Article
Immunology
Alan D. Radford, David A. Singleton, Chris Jewell, Charlotte Appleton, Barry Rowlingson, Alison C. Hale, Carmen Tamayo Cuartero, Richard Newton, Fernando Sanchez-Vizcaino, Danielle Greenberg, Beth Brant, Eleanor G. Bentley, James P. Stewart, Shirley Smith, Sam Haldenby, P-J M. Noble, Gina L. Pinchbeck
Summary: The study presents evidence on the effectiveness of a system that enabled early detection and rapid response to a canine gastroenteritis outbreak in the United Kingdom, with male dogs and dogs living with other vomiting dogs being more likely affected. Diet and vaccination status were not associated with the disease.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Ali Bouattour, Amine Amri, Jaber Amine Belkhiria, Adel Rhim, Ons Fezaa, Jean-Charles Gantier, Youmna M'ghirbi
Summary: Leishmania infantum, an intracellular protozoan responsible for zoonotic canine leishmaniosis, has a high prevalence in dogs in Tunisia, varying by bioclimatic area and age group. The expansion of infection in dog population may be attributed to ecological, agronomic, social, and climatic factors.
PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gianmario Rinaldi, Prathyush P. Menon, Antonella Ferrara, W. David Strain, Christopher Edwards
Summary: This study explores the use of an epidemiological compartmental model to devise a periodic adaptive suppression/intervention policy to alleviate the pressure on the UK's National Health Service (NHS) caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The results show that the proposed policy has the potential to reduce hospitalization by an average of 58% per month and remains effective in various future scenarios.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Maria Paz Peris, Paula Ortega-Hernandez, Mariano Morales, Juan Antonio Castillo, Bernardino Moreno
Summary: This study presents three cases of dogs experimentally infected with Leishmania infantum that showed atypical lesions of canine leishmaniosis. Microscopic and parasitological studies should be performed on atypical lesions observed in Leishmania-infected and non-infected dogs, especially in endemic regions. Leishmaniosis should be considered when atypical nodular lesions are observed in dogs from non-endemic regions with a history of travel to endemic regions.
Article
Immunology
Grace B. Tyson, Sarah Jones, Nicola Logan, Michael McDonald, Leigh Marshall, Pablo R. Murcia, Brian J. Willett, William Weir, Margaret J. Hosie
Summary: The study highlights the significance of monitoring felids for exposure to circulating variants of SARS-CoV-2 due to anthropogenic transmission. Testing cats in the United Kingdom revealed a peak in seroprevalence during September 2021-February 2022. The delayed variant-specific response in cats compared to humans suggests prolonged human-to-cat transmissions.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Maria Alfonsa Cavalera, Floriana Gernone, Annamaria Uva, Rossella Donghia, Grazia Carelli, Roberta Iatta, Andrea Zatelli
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) in Leishmania infantum-seropositive dogs and its correlation with the clinical form of Canine leishmaniosis (CanL) and acute phase proteins (APPs). The results showed that dogs with CanL active form have significantly higher ESR levels compared to exposed and healthy dogs. ESR evaluation can be considered as a simple and useful inflammatory biomarker for the diagnosis of CanL active form.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Erin A. Beasley, Danielle Pessoa-Pereira, Breanna M. Scorza, Christine A. Petersen
Summary: Canine leishmaniosis (CanL) is a severe, visceralizing disease caused by Leishmania infantum, transmitted by phlebotomine sand flies. Co-infections with other tick-borne diseases are common in regions where CanL is endemic. These co-infections can impact immune responses and disease progression, affecting diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of CanL. Further research is needed to explore the immunomodulation and clinical impact of co-infections in dogs with CanL.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Graziella Borges Alves, Talita Carolina Braganca de Oliveira, Lilian Colebrusco Rodas, Daniela Bernadete Rozza, Alex Akira Nakamura, Elis Domingos Ferrari, Debora Regina Romualdo da Silva, Gisele Moraes dos Santos, Eliana Bravo Calemes, Keuryn Alessandra Mira Luz Requena, Walter Bertequini Nagata, Thais Rabelo Santos-Doni, Katia Denise Saraiva Bresciani
Summary: This study assessed the effectiveness of a polymer matrix collar containing 10% imidacloprid and 4.5% flumethrin for the prevention of canine leishmaniosis in Brazil. The results showed that the collar was 89.2% effective in protecting against L. infantum infection and was safe and efficient for use in highly prone endemic regions.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Sebastian Griffin, Fabio Stabile, Luisa De Risio
Summary: The aim of this study was to gain insight into how primary care veterinarians in the UK diagnose and treat canine idiopathic epilepsy, as well as their perceived challenges in managing the condition. The results showed that most participants had a low caseload of canine IE and used phenobarbital as the first line treatment. Many participants also found managing client expectations and canine IE emergencies to be challenging.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Ozan Aksoy
Summary: This study finds that mothers influence their child's compliance with social-distancing guidelines and suggests that family dynamics play a role in compliance with these measures.
