Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Philippe A. Gallay, Christina M. Ramirez, Marc M. Baum
Summary: Adolescent girls and young women in low- to middle-income countries are at higher risk of HIV-1 infection. New non-vaccine biomedical products aim to provide safe, effective, and discreet dosage forms for delivering antiviral compounds through vaginal drug administration. Oral regimens based on TDF and FTC have shown effectiveness in HIV-1 prevention, forming a promising basis for vaginal PrEP.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Jacqueline M. Brady, Meredith Phelps, Scott W. MacDonald, Evan C. Lam, Adam Nitido, Dylan Parsons, Christine L. Boutros, Cailin E. Deal, Wilfredo F. Garcia-Beltran, Serah Tanno, Harini Natarajan, Margaret E. Ackerman, Vladimir D. Vrbanac, Alejandro B. Balazs
Summary: This study investigates the efficacy and relative contribution of HIV antibodies using a humanized mouse model. The findings suggest that antibodies lacking Fc-mediated functionality have reduced protection against HIV transmission, while highly functional antibodies can provide significant protection against infection.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Fernando Notario-Perez, Joana Galante, Araceli Martin-Illana, Raul Cazorla-Luna, Bruno Sarmento, Roberto Ruiz-Caro, Jose das Neves, Maria-Dolores Veiga
Summary: Interest is growing in smart vaginal microbicides as a strategy to protect women from sexual transmission of HIV. The study explores the development of vaginal films with pH-dependent drug release of the antiretroviral drug tenofovir, showing sustained drug release for several days after administration and rapid release upon ejaculation simulation. The films exhibited suitable mechanical properties for comfortable vaginal use and favorable drug permeability profiles in cell monolayers. Overall, the pH-dependent films containing tenofovir could be promising candidates for smart vaginal microbicides.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2021)
Review
Virology
Jesus Emanuel Brunetti, Maksym Kitsera, Cesar Munoz-Fontela, Estefania Rodriguez
Summary: Various humanized mouse models have been developed for studying autoimmune diseases, cancer, and viral infections. These models involve transplanting human tissues or immune cells into immunodeficient mice. While mouse models with transplanted hematopoietic stem cells have been widely used to study infectious diseases, models with transplanted donor-specific mature immune cells are still being developed, particularly in the field of viral infections. These models can retain unique immune memory and are suitable for studying protection against natural infection or vaccination. In this review, we discuss these models and their application to virology research, as well as their potential for designing therapies against human viral infections.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Philippe A. Gallay, Christina M. Ramirez, Marc M. Baum
Summary: Adolescent girls and young women in low- to middle-income countries have a higher risk of HIV-1 infection. New non-vaccine biomedical products are needed to provide safe, effective, and discreet forms of antiviral compounds for vaginal administration, aiming to overcome this global health challenge.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Shawn Abeynaike, Silke Paust
Summary: While HIV-1 infection can now be managed with lifelong treatment, complete eradication remains a challenge due to the virus's ability to remain in dormant state in tissue reservoirs and its high mutation rate. Developing a suitable animal model is critical for evaluating pathogenesis and therapeutic approaches for HIV-1 cure strategies.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Can M. Sungur, Qiankun Wang, Ayse N. Ozanturk, Hongbo Gao, Aaron J. Schmitz, Marina Cella, Wayne M. Yokoyama, Liang Shan
Summary: The role of NK cells in HIV-1 infections was investigated using a humanized mouse model. The study showed that NK cells directly provided anti-HIV-1 responses in nonlymphoid organs, but had limited functionality in lymphoid organs. Antiretroviral therapy and a broadly neutralizing antibody, PGT121, were found to enhance NK cell function and reduce viral load.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yosuke Nagasawa, Masami Takei, Mitsuhiro Iwata, Yasuko Nagatsuka, Hiroshi Tsuzuki, Kenichi Imai, Ken-Ichi Imadome, Shigeyoshi Fujiwara, Noboru Kitamura
Summary: EBV infection in hu-NOG mice may induce erosive arthritis through human osteoclast activation, demonstrating the potential for studying the association of EBV infections with rheumatoid arthritis and human bone metabolism in this mouse model.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jocelyn M. Wessels, Philip V. Nguyen, Danielle Vitali, Kristen Mueller, Fatemeh Vahedi, Allison M. Felker, Haley A. Dupont, Puja Bagri, Chris P. Verschoor, Alexandre Deshiere, Tony Mazzulli, Michel J. Tremblay, Ali A. Ashkar, Charu Kaushic
Summary: The research suggests that DMPA may increase susceptibility to HIV-1 by impairing the vaginal epithelial barrier, increasing vaginal target cells, and extending the period of vulnerability.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Chen Zhang, Lubaba A. Zaman, Larisa Y. Poluektova, Santhi Gorantla, Howard E. Gendelman, Prasanta K. Dash
Summary: The persistence of latent viral infections in HIV-1 infected individuals is a major obstacle to finding a cure. The identification of latent viral reservoirs is limited by their low abundance, the difficulty in accurately identifying latently infected cells, and the lack of biomarkers for identifying latent cells. Humanized mouse models are valuable tools for studying viral persistence and latency, as they can replicate the host cells and tissue environments that carry latent infections. These models can be used to test antiretroviral and excision therapeutics to address the detection and elimination of HIV-1 latency.
