Article
Virology
Haojie He, Wenzhe Wang, Liang Li, Xin Zhang, Hongyan Shi, Jianfei Chen, Da Shi, Mei Xue, Li Feng
Summary: Coronavirus mainly targets respiratory and gastrointestinal epithelial cells, causing damage in both humans and animals. NLRP1 is a sensor for RNA virus infection, highly expressed in epithelial barrier tissues. The mechanism of inflammasome activation in coronavirus infection and its biological functions in host defense remain unclear.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Liyuan Zhao, Liang Li, Mei Xue, Xiang Liu, Chengfan Jiang, Wenzhe Wang, Lijie Tang, Li Feng, Pinghuang Liu
Summary: The study revealed that TGEV infection triggers pyroptosis and upregulates GSDMD expression, which in turn suppresses the infection of both TGEV and PDCoV by facilitating the unconventional release of IFN-/3. GSDMD serves as a critical regulator of innate immunity during coronavirus infection, presenting a potential target for antiviral therapeutics against coronaviruses.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Quanhui Yan, Keke Wu, Weijun Zeng, Shu Yu, Yuwan Li, Yawei Sun, Xiaodi Liu, Yang Ruan, Juncong Huang, Hongxing Ding, Lin Yi, Mingqiu Zhao, Jinding Chen, Shuangqi Fan
Summary: This study analyzed the genetic diversity and spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) and porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) through genome sequence analysis. It identified different genotypes and lineages within these two swine enteric coronaviruses. Positive selection sites were also identified, indicating the importance of spike protein in membrane fusion and adaptive evolution. The study provides new insights into the evolutionary characteristics and transmission diversity of these SeCoVs, emphasizing the need for enhanced surveillance and biosecurity measures in the context of the COVID-19 epidemic.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
P. Langendijk, M. Fleuren, K. Venrooy, K. Ernst, G. Page
Summary: To evaluate the importance of natural variation in colostrum intake for piglet gastrointestinal and reproductive development, two female piglets with low (average 226 g) and high (average 401 g) colostrum intake were selected from each of 27 litters. Measurements were taken on the ileum, colon, cervix, and uterus tissues, and tissue samples were analyzed histologically. Piglets with high colostrum intake showed greater overall development, with increased weight and size of various organs and more advanced histological architecture in the uterus and cervix.
Article
Virology
Chengfan Jiang, Liang Li, Mei Xue, Liyuan Zhao, Xiang Liu, Wenzhe Wang, Li Feng, Pinghuang Liu
Summary: Porcine respiratory CoV (PRCoV), a natural mutant of TGEV, shares pathogenetic similarities with human respiratory CoVs. The lack of an in vitro model for the study of PRCoV infection is a major obstacle. This study successfully developed long-term porcine airway organoids (AOs) that can serve as a promising disease model for PRCoV infection.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Virology
Yiwu Chen, Yuanzhu Zhang, Xi Wang, Jian Zhou, Lerong Ma, Jianing Li, Lin Yang, Hongsheng Ouyang, Hongming Yuan, Daxin Pang
Summary: TGEV, a member of the alphacoronavirus genus, poses significant threats and losses to pig husbandry, with a 100% mortality rate in infected piglets. Recent recombination and evolution of TGEV have made its detection and prevention more complex, with some recombinant strains spreading across species. This paper reviews the basic biological properties of TGEV, factors affecting virulence, viral receptors, and the latest research advances in TGEV infection-induced apoptosis and autophagy, aiming to enhance understanding of TGEV and related research processes. The possible zoonotic risk of TGEV is also highlighted, supported by the detection of CCoV-HuPn-2018 in humans.
Article
Biology
Changlin Wang, Mei Xue, Peng Wu, Honglei Wang, Zhongqing Liu, Guangzheng Wu, Pinghuang Liu, Keliang Wang, Wanhai Xu, Li Feng
Summary: This study found that Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) infection inhibits the expression of anti-coronavirus microRNA through the IRE1 pathway, providing insights into how the virus regulates the host cell response to infection.
SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Lei Xu, Hong-bo Dai, Zhi-peng Luo, Ling Zhu, Jun Zhao, Feng-qin Lee, Ze-yan Liu, Min-cai Nie, Xue-tao Wang, Yuan-cheng Zhou, Zhi-wen Xu
Summary: In this study, a new natural deletion TGEV strain, SC2021, was isolated from China. The strain showed high pathogenicity in newborn piglets, causing typical watery diarrhea and macro and micropathological changes in the lungs and intestines. The data obtained from this study contribute to the understanding of the genetic evolution and molecular pathogenesis of TGEV.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2023)
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Jean-Paul Lalles, Carlos A. Montoya
Summary: Recent studies on alternatives to in-feed antibiotics have focused on the impact on immune response and gut function, with functional nutrients and probiotics showing promising anti-inflammatory properties in young pigs.
ANIMAL FEED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Pei-Hua Wang, Amina Nawal Bahoussi, Pir Tariq Shah, Yan-Yan Guo, Changxin Wu, Li Xing
Summary: Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) is a porcine coronavirus that remains elusive despite years of research efforts. A systematic analysis of TGEV genomes showed two distinct evolutionary clades, GI and GII, with Chinese strains clustering with traditional or attenuated vaccine strains within clade GI and recent US strains falling into clade GII. There were significant differences in genomic similarity between Chinese and US strains, and several potential genomic recombination events were identified. Genomic recombination appears to contribute to the expansion of TGEV genomic diversity.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Ting You, Jiayong Tang, Shenggang Yin, Gang Jia, Guangmang Liu, Gang Tian, Xiaoling Chen, Jingyi Cai, Bo Kang, Hua Zhao
Summary: This study investigated the effects of licorice flavonoids powder (LFP) on the growth performance and intestinal health of piglets. The results showed that dietary LFP supplementation improved the growth performance of weaning piglets, reduced the incidence of diarrhea, and enhanced intestinal morphological structure, barrier function, immune function, and development. The addition of 150 mg/kg LFP was found to be the most effective.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY AND ANIMAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Gaurav Rawal, Wannarat Yim-im, Ethan Aljets, Patrick G. Halbur, Jianqiang Zhang, Tanja Opriessnig
Summary: Porcine respiratory coronavirus (PRCV) is a mutant strain distinct from transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV). Little is known about recent PRCV isolates, and this study aimed to obtain a contemporary PRCV isolate from US pigs for genetic characterization.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Lina Long, Xichen Zhao, Jie Chen, Zixi Wang, Yanfang Tang, Jian Huang, Yulong Yin
Summary: Previous studies have mainly focused on the growth performance and intestinal inflammation of porous or nano particles zinc oxide (ZnO) in piglets, but little is known about its effect on gut microbiota. This study found that dietary 500 mg/kg porous or nano particles ZnO improved the growth performance and gut microbiota of weaned piglets.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Yanyan Zhang, Tao Wu, Zhenqiang Chen, Yuxuan Meng, Zhekun Zhu, Qian Wang, Junjie Tian, Dan Yi, Lei Wang, Di Zhao, Yongqing Hou
Summary: Dietary supplementation with E. faecium R1 improved intestinal function, decreased diarrhea incidence, and attenuated intestinal and liver injury in piglets challenged by lipopolysaccharide.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Kaiwen Bai, Luyi Jiang, Tian Wang, Wei Wang