NATURE HUMAN BEHAVIOUR
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Michela Pugliese, Alessandra Sfacteria, Gaetano Oliva, Annastella Falcone, Manuela Gizzarelli, Annamaria Passantino
Summary: This study investigated the role of oxidative stress parameters (ROMs, OXY, SHp), the Oxidative Stress index (OSi), and High Mobility Group Box-1 protein (HMGB-1) in canine leishmaniosis. Results suggest a potential role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of CanL. Further studies are needed to explore the direct correlation between inflammation parameters and the different stages of CanL, as well as the role of ROMs in the onset of anemia.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Roberto Vivancos, Charlotte Anderson, Paula Blomquist, Sooria Balasegaram, Anita Bell, Louise Bishop, Colin S. Brown, Yimmy Chow, Obaghe Edeghere, Isaac Florence, Sarah Logan, Petra Manley, William Crowe, Andrew McAuley, Ananda Giri Shankar, Borja Mora-Peris, Karthik Paranthaman, Mateo Prochazka, Cian Ryan, David Simons, Richard Vipond, Chloe Byers, Nicholas A. Watkins, Will Welfare, Elizabeth Whittaker, Claire Dewsnap, Allegra Wilson, Yvonne Young, Meera Chand, Steven Riley, Susan Hopkins
Summary: Between 7 and 25 May, 86 cases of monkeypox have been confirmed in the UK, with only one case known to have traveled to a monkeypox virus endemic country. The majority of the cases were males, among which 66 reported being gay, bisexual, or men who have sex with men. This is the first sustained human-to-human transmission of monkeypox in the UK, occurring through close contacts, including sexual networks. Ongoing efforts are being made to improve case identification and prevent further transmission.
Article
Microbiology
Sergi Segarra
Summary: Leishmaniasis is a growing zoonotic disease exacerbated by climate change, with dogs as the main reservoir. Standard treatment for canine leishmaniosis is effective but not always sufficient, highlighting the potential role of dietary nucleotides in modulating the immune response for better disease management.
Article
Microbiology
Manuela Gizzarelli, Valentina Manzillo, Antonio Inglese, Serena Montagnaro, Gaetano Oliva
Summary: The study evaluated the efficacy of the MIL-AL protocol for the long-term treatment of canine leishmaniosis. The findings showed that MIL-AL was effective in improving clinical symptoms and clinicopathological indicators in dogs with the disease, with minimal side effects.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Stuart N. N. Riddick, Denise L. L. Mauzerall
Summary: The UK government's NAEI, which provides greenhouse gas emission data to the UNFCCC, substantially underestimates methane leakage from offshore oil and gas sources. We suggest alternative integrated approaches to estimate fugitive emissions, which result in a five-fold increase in methane emissions compared to the NAEI estimate. Outdated/incorrect emission factors, incomplete activity data, and incomplete data on vented emissions contribute to the underestimation.
ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
(2023)