Article
Immunology
Valerie J. Rodriguez-Irizarry, Alina C. Schneider, Daniel Ahle, Justin M. Smith, Edu B. Suarez-Martinez, Ethan A. Salazar, Brianyell McDaniel Mims, Fahmida Rasha, Hanna Moussa, Naima Moustaid-Moussa, Kevin Pruitt, Marcelo Fonseca, Mauricio Henriquez, Matthias A. Clauss, Matthew B. Grisham, Sharilyn Almodovar
Summary: People living with HIV and receiving antiretroviral therapy have improved lifespans. However, persistent viral replication in the lungs can cause chronic inflammation and lead to life-threatening Pulmonary Hypertension (PH). The study of HIV-PH is limited due to a lack of suitable animal models. This study combined HIV with SU5416 or hypoxia in mice with humanized immune systems and found that this combination accurately recapitulates PH, providing a well-suited model for infectious mechanistic pulmonary vascular research in small animals.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Sai Archana Krovi, Leah M. Johnson, Ellen Luecke, Sharon L. Achilles, Ariane van der Straten
Summary: MPTs offer combined protection against HIV, STIs, and unintended pregnancy, with potential for simplified use and increased public health benefits. Significant progress has been made in the development of MPTs over the past decade, with the potential to grant sexual and reproductive health autonomy to women globally.
ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Araceli Martin-Illana, Raul Cazorla-Luna, Fernando Notario-Perez, Luis Miguel Bedoya, Juan Rubio, Aitana Tamayo, Roberto Ruiz-Caro, Maria Dolores Veiga
Summary: Vaginal microbicides are crucial for preventing HIV transmission among women, and these bilayer films show promise with their biocompatibility and controlled drug release properties, particularly in terms of adhesiveness and drug release.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Daniela Barbieri, Lina Gomez, Ludivine Royer, Florian Dupuy, Jean-Francois Franetich, Maurel Tefit, Marie-Esther N'Dri, Dominique Mazier, Olivier Silvie, Alicia Moreno-Sabater, Catherine Lavazec
Summary: In this study, it was found that the drug tadalafil can block malaria parasite transmission by altering the mechanical properties of infected erythrocytes. Results from in vivo experiments using a humanized mouse model showed that tadalafil treatment increased the stiffness of gametocyte-infected erythrocytes, leading to their retention by the spleen.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Maarja Gruenbach, Christina K. S. Muller, Erika Schlaepfer, Luca Baroncini, Doris Russenberger, Nicole P. Kadzioch, Benjamin Escher, Martin Schlapschy, Arne Skerra, Simon Bredl, Roberto F. Speck
Summary: The research explored the efficacy of novel, long-acting IFN-alpha 14 in controlling HIV replication in HIV-infected humanized mice. The study found that IFN-alpha 14 had no effect on chronic HIV infection but demonstrated a transiently restored responsiveness to IFN and a temporary lower HIV burden after stopping cART when mice were treated with cART first. These findings emphasize the value of cART-mediated HIV suppression and immune reconstitution in creating a window of opportunity for exploring novel immunotherapies, the potential of IFNs for constraining HIV, and the value of humanized mice for exploring novel immunotherapies.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Carolyn Dombecki, Muazzum M. Shah, Angela Eke-Usim, Sarah R. Akkina, Melissa Ahrens, Lisa Sturm, Laraine Washer, Betsy Foxman
INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2015)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Melissa A. Pynnonen, Shana Lynn, Hayley E. Kern, Sarah J. Novis, Sarah R. Akkina, Nahid R. Keshavarzi, Matthew M. Davis
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Sarah J. Novis, Sarah R. Akkina, Shana Lynn, Hayley E. Kern, Nahid R. Keshavarzi, Melissa A. Pynnonen
INTERNATIONAL FORUM OF ALLERGY & RHINOLOGY
(2016)
Article
Surgery
Sapna A. Patel, Jack J. Liu, Craig S. Murakami, Daniel Berg, Sarah R. Akkina, Amit D. Bhrany
JAMA FACIAL PLASTIC SURGERY
(2016)
Article
Virology
Shuang Hu, Charles Preston Neff, Dipu Mohan Kumar, Yuichiro Habu, Sarah R. Akkina, Takahiro Seki, Ramesh Akkina
Article
Microbiology
Rachel S. Leibman, Max W. Richardson, Christoph T. Ellebrecht, Colby R. Maldini, Joshua A. Glover, Anthony J. Secreto, Irina Kulikovskaya, Simon F. Lacey, Sarah R. Akkina, Yanjie Yi, Farida Shaheen, Jianbin Wang, Keith A. Dufendach, Michael C. Holmes, Ronald G. Collman, Aimee S. Payne, James L. Riley
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ramesh Akkina, Bradford K. Berges, Brent E. Palmer, Leila Remling, C. Preston Neff, Jes Kuruvilla, Elizabeth Connick, Joy Folkvord, Kathy Gagliardi, Afework Kassu, Sarah R. Akkina
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Giant C. Lin, Adam Scheel, Sarah Akkina, Steven Chinn, Martin Graham, Christine Komarck, Heather Walline, Jonathan B. McHugh, Mark E. Prince, Thomas E. Carey, Mark A. Zacharek
INTERNATIONAL FORUM OF ALLERGY & RHINOLOGY
(2013)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Giant C. Lin, Sarah Akkina, Steven Chinn, Mark E. Prince, Jonathan B. McHugh, Thomas Carey, Mark A. Zacharek
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGICAL SURGERY PART B-SKULL BASE
(2014)
Article
Surgery
Sarah R. Akkina, Tate G. Saurey, Nicholas A. Middleton, Nicole R. Mattson, Shaye Brummet, James O. Phillips, Christopher B. Chambers, Kris S. Moe, Raghu C. Mudumbai
Summary: Eye injuries are not uncommon in orbital fracture patients, and a patient's medical history and physical examination findings can help identify those who require urgent ophthalmology consultation.
FACIAL PLASTIC SURGERY & AESTHETIC MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Sarah R. Akkina, Roderick Y. Kim, Chaz L. Stucken, Melissa A. Pynnonen, Carol R. Bradford
LARYNGOSCOPE INVESTIGATIVE OTOLARYNGOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Sarah R. Akkina, Cheng C. Ma, Erin M. Kirkham, David L. Horn, Maida L. Chen, Sanjay R. Parikh
ACTA OTO-LARYNGOLOGICA
(2018)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Sarah R. Akkina, Roderick Y. Kim, Chaz L. Stucken, Melissa A. Pynnonen, Carol R. Bradford
LARYNGOSCOPE INVESTIGATIVE OTOLARYNGOLOGY
(2018)
Review
Otorhinolaryngology
Angelique M. Berens, Sarah R. Akkina, Sapna A. Patel
CURRENT OPINION IN OTOLARYNGOLOGY & HEAD AND NECK SURGERY
(2017)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Sarah R. Akkina, Sarah J. Novis, Nahid R. Keshavarzi, Melissa A. Pynnonen
LARYNGOSCOPE INVESTIGATIVE OTOLARYNGOLOGY
(2016)
Article
Virology
Naiqing Xu, Xinen Tang, Xin Wang, Miao Cai, Xiaowen Liu, Xiaolong Lu, Shunlin Hu, Min Gu, Jiao Hu, Ruyi Gao, Kaituo Liu, Yu Chen, Xiufan Liu, Xiaoquan Wang
Summary: This study found that the H9N2 subtype avian influenza virus has a high airborne transmissibility, while the H7N9 virus does not. The Hemagglutinin protein of the H9N2 virus was found to play a key role in replication, stability, and airborne transmission.
