Article
Immunology
Dorothea Buensow, Eshraq Tantawy, Tjorven Ostermeier, Heike Baehre, Annette Garbe, Jesper Larsen, Volker Winstel
Summary: MRSP, an emerging zoonotic pathogen of canine origin, relies on specific enzymes NucB and AdsA for pathogenesis, leading to selective killing of host immune cells through a specific pathway, which may aid in the development of new therapeutic strategies.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sang Guen Kim, Sib Sankar Giri, Saekil Yun, Sang Wha Kim, Se Jin Han, Jun Kwon, Woo Teak Oh, Sung Bin Lee, Yong Ho Park, Se Chang Park
Summary: This study characterized antimicrobial resistance in Staphylococcus pseudintermedius from canine samples, and isolated two novel bacteriophages, pSp-J and pSp-S, from canine pet parks in South Korea with potential to control methicillin-resistant S. pseudintermedius. The phages showed stability and efficacy in preventing and degrading biofilms at different doses, demonstrating their potential for treating this pathogen.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Parasitology
Gabriela Merker Breyer, Bianca Fagundes Saggin, Silvia de Carli, Maria Eduarda Rocha Jacques da Silva, Mateus Matiuzzi da Costa, Bertram Brenig, Vasco Ariston de Carvalho Azevedo, Marisa Ribeiro de Itapema Cardoso, Franciele Maboni Siqueira
Summary: This study aims to uncover the virulence profile of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius strains from canine origin. MRSP and MSSP strains were compared to determine their clinical implications. The findings highlight the wide spread of highly virulent and drug-resistant strains, posing potential concerns for One Health issues.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Kirill V. Ovchinnikov, Christian Kranjec, Tage Thorstensen, Harald Carlsen, Dzung B. Diep
Summary: The rise of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is a major challenge in human and veterinary medicine. This study highlights the importance of searching for antimicrobials for veterinary applications to prevent the misuse of frontline clinical antibiotics. The research shows that a combination of bacteriocins, namely micrococcin P1 and EntEJ97s, with conventional antibiotic penicillin G can synergistically combat methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP), a common pathogen in animal skin infections, and prevent the development of resistance. It also demonstrates the therapeutic potential of this combination in a murine skin infection model.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Elisabetta Buommino, Adriana Vollaro, Francesca P. Nocera, Francesca Lembo, Marina DellaGreca, Luisa De Martino, Maria R. Catania
Summary: Resin acid, specifically abietic acid, has been shown to exhibit significant antimicrobial activity against MRSP, increasing the susceptibility of MRSP strains to oxacillin. Additionally, it demonstrates a moderate antagonistic effect on the vitality of treated MSSP and MRSP biofilms, as well as reducing the expression of mecA, mecR1, and mec1 genes. These findings suggest the potential of abietic acid as a therapeutic agent in combinatorial antibiotic therapy against MRSP.
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shreya Kanth, Akshatha Nagaraja, Yashoda Malgar Puttaiahgowda
Summary: The current global death rate is threatened by deadly unknown infections and the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria. Combatting drug-resistant bacteria, such as MRSA, has become a daunting challenge globally, with polymer synthesis being explored as a significant approach in preventing the spread of infections.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Zhimin Bai, Min Chen, Qiaofa Lin, Ying Ye, Hongmei Fan, Kaizhen Wen, Jianxing Zeng, Donghong Huang, Wenfei Mo, Ying Lei, Zhijun Liao
Summary: By extracting feature vectors from protein sequences and using classification tools, MRSA and MSSA were successfully distinguished. MRSA showed high resistance to penicillin and high pathogenic risk. Cross-infection between different types of MRSA was found in Quanzhou, and MRSA in traditional hospitals exhibited increasingly blurred molecular characteristics.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Joshua. B. Parsons, Annette. C. Westgeest, Brian. P. B. Conlon, Vance. G. Fowler
Summary: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a deadly pathogen that can persist in the bloodstream for days despite appropriate antibiotics. Persistent MRSA bacteremia is common and associated with poor clinical outcomes. This review explores the factors related to host-pathogen interaction and discusses the clinical relevance of each element. Treatment options and diagnostic approaches for managing persistent MRSA bacteremia are also discussed.
Article
Microbiology
Vanessa Silva, Ana Oliveira, Vera Manageiro, Manuela Canica, Diogo Contente, Rosa Capita, Carlos Alonso-Calleja, Isabel Carvalho, Jose L. Capelo, Gilberto Igrejas, Patricia Poeta
Summary: The study aimed to characterize the antimicrobial resistance and clonal lineages of MRSP isolated from canine cutaneous pyoderma. The majority of isolates belonged to ST123 and exhibited multidrug resistance, posing a significant threat to animal health.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Feiteng Zhu, Hemu Zhuang, Shujuan Ji, Er Xu, Lingfang Di, Zhengan Wang, Shengnan Jiang, Haiping Wang, Lu Sun, Ping Shen, Yunsong Yu, Yan Chen
Summary: The study found that in households of CA-MRSA infected patients in China, most MRSA isolates belonged to epidemic CA-MRSA clones, while no MRSA was detected in the control group households. The research revealed that the home environment is an important reservoir for MRSA.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Bojan Papic, Majda Golob, Irena Zdovc, Darja Kusar, Jana Avbersek
Summary: Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is a common cause of skin infections in dogs, cats, and humans, with the frequency of MRSP strains increasing worldwide. A study in Slovenia found multiple MRSP transmission routes and highlighted the importance of MRSP-positive dogs in veterinary care-associated infections.
VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Melissa J. Karau, Suzannah M. Schmidt-Malan, Scott A. Cunningham, Jayawant N. Mandrekar, Bobbi S. Pritt, Tiffany R. Keepers, Alisa W. Serio, Surya Chitra, Robin Patel
Summary: Omadacycline, vancomycin, and rifampin, as well as rifampin combination therapies, were evaluated in an experimental rat model of MRSA osteomyelitis. The results showed that rifampin combination therapy was effective in reducing MRSA recovery without developing resistance. The combination of omadacycline and rifampin yielded negative MRSA detection, suggesting its potential as a treatment for osteomyelitis.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nathita Phumthanakorn, Sybille Schwendener, Valentina Dona, Pattrarat Chanchaithong, Vincent Perreten, Nuvee Prapasarakul
Summary: This study conducted genomic comparative analyses of MRSP isolates from dogs and humans, revealing differences in prophage distribution and identification of a novel composite pathogenicity island in ST181 isolates. Among the different STs, ST45 isolates showed the highest genomic diversity, suggesting potential host adaptation leading to different colonization patterns.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jian Peng, Biswajit Mishra, Rajamohammed Khader, LewisOscar Felix, Eleftherios Mylonakis
Summary: In this study, a smaller antimicrobial peptide C18 derived from cecropin 4 showed high antibacterial activity against various bacteria and yeasts, with a remarkable effect on drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. C18 also exhibited the capability to eliminate persister cells, reduce biofilm adherence, interact with DNA, and down-regulate virulence factor genes. Moreover, C18 showed promising results in a Galleria mellonella model, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic candidate for severe MRSA infections.
Article
Biology
Usasom Khongsri, Peerawit Chongrattanameteekul, Sineenart Chantarachart, Kornravee Photichai, Nittaya Chanayat, Thanya Varinrak, Raktham Mektrirat, Nuttawan Srifawattana
Summary: The prevalence of MRSP causing pyoderma is changing gradually, with annual variations. Research on cotrimazole susceptibility to MRSP is limited, but the empirical use of cotrimazole remains interesting. This study aimed to evaluate the susceptibility of cotrimazole to canine pyoderma MRSP isolates.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
P. Flores-Ahlschwede, S. K. Kahn, S. Ahlschwede, A. I. Bordin, N. D. Cohen
Summary: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of transfusing 2 L and 1 L of REHIP to foals in reducing the incidence of pneumonia attributed to Rhodococcus equi. The results suggest that transfusing 2 L of REHIP may be more effective in reducing the risk of pneumonia, but the study is limited by its observational design and presumptive diagnosis methods.
EQUINE VETERINARY EDUCATION
(2022)
Review
Veterinary Sciences
Angela Bordin, Laura Huber, Macarena G. Sanz, Noah D. Cohen
Summary: This narrative review summarizes recent developments in the epidemiology, immune responses, treatment, and prevention of rhodococcal pneumonia in foals. Screening tests have been used for early detection and treatment, macrolide antimicrobials in combination with rifampin are recommended for treatment, and passive immunisation is the only available method to reduce incidence.
EQUINE VETERINARY JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Alexandra N. Myers, Sara D. Lawhon, Alison B. Diesel, Charles W. Bradley, Aline Rodrigues Hoffmann, William J. Murphy
Summary: This study identified genetic variants in Persian cats contributing to the severe phenotype of dermatophytosis. The study found a highly divergent, disease-associated haplotype on chromosome F1 containing the S100 family of genes. Additionally, the study revealed the upregulation of calprotectin expression during dermatophytosis, indicating its involvement in disease pathogenesis. The findings suggest that the identified allele may have beneficial effects against other pathogens. Further research is needed to clarify the nature of severe Persian dermatophytosis and investigate the potential of engineering antimicrobial peptides for treatment.