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of small intestinal immune dysfunction in intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) newborn piglets and relieve this dysfunction via dimethylglycine sodium salt (DMG-Na) supplementation during the suckling period. The study found that the activity of the TLR4/NOD/NF-KB pathway was inhibited in IUGR newborns, leading to immune dysfunction and reduced performance. However, DMG-Na supplementation activated the TLR4/NOD/NF-KB pathway and improved the unfavorable body state during the suckling period.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Zoi Prentza, Francesco Castellone, Matteo Legnardi, Birgit Antlinger, Maia Segura-Wang, Giorgos Kefalas, Nikolaos Papaioannou, Ioanna Stylianaki, Vasileios G. G. Papatsiros, Giovanni Franzo, Mattia Cecchinato, Konstantinos Koutoulis
Summary: With the ban on using antibiotics as growth promoters, the poultry sector is exploring alternatives to support production efficiency. Synbiotics, which combine prebiotics and probiotics, show promise in sustaining gut health and improving chicken performance. This study tested the synbiotic PoultryStar((R)) sol on broiler flocks and found that it improved gut health, body weight gain, feed conversion efficiency, and liveability.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Georgios Maragkakis, Labrini V. Athanasiou, Serafeim C. Chaintoutis, Dimitra Psalla, Polychronis Kostoulas, Eleftherios Meletis, Georgios Papakonstantinou, Dominiek Maes, Georgios Christodoulopoulos, Vasileios G. Papatsiros
Summary: This study aimed to compare the effects of intradermal and intramuscular administration of a PRRSV-1 MLV vaccine on the health and performance of piglets. The results showed that intradermal vaccination with the PRRSV-1 MLV vaccine had a positive impact on piglets' health and performance, including improved body weight, lower lung and pleurisy lesions scores, and decreased mortality rate.
Editorial Material
Pathology
Seamus Kennedy
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Nikolaos Tsekouras, Eleftherios Meletis, Polychronis Kostoulas, Georgia Labronikou, Zoi Athanasakopoulou, Georgios Christodoulopoulos, Charalambos Billinis, Vasileios G. Papatsiros
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the involvement of enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) and C. difficile or C. perfringens type C in neonatal piglet diarrhoea in Greece and identify preventive factors. The results showed that ETEC and C. difficile played important roles in the development of neonatal piglet diarrhoea. The administration of antibiotics combined with probiotics or acidifiers was found to reduce the detection rate of ETEC antigens and E. coli enterotoxin LT.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Georgios I. I. Papakonstantinou, Dimitrios A. A. Gougoulis, Nikolaos Voulgarakis, Georgios Maragkakis, Dimitrios Galamatis, Labrini V. V. Athanasiou, Vasileios G. G. Papatsiros
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of intramuscular administration of dexamethasone alone or in combination with vitamin E/Se on LBW piglets. The results showed that administering dexamethasone and vitamin E/Se together for 1-3 days after birth can enhance the growth and survival scores of LBW piglets.
VETERINARY SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Nikolaos Voulgarakis, Dimitrios Gougoulis, Dimitra Psalla, Georgios Papakonstantinou, Panagiotis-Dimitrios Katsoulos, Konstantinos Katsoulis, Mariana Angelidou-Tsifida, Labrini Athanasiou, Vasilleios Papatsiros, Georgios Christodoulopoulos
Summary: Subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) is a common nutritional disorder in the dairy and beef industries, causing significant financial losses. This study evaluates the effectiveness of computerized rumen colorimetry in detecting SARA in beef cattle. The results show a positive correlation between rumen pH and color components, suggesting computerized rumen colorimetry as a reliable method for managing SARA in bovine farms.
VETERINARY RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Vasileios G. Papatsiros, Christos Eliopoulos, Nikolaos Voulgarakis, Dimitrios Arapoglou, Insaf Riahi, Meritxell Sadurni, Georgios I. Papakonstantinou
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of a multi-component mycotoxin-detoxifying agent on pregnant and lactating sows. The results showed that the mycotoxin-detoxifying agent can improve oxidative stress response, as well as the health and performance of sows.