Article
Virology
Samar S. Ewies, Sabry M. Tamam, Ahmed S. Abdel-Moneim, Sherin R. Rouby
Summary: Contagious ecthyma (CE) is a highly contagious viral disease of sheep and goats worldwide. The study provided a clinical description of CE and screened for genetic variation in the B2L gene. Infected sheep exhibited anorexia and oral lesions, while inoculated chicken embryos showed pock lesions. The B2L gene was successfully amplified and found to be highly conserved.
Article
Virology
Yigal Farnoushi, Dan Heller, Avishai Lublin
Summary: In recent years, new variants of avian reovirus (ARV) have caused a variety of symptoms in chickens worldwide, including viral arthritis/tenosynovitis. This study analyzed emerging ARV variants in Israel and found significant genetic diversity. Most ARV isolates in Israel belonged to genotypic cluster 5 (GC5). The study suggests that Israel has not experienced the emergence of new ARV variants since the introduction of the live vaccine (ISR-7585), but ongoing monitoring is needed due to the continuous emergence of ARV variants.
Article
Virology
Shigeru Tajima, Michiyo Kataoka, Yuki Takamatsu, Hideki Ebihara, Chang-Kweng Lim
Summary: Yokose virus (YOKV), a bat-associated flavivirus, was found to replicate at a slower rate in mosquito cells compared to other mosquito-borne flaviviruses. Specific nucleotide mutations in the virus were identified to enhance its proliferation ability in mosquito cells.
Article
Virology
Alejandra Borjabad, Baojun Dong, Wei Chao, David J. Volsky, Mary Jane Potash
Summary: This study investigated HIV brain disease using a mouse model, and found that poly I:C can reverse associated cognitive impairment and reduce virus burden. The results also revealed transcriptional changes related to neuronal function and innate immune responses.
Article
Virology
Ching-Hung Lin, Feng-Cheng Hsieh, Meilin Wang, Chieh Hsu, Hsuan-Wei Hsu, Chun-Chun Yang, Cheng-Yao Yang, Hung-Yi Wu
Summary: This study demonstrates that the synthesis of coronavirus subgenomic mRNA is not solely determined by the sequence homology between the leader TRS and TRS-B, but also by the disassociation of the coronavirus polymerase from the viral genome. This finding provides a new insight into the transcription mechanism of coronaviruses.
Article
Virology
Nicholas S. Kron, Benjamin W. Neuman, Sathish Kumar, Patricia L. Blackwelder, Dayana Vidal, Delphina Z. Walker-Phelan, Patrick D. I. Gibbs, Lynne A. Fieber, Michael C. Schmale
Summary: Two recent studies documented the genome of a novel virus in marine animals, finding that the virus is widespread in apparently healthy animals but not highly expressed in neurons. The studies also identified viral replication factories and high levels of defective genomes in chronically infected animals.
Article
Virology
Andrew M. Ramey, Laura C. Scott, Christina A. Ahlstrom, Evan J. Buck, Alison R. Williams, Mia Kim Torchetti, David E. Stallknecht, Rebecca L. Poulson
Summary: We successfully detected and characterized highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses in hunter-harvested wild waterfowl samples from western Alaska. Genomic analysis revealed three independent viral introductions into Alaska. Our findings demonstrate the utility and potential limitations of using molecular processing approaches directly on original swab samples for viral research and monitoring.
Article
Virology
Ting Gong, Dongdong Wu, Yongzhi Feng, Xing Liu, Qi Gao, Xiaoyu Zheng, Zebu Song, Heng Wang, Guihong Zhang, Lang Gong
Summary: This study discovered that quercetin can inhibit PEDV replication both in vivo and in vitro, and alleviate the clinical symptoms and intestinal injury caused by the virus. This provides a new direction for the development of PED antiviral drugs.
Article
Virology
Min Zhu, Hao Zeng, Jianqiao He, Yaohui Zhu, Pingping Wang, Jianing Guo, Jinfan Guo, Huabo Zhou, Yifeng Qin, Kang Ouyang, Zuzhang Wei, Weijian Huang, Ying Chen
Summary: The reassortment between avian H9N2 and Eurasian avian-like (EA) H1N1 viruses may have potentially changed from avian-to-mammals adaptation. This study found that the introduction of EA H1N1 internal genes into H9N2 virus restored the replication capability and resulted in extreme virulence in some cases. This raises new concerns for public health due to the possible coexistence of H9N2 and EA H1N1 viruses in dogs.