Article
Microbiology
Ellen Ruth A. Morris, Jing Wu, Angela Bordin, Sara D. Lawhon, Noah D. Cohen
Summary: This study characterized the genomic and methylomic differences of multiple SEE and SEZ isolates from Texas. The results showed that genetic mobile elements in SEE and differential methylation of shared genes between SEE and SEZ might contribute to the host specificity of SEE.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Sarah A. Murray, Ashlyn C. Holbert, Keri N. Norman, Sara D. Lawhon, Jason E. Sawyer, Harvey M. Scott
Summary: The study found that feeding the macrolide tylosin significantly increased the relative quantity of erythromycin-resistant enterococci in cattle. However, when the cows were also fed a macrolide-susceptible probiotic, this effect was diminished, suggesting the probiotic may help mitigate resistance. The long-term sustainability of this approach, however, remains unclear.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Noah D. Cohen, Susanne K. Kahn, Angela Bordin, Giana M. Gonzales, Bibiana Petri da Silveira, Jocelyne M. Bray, Rebecca M. Legere, Sophia C. Ramirez-Cortez
Summary: The fecal concentration of virulent Rhodococcus equi before infection is positively associated with protection against pneumonia in foals.
JOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Veterinary Sciences
Susanne K. Kahn, Noah D. Cohen, Angela Bordin, Michelle C. Coleman, James C. Heird, Thomas H. Welsh
Summary: Rhodococcus equi bacterium causes prevalent pneumonia in foals worldwide. Transfusion of hyperimmune plasma from donor horses is widely used to reduce the incidence of pneumonia, but the effectiveness and risks are still uncertain.
EQUINE VETERINARY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Abbi K. Brock, Ana M. Chamoun-Emanuelli, Emily A. Howard, Katie D. Huntzinger, Sara D. Lawhon, Laura K. Bryan, Elizabeth M. Cosgriff-Hernandez, Noah D. Cohen, Canaan M. Whitfield-Cargile
Summary: This study compared the load and diversity of cultivatable bacterial species isolated from tissue biopsies with cultures from surface swabs, as well as the ability of each technique to detect MRSA in a model of MRSA-infected equine wounds. The results showed that tissue biopsy cultures were more reliable in detecting MRSA compared to surface swab cultures.
VETERINARY SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Gizem Levent, Ashlynn Schlochtermeier, Javier Vinasco, Jenny Jennings, John Richeson, Samuel E. Ives, Keri N. Norman, Sara D. Lawhon, Guy H. Loneragan, H. Morgan Scott
Summary: Extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ESBL) and AmpC-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae pose serious health risks. A controlled feedlot trial on cattle revealed that the use of certain antibiotics resulted in the emergence of drug-resistant E. coli, with a high prevalence of multidrug-resistant ESBL/AmpC E. coli in cattle feces.
Review
Microbiology
Erik Munson, Sara D. D. Lawhon, Claire R. R. Burbick, Amanda Zapp, Maia Villaflor, Elizabeth Thelen
Summary: Novel bacterial taxonomy and nomenclature revisions can have significant impacts on clinical practice, disease epidemiology, and veterinary microbiology laboratory operations, especially in zoonotic diseases. The expansion of research on the microbiota of humans, animals, and insects has potential implications for the taxonomy of clinically relevant organisms. This study addresses novel revisions in veterinary taxonomy and nomenclature, focusing on descriptions of new pathogens and revisions in various bacterial families.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Microbiology
Sara D. Lawhon, Claire R. Burbick, Erik Munson, Amanda Zapp, Elizabeth Thelen, Maia Villaflor
Summary: Revisions and new additions to bacterial taxonomy have a significant impact on clinical practice, infectious disease epidemiology, veterinary microbiology laboratory operations, and wildlife conservation efforts. Genome sequencing technologies have revolutionized our understanding of the microbiota of humans, animals, and insects.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Leslie Easterwood, Noah D. Cohen
Summary: Evaluating horse body temperature is crucial for monitoring their health and biosecurity. Although rectal thermometry is commonly used, it has safety concerns. This study compared a non-contact infrared thermometer and a rectal digital thermometer, and found that while the non-contact infrared thermometer showed good reliability, it had a large and inconsistent negative bias compared to the rectal thermometer in healthy horses. Therefore, these devices are not suitable substitutes for rectal thermometry in obtaining accurate core body temperature estimates in horses.
JOURNAL OF EQUINE VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Kari E. E. Bevevino, Noah D. D. Cohen, Sonya G. G. Gordon, Cristobal Navas de Solis
Summary: A POCUS protocol for cardiorespiratory assessment in horses was successfully conducted using a pocket-sized ultrasound device, which was proven to be effective and capable of detecting abnormalities in different groups of horses. Further evaluation of the diagnostic accuracy and utility of the CRASH protocol is warranted.
JOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Bo A. Brock, Hunter R. Greer, Clifford M. Honnas, Brad E. Gilleland, Myra F. Barrett, James N. Moore, Noah Cohen
Summary: The study of "Core Osteostixis Combined with Navicular Bursoscopy Improves Lameness in Horses with Osseous Cyst-Like Lesions: A Case Series" suggests that core osteostixis combined with navicular bursoscopy can improve lameness in horses with osseous cyst-like lesions.
VETERINARY MEDICINE-RESEARCH AND REPORTS
(2023)
