Article
Microbiology
Alec Truswell, Tanya J. J. Laird, Suzanna Jones, Mark O'Dea, John Blinco, Rebecca Abraham, Daniel Morison, David Jordan, David J. J. Hampson, Stanley Pang, Sam Abraham
Summary: Infection with Pasteurella multocida poses a significant economic threat to Australian pig producers. However, there is limited knowledge about its antimicrobial susceptibilities and genomic characterization in porcine lower respiratory disease. This study investigated 252 clinical P. multocida isolates collected between 2014 and 2019 using high-throughput robotics. The overall antimicrobial resistance was low, except for the tetracycline class. Dominant sequence types were identified, indicating interspecies transmission and biosecurity threat to the Australian livestock industry.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Madalina Iulia Siteavu, Roxana Ionela Drugea, Elena Pitoiu, Emilia Ciobotaru-Pirvu
Summary: Antimicrobial resistance is an important health issue in human and veterinary medicine. This study monitored the antimicrobial resistance of three key bacteria in porcine respiratory disease. The results showed that these bacteria maintained high susceptibility to commonly used antimicrobial agents, but had high resistance rates to certain drugs.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Mohamed Sabry Abd Elraheam Elsayed, Samah Mahmoud Eldsouky, Tamer Roshdy, Lamia Said, Nahed Thabet, Tamer Allam, A. B. Abeer Mohammed, Ghada M. Nasr, Mohamed S. M. Basiouny, Behairy A. Akl, Maha M. Nader, Al Shaimaa Hasan, Ahmed Salah
Summary: Pasteurella multocida isolates recovered from apparently healthy and diseased cattle and humans in Egypt showed diverse capsular types and virulence gene combinations, exhibiting high levels of antimicrobial resistance. Detection of resistance genes co-occurrence led to multiple drug-resistant phenotypes, highlighting the potential risk to livestock and humans.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Julia Jerab, Wiebke Jansen, John Blackwell, Jobke van Hout, Andreas Palzer, Stephen Lister, Ilias Chantziaras, Jeroen Dewulf, Nancy De Briyne
Summary: Veterinary professionals have made major efforts to reduce the use of antibiotics in animals. A survey conducted by the Federation of Veterinarians of Europe found that only 17% of veterinarians applied metaphylactic group treatments to a significant portion of their treatments. Gram-negative bacteria were identified as the most devastating pathogens. Responding veterinarians suggested vaccinations, improved biosecurity, and improved herd health management as effective alternatives to metaphylactic treatment.
Article
Microbiology
Hang Xiao, Qin Zhao, Jianlin Yuan, Wei Liang, Rui Wu, Yiping Wen, Senyan Du, Yiping Wang, Shan Zhao, Yifei Lang, Qigui Yan, Xiaobo Huang, Sanjie Cao
Summary: In this study, it was found that IFN-γ plays an important role in regulating Pasteurella multocida toxin-associated pneumonia. IFN-γ deficiency alleviates the severity of pneumonia, increases the survival rate, and reduces lung pathology. Additionally, IFN-γ deficiency decreases myeloperoxidase expression and impairs PANoptosis activation markers, including caspase 3, GSDMD, and MLKL, as well as reduces IL-1 beta expression.
VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Tamara Alhamami, Piklu Roy Chowdhury, Nancy Gomes, Mandi Carr, Tania Veltman, Manouchehr Khazandi, Joanne Mollinger, Ania T. Deutscher, Conny Turni, Layla Mahdi, Henrietta Venter, Sam Abraham, Steven P. Djordjevic, Darren J. Trott
Summary: The study identified varying levels of antimicrobial resistance in Manheimia haemolytica and Pasteurella multocoda isolates from BRD cases in Australia, confirming the first emergence of AMR. Close monitoring of the situation is warranted.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Alexander Melchner, Sarah van de Berg, Nelly Scuda, Andrea Feuerstein, Matthias Hanczaruk, Magdalena Schumacher, Reinhard K. Straubinger, Durdica Marosevic, Julia M. Riehm
Summary: The study found widespread antimicrobial resistance in bacteria isolated from calves, cattle, and dairy cows in Bavaria, Germany, with a significant increase in multidrug-resistant strains. The proportion of resistant bacteria was significantly higher in farms with larger herd sizes and in fattening farms compared to dairy farms.
Article
Microbiology
Tamara Alhamami, Piklu Roy Chowdhury, Henrietta Venter, Tania Veltman, Alec Truswell, Sam Abraham, Sylvia A. Sapula, Mandi Carr, Steven P. Djordjevic, Darren J. Trott
Summary: Pasteurella multocida isolates from Australian feedlot cattle with bovine respiratory disease exhibited significant genetic diversity, with different capsular serogroups, lipopolysaccharide genotypes, and sequence types. Additionally, antibiotic resistance was predominantly observed in certain sequence types. The study provides insights into the genomic diversity and antimicrobial resistance associations of P. multocida in Australia.
VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Haoyi Lin, Zhihui Liu, Yingchun Zhou, Weiguo Lu, Qian Xu
Summary: Pasteurella multocida is a major zoonotic pathogen that can cause infections in humans through close contact with cats. This study examined the prevalence of P. multocida in cat-themed cafes in South China and found that almost half of the cats tested positive for the bacteria. The strains of P. multocida were highly resistant to erythromycin and insensitive to fluoroquinolones, posing challenges for clinical treatment.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Zolzaya Byambajav, Erdenebat Bulgan, Yuji Hirai, Momoko Nakayama, Misaki Tanaka, Yurika Nitta, Akio Suzuki, Takashi Umemura, Bold Altankhuu, Alimaa Tsagaan, Batbaatar Vanaabaatar, Erdenebaatar Janchivdorj, Nyam-Osor Purevdorj, Narantuya Ayushjav, Takeshi Yamasaki, Motohiro Horiuchi
Summary: This study isolated and characterized Campylobacter spp. from chickens in Mongolia, finding resistance to multiple antibiotics. Some C. jejuni/C. coli isolates were resistant to nalidixic acid and fluoroquinolones, with specific genetic mechanisms for resistance identified. Multilocus sequence typing and phylogenetic analyses revealed genetic variation and potential links to other countries. This study represents the first report on antimicrobial resistance of Campylobacter spp. in farm animals in Mongolia, providing valuable insights for antibiotic use in this region.
Article
Microbiology
Thomas R. Smallman, Galain C. Williams, Marina Harper, John D. Boyce
Summary: This study identified essential genes for in vitro growth of P. multocida and genes required for hyaluronic acid capsule production and regulation using transposon-directed insertion site sequencing (TraDIS) and TraDISort. It found that many capsule-associated genes were involved in the stringent response, and disruption of the autoregulatory domains in SpoT resulted in reduced capsule biosynthesis and an acapsular phenotype.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
R. H. T. Nijhuis, R. G. Duinsbergen, A. Pol, P. C. R. Godschalk
Summary: Chlamydia trachomatis is most prevalent in the population, followed by Mycoplasma genitalium and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. By using molecular assays to detect RAM in addition to pathogen identification, optimal therapy recommendations can be provided.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Xue-Song Li, Yu Qi, Jun-Ze Xue, Guan-Yi Xu, Yu-Xuan Xu, Xuan-Yu Li, Inam Muhammad, Ling-Cong Kong, Hong-Xia Ma
Summary: The study found that Pasteurella multocida, a major pathogen of bovine respiratory disease, showed high resistance to the commonly used antibiotic enrofloxacin. Transcriptome sequencing revealed that the expression of the satP gene changed significantly with increasing drug resistance. Further experiments confirmed that the satP gene is related to the resistance and pathogenicity of Pasteurella multocida and may serve as a target for synergistic effects with enrofloxacin.
VETERINARY SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Callyn Mariah Wren, Jill Cowper, Nickie Greer, Laurel Goldin, Alicia Perry
Summary: Reduced fluoroquinolone use in a large healthcare system was associated with increased usage of broad-spectrum cephalosporins, decreased CDI rates, and improvements in resistance patterns.
Article
Immunology
Rui Zhang, Shuo Tian, Tengfei Zhang, Wenting Zhang, Qin Lu, Qiao Hu, Huabin Shao, Yunqing Guo, Qingping Luo
Summary: Objective: This study aimed to investigate the antibacterial effects and mechanism of action of coptisine against Pasteurella multocida. Results: Coptisine exhibited strong antibacterial activity against P. multocida, with a safe concentration range. It inhibited bacterial growth, affected cell wall permeability, disrupted the cell structure, and blocked respiratory enzymes, protein synthesis, and DNA synthesis. Furthermore, coptisine influenced gene transcription in P. multocida. Conclusion: Coptisine could be a potential alternative to antibiotics for the treatment of P. multocida infections.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Pierre-Louis Toutain, Ludovic Pelligand, Peter Lees, Alain Bousquet-Melou, Aude A. Ferran, John D. Turnidge
Summary: Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) modelling plays a crucial role in optimizing dosage regimens for systemically acting antimicrobial drugs (AMDs), with PK/PD indices being universally applicable across animal species. Two commonly used PK/PD indices in veterinary medicine are fAUC/MIC and fT > MIC. This review discusses more advanced PK/PD approaches and their applications in veterinary medicine, highlighting the importance of these indices in dose determination and establishing clinical breakpoints for antimicrobial susceptibility testing.
JOURNAL OF VETERINARY PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Elodie Anne Lallemand, Claudine Zemirline, Pierre-Louis Toutain, Alain Bousquet-Melou, Aude A. Ferran, Severine Boullier
Summary: This study demonstrates that macrophages can cooperate with cephalexin at lower bacterial inoculum sizes and protect Staphylococcus aureus from cephalexin killing activity, but are overwhelmed when exposed to large inoculums. Increasing the bacterial inoculum size results in decreased macrophage viability and reduced bactericidal activity, with the highest inoculum size leading to higher bacterial counts in the presence of macrophages and cephalexin compared to cephalexin alone.
BMC VETERINARY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Taisuke Kuroda, Yohei Minamijima, Hidekazu Niwa, Norihisa Tamura, Hiroshi Mita, Kentaro Fukuda, Masahiro Kaimachi, Yuto Suzuki, Yuki Enoki, Kazuaki Taguchi, Kazuaki Matsumoto, Pierre-Louis Toutain, Alain Bousquet-Melou, Yoshinori Kasashima
Summary: The study found that different dosage regimens of first-generation cephalosporins cephalothin and cefazolin are required to control infections in horses based on the MIC90 against different bacteria, according to PK/PD concepts.
EQUINE VETERINARY JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Konstantinos Koutsoumanis, Ana Allende, Avelino Alvarez-Ordonez, Declan Bolton, Sara Bover-Cid, Marianne Chemaly, Robert Davies, Alessandra De Cesare, Lieve Herman, Friederike