouse model, and found that poly I:C can reverse associated cognitive impairment and reduce virus burden. The results also revealed transcriptional changes related to neuronal function and innate immune responses.
Article
Virology
Ching-Hung Lin, Feng-Cheng Hsieh, Meilin Wang, Chieh Hsu, Hsuan-Wei Hsu, Chun-Chun Yang, Cheng-Yao Yang, Hung-Yi Wu
Summary: This study demonstrates that the synthesis of coronavirus subgenomic mRNA is not solely determined by the sequence homology between the leader TRS and TRS-B, but also by the disassociation of the coronavirus polymerase from the viral genome. This finding provides a new insight into the transcription mechanism of coronaviruses.
Article
Virology
Nicholas S. Kron, Benjamin W. Neuman, Sathish Kumar, Patricia L. Blackwelder, Dayana Vidal, Delphina Z. Walker-Phelan, Patrick D. I. Gibbs, Lynne A. Fieber, Michael C. Schmale
Summary: Two recent studies documented the genome of a novel virus in marine animals, finding that the virus is widespread in apparently healthy animals but not highly expressed in neurons. The studies also identified viral replication factories and high levels of defective genomes in chronically infected animals.
Article
Virology
Andrew M. Ramey, Laura C. Scott, Christina A. Ahlstrom, Evan J. Buck, Alison R. Williams, Mia Kim Torchetti, David E. Stallknecht, Rebecca L. Poulson
Summary: We successfully detected and characterized highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses in hunter-harvested wild waterfowl samples from western Alaska. Genomic analysis revealed three independent viral introductions into Alaska. Our findings demonstrate the utility and potential limitations of using molecular processing approaches directly on original swab samples for viral research and monitoring.
Article
Virology
Ting Gong, Dongdong Wu, Yongzhi Feng, Xing Liu, Qi Gao, Xiaoyu Zheng, Zebu Song, Heng Wang, Guihong Zhang, Lang Gong
Summary: This study discovered that quercetin can inhibit PEDV replication both in vivo and in vitro, and alleviate the clinical symptoms and intestinal injury caused by the virus. This provides a new direction for the development of PED antiviral drugs.
Article
Virology
Min Zhu, Hao Zeng, Jianqiao He, Yaohui Zhu, Pingping Wang, Jianing Guo, Jinfan Guo, Huabo Zhou, Yifeng Qin, Kang Ouyang, Zuzhang Wei, Weijian Huang, Ying Chen
Summary: The reassortment between avian H9N2 and Eurasian avian-like (EA) H1N1 viruses may have potentially changed from avian-to-mammals adaptation. This study found that the introduction of EA H1N1 internal genes into H9N2 virus restored the replication capability and resulted in extreme virulence in some cases. This raises new concerns for public health due to the possible coexistence of H9N2 and EA H1N1 viruses in dogs.
