Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Meizhu Huang, Dapeng Li, Xinyu Cheng, Qing Pei, Zhiyong Xie, Huating Gu, Xuerong Zhang, Zijun Chen, Aixue Liu, Yi Wang, Fangmiao Sun, Yulong Li, Jiayi Zhang, Miao He, Yuan Xie, Fan Zhang, Xiangbing Qi, Congping Shang, Peng Cao
Summary: Appetitive locomotion is important for animals to approach rewards, but the neuronal circuitry controlling it is still unclear. Researchers discovered an excitatory brain circuit from the superior colliculus to the substantia nigra that enhances appetitive locomotion in mice during predatory hunting, depending on the activity of SNc dopamine neurons.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Istvan Taisz, Erika Dona, Daniel Munch, Shanice N. Bailey, Billy J. Morris, Kimberly I. Meechan, Katie M. Stevens, Irene Varela-Martinez, Marina Gkantia, Philipp Schlegel, Carlos Ribeiro, Gregory S. X. E. Jefferis, Dana S. Galili
Summary: In Drosophila, a specific olfactory channel processes male pheromones, promoting female courtship and repelling males. The processing streams extract qualitative and positional information, with sensory neurons and projection neurons encoding concentration differences and angular positions of males. The third circuit layer consists of 47 cell types with diverse input-output connectivity, enabling behavioral responses in specific ethological contexts through multisensory integration.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anastasios Koutsoumparis, Luisa M. Welp, Alexander Wulf, Henning Urlaub, David Meierhofer, Stefan Boerno, Bernd Timmermann, Inka Busack, Henrik Bringmann
Summary: This study reveals the role of sleep-active neurons in promoting protective gene expression during sleep. Disturbing sleep leads to increased depolarization of sleep-active neurons and further enhances protective gene expression. The findings suggest that sleep deprivation induces a cellular stress response mediated by overactivation of sleep-active neurons.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Geng Pan, Ruonan Li, Guozhong Xu, Shijun Weng, Xiong-li Yang, Limin Yang, Bing Ye
Summary: By studying Drosophila larvae, it was found that gentle mechanical stimuli can inhibit nociceptive responses. This study reveals a novel cross-modal gating mechanism that filters weak nociceptive inputs.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Ann Jane Tierney, Madelyn Haller, Leah Grossman, Hannah Grote, Natalie Marcus-Bauer
Summary: Serotonin is an important regulator of feeding behavior across different animal species. This study examined the modulation of feeding behavior in crayfish by administering serotonin and two serotonin receptor ligands. The results showed that exogenous serotonin and the ligands significantly reduced appetitive behaviors and food consumption, but had no significant effects on appetitive feeding movements.
BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Weiwei Li, Xueguang Zhang, Dianguo Xu
Summary: This article develops an integrated zero common-mode voltage (ZCMV) modulation algorithm that guarantees better current quality and eliminates common-mode voltage when dual-parallel neutral-point-clamped (NPC) inverters are treated as an integrated system. Specially designed switching sequences are used to maintain a balanced neutral point and zero averaged circulating current, ensuring the normal function of the parallel NPC inverters. Experimental results verify the effectiveness of the integrated modulation in eliminating common-mode voltage and reducing output current distortion.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Baizhen Gao, Qing Sun
Summary: Synthetic biology aims to reprogram living systems efficiently, but programming animal physiology remains challenging due to system complexity. By using engineered bacteria, researchers are able to modulate gene expression in Caenorhabditis elegans through genetic circuit controlled RNAi.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Min Yao, Jie Fang, Jiewei Li, Anson Cho Kiu Ng, Jiaxin Liu, Gilberto Ka Kit Leung, Fanglai Song, Jian Zhang, Chunqi Chang
Summary: This study reveals that targeting PTP sigma can improve white matter integrity and sensorimotor recovery in patients with ICH. The study also found that ISP treatment can reduce WM injury in the peri-hematomal region, enhance axonal myelination, and facilitate sensorimotor function restoration as assessed by electrophysiology.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2022)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Karen Rihani, Silke Sachse
Summary: Inter-individual differences in behavioral responses, anatomy or functional properties of neuronal populations of animals having the same genotype were for a long time disregarded. Recent studies have shown that individuals with the same genotype can have significant differences in their behavioral biases and preferences to olfactory stimuli. This review focuses on olfaction in the vinegar fly Drosophila melanogaster and discusses the factors that might influence individuality with regard to olfactory perception.