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Georgios I. Papakonstantinou, Ioannis Arsenakis, Aris Pourlis, Vasileios G. Papatsiros
Summary: This article reviews organic pig production in Greece, providing information on the production, development, and health status of organic pig farming in the country, as well as the potential prospects for sustainability and future development. The indigenous Greek Black Pig is the most common breed raised on organic farms, and respiratory and parasitic infections are the main health problems, while high piglet mortality rates are the main welfare issue. The article also discusses how farmers and authorities should respond to the demands of modern consumers.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Labrini V. Athanasiou, Eleni G. Katsogiannou, Panagiota Tyrnenopoulou, Dimitrios Gougoulis, Kosmas N. Apostolidis, Stavros M. Papadakis, Kassiopi Christina G. Kokkinaki, Vasileios G. Papatsiros, Constantina N. Tsokana
Summary: This study examined the exposure of horses in Greece to various pathogens and evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of saliva compared to serum. The findings suggest that saliva sampling coupled with IFAT could be successfully used for detecting antibodies against important zoonotic pathogens in horses.
Article
Biology
Georgios I. Papakonstantinou, Dimitra Psalla, Aris Pourlis, Ioanna Stylianaki, Labrini V. Athanasiou, Eleni Tzika, Eleftherios Meletis, Polychronis Kostoulas, George Maragkakis, Georgios Christodoulopoulos, Nikolaos Papaioannou, Vasileios G. Papatsiros
Summary: This study investigated pathological lung lesions in piglets born to gilts vaccinated with PRRSV-1 MLV. The piglets born to gilts vaccinated with the Vac-2 vaccine strain exhibited moderate to severe interstitial pneumonia and type II pneumocyte hyperplasia, while other vaccine groups showed no notable lung lesions.
Article
Agronomy
Georgios I. Papakonstantinou, Eleftherios Meletis, Konstantinos Petrotos, Polychronis Kostoulas, Nikolaos Tsekouras, Maria C. Kantere, Nikolaos Voulgarakis, Dimitrios Gougoulis, Leonidas Filippopoulos, Georgios Christodoulopoulos, Labrini V. Athanasiou, Vasileios G. Papatsiros
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the effects of a commercial phytogenic feed additive (PFA) on preventing post-weaning diarrhea and oxidative stress in piglets. The concentrations of TBARS and CARBS were measured as biomarkers for oxidative damage, along with health and performance parameters of weaned piglets. The results showed that the PFA group had significantly lower TBARS and CARBS concentrations, as well as lower diarrhea scores, indicating improved health and growth performance in the piglets.
Review
Veterinary Sciences
Aris Pourlis, Georgios I. Papakonstantinou, Dimitrios Doukas, Vasileios G. Papatsiros
Summary: This study investigated congenital malformations in pigs associated with anomalous twinning. The most common defect among the recorded conjoined twins was syncephalus thoracopagus or cephalothoracopagus. The pathogenetic mechanisms of this disease, which is common in veterinary practice, are discussed. The importance of embryonic conjoined twins is frequently associated with dystocia.
VETERINARY SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Vasileios Georgios Papatsiros, Ioanna Stylianaki, Constantina Nikolaos Tsokana, Georgios Papakonstantinou, Marios Christophorou, Nikolaos Papaioannou, Labrini Vasileios Athanasiou
Summary: This study reported the histopathological lesions caused by an outbreak of acute Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 8 infections in two farms in Cyprus for the first time. The macroscopic lesions included fibrotic, hemorrhagic, and necrotizing pneumonia with abscesses and pleuritis. Histopathological evaluation revealed fibrous exudate, areas of necrosis, and degenerated bronchial and bronchiolar epithelia. The A. pleuropneumoniae serotype 8 cases were accompanied by acute illness, death, and pronounced bronchitis and bronchiolitis.
VETERINARY RESEARCH FORUM
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Vasileios Papatsiros, Georgios Papakonstantinou, Eleftherios Meletis, Dimitra Bitchava, Polychronis Kostoulas
Summary: The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a double PCV2 vaccination in weaning piglets reared for gilts under field conditions. The study was conducted at a Greek pig farm with a previous history of PCV2 infections. The results indicated that the double-vaccinated piglets had better growth performance and a stronger humoral response against PCV2 compared to the single-vaccinated piglets. These findings suggest that a double PCV2 vaccination could provide higher protection against the virus for piglets reared on PCV2-affected farms.
VETERINARY RESEARCH FORUM
(2023)