FRONTIERS IN BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Sudeshna Das Chakraborty, Silke Sachse
Summary: The perception of olfactory signals plays a crucial role in the survival and reproduction of almost all organisms, with many fundamental principles being shared across different animal phyla. The lateral horn in insects, particularly in Drosophila, has been a key center for integrating and processing innate olfactory behavior, garnering increasing attention in recent years. Studies have focused on mapping and characterizing specific cell types in the lateral horn, their functional properties, neurotransmitter profiles, connectivity to partner neurons, and impact on olfactory behavior.
CELL AND TISSUE RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dhruv Zocchi, Emily S. Ye, Virginie Hauser, Thomas F. O'Connell, Elizabeth J. Hong
Summary: In the Drosophila antennal lobe, specific classes of primary olfactory receptor neurons communicate through a novel form of selective crosstalk, which allows for the diverse representation of environmental cues such as CO2 through lateral signaling.
Article
Neurosciences
Byron E. Crimmins, Nura W. Lingawi, Billy C. Chieng, Beatrice K. Leung, Stephen Maren, Vincent Laurent
Summary: The basolateral amygdala receives dense cholinergic projections from the nucleus basalis of Meyer and the horizontal limb of the diagonal band of Broca, and these projections play important roles in the formation, extinction, and renewal of fear memories. Silencing the nucleus basalis of Meyer during fear conditioning weakens fear memory formation and prevents its renewal after extinction. On the other hand, silencing the diagonal band of Broca during fear conditioning has no effect. Blocking nicotinic acetylcholine receptors during fear conditioning mimics the effects of silencing the nucleus basalis of Meyer, while blocking them during extinction has no effect. Overall, the cholinergic signaling in the basolateral amygdala is critical for regulating fear memories.
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Sora Shin, In-Jee You, Minju Jeong, Yeeun Bae, Xiao-Yun Wang, Mikel Leann Cawley, Abraham Han, Byung Kook Lim
Summary: Early-life trauma (ELT) is shown to cause binge eating and obesity later in life, and a study in mice has identified the neural circuits involved in this association. Downregulation of the leptin receptor in the lateral hypothalamus and increased activity of Lepr-expressing neurons are found to be crucial in ELT-induced binge-like eating and obesity. Inhibition of these neurons and activation of certain neurons in the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray can normalize the maladaptive eating habits caused by ELT. This study provides insights into the underlying mechanisms of ELT-induced eating disorders and may lead to the development of new therapeutic targets.
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Mao Kobayashi-Sakashita, Yasushi Kiyokawa, Yukari Takeuchi
Summary: A mixture of hexanal and 4-methylpentanal is a main component of the alarm pheromone in rats. The integration of information from the main olfactory system and the vomeronasal system occurs in the posteroventral part of the medial amygdala before being transmitted to the anterior part of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis. The cortical amygdala, hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus, and other parts of the amygdala are located downstream of the integrated site.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Si Li, Ming Yang, Yu Ma, Jiang Long, Yangyang Chen, Dianguo Xu, Frede Blaabjerg
Summary: An improved modulation strategy based on DPWM technology was proposed to achieve soft switching of ACC, reducing reactive energy transmission loss and current stress. Additionally, the operation principle, stress distribution, and parameter design method of the novel inverter were studied under this modulation strategy.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS
(2022)
Article
Biology
Sachin Sethi, Jing W. Wang
Article
Immunology
Scott A. Lindsay, Samuel J. H. Lin, Steven A. Wasserman
JOURNAL OF INNATE IMMUNITY
(2018)
Article
Neurosciences
Salinee Jantrapirom, De-Shou Cao, Jing W. Wang, Huey Hing, Christopher J. Tabone, Kathryn Lantz, J. Steven de Belle, Yu Tong Qiu, Hans M. Smid, Masamitsu Yamaguchi, Lee G. Fradkin, Jasprina N. Noordermeer, Saranyapin Potikanond
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kang I. Ko, Abby L. Syverson, Richard M. Kralik, Jerry Choi, Brett P. DerGarabedian, Chider Chen, Dana T. Graves
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sachin Sethi, Hui-Hao Lin, Andrew K. Shepherd, Pelin C. Volkan, Chih-Ying Su, Jing W. Wang
Article
Neurosciences
Renny Ng, Secilia S. Salem, Shiuan-Tze Wu, Meilin Wu, Hui-Hao Lin, Andrew K. Shepherd, William J. Joiner, Jing W. Wang, Chih-Ying Su
Article
Immunology
Lianne B. Cohen, Scott A. Lindsay, Yangyang Xu, Samuel J. H. Lin, Steven A. Wasserman
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Joseph P. Fiorellini, Dennis Sourvanos, Constant C. Crohin, Michele Crohin, Jane J. Chang, Marcelo Mattos, Kang I. Ko
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ORAL & MAXILLOFACIAL IMPLANTS
(2020)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Kang I. Ko, Anton Sculean, Dana T. Graves
Summary: Understanding the cellular mechanisms of expedited healing in various oral tissues and how systemic diseases like diabetes impact them is crucial for preventing and treating diabetes-associated oral complications. Diabetes impairs keratinocyte proliferation and migration, increases inflammation, and reduces connective tissue and bone formation in oral wounds.
TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Conrad Foo, Adrian Lozada, Johnatan Aljadeff, Yulong Li, Jing W. Wang, Paul A. Slesinger, David Kleinfeld
Summary: The study showed that mice can voluntarily modulate their spontaneous dopamine impulses through rewards, learning to reliably elicit dopamine impulses prior to receiving a reward.
Article
Biology
Alan R. Kay, Daniel F. Eberl, Jing W. Wang
Summary: Hemolymph is driven through the antennae of Drosophila melanogaster by the rhythmic contraction of muscle 16 (m16), which is an auto-active rhythmic somatic muscle. The activity of m16 leads to the rapid perfusion of the antenna by hemolymph, as well as rhythmic agitation of the brain.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hui-Hao Lin, Meihua Christina Kuang, Imran Hossain, Yinan Xuan, Laura Beebe, Andrew K. Shepherd, Marco Rolandi, Jing W. Wang
Summary: This study explores the molecular and neuronal mechanisms underlying the transition from feeding to courtship in Drosophila melanogaster. The results show that feeding is prioritized over courtship in starved males, but the consumption of protein-rich food rapidly reverses this order. A gut-derived neuropeptide hormone called Diuretic hormone 31 (Dh31) plays a role in switching from feeding to courtship. The findings also reveal that Dh31 stimulates specific brain neurons through the circulation, leading to the prioritization of courtship over feeding through parallel pathways.
Article
Cell Biology
Kang Ko, Jean J. Merlet, Brett P. DerGarabedian, Huang Zhen, Yoko Suzuki-Horiuchi, Matthew L. Hedberg, Eileen Hu, Anh T. Nguyen, Stephen Prouty, Faizan Alawi, Matthew C. Walsh, Yongwon Choi, Sarah E. Millar, Ashley Cliff, Jonathon Romero, Michael R. Garvin, John T. Seykora, Daniel Jacobson, Dana T. Graves
Summary: The study reveals the important role of a specific subpopulation of Prx1(+) fibroblasts in immune regulation of the skin. Disruption of the Ikkb-NF-kappa B pathway in these fibroblasts triggers skin inflammation and results in overexpression of CCL11, leading to eosinophil infiltration and T(H)2 immune response, resembling human atopic dermatitis. Monoclonal antibody treatment targeting CCL11 shows promising efficacy in a mouse model.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Alexia L. Carboni, Mark A. Hanson, Scott A. Lindsay, Steven A. Wasserman, Bruno Lemaitre
Summary: Cecropins are small helical secreted peptides with antimicrobial activity that play an important role in host defense. Experimental studies have shown that Cecropins play a role in defense against Gram-negative bacteria and fungi in fruit flies.
Article
Immunology
Kang I. I. Ko, Brett P. P. DerGarabedian, Zhaoxu Chen, Rahul Debnath, Annette Ko, Brittany N. N. Link, Jonathan M. M. Korostoff, Dana T. T. Graves
Summary: Oral mucosa heals fast with minimal scarring, but the cellular mechanisms are unclear. This study identifies Prx1(+) cells as a critical fibroblast subpopulation that accelerates mucosal healing by facilitating early immune response.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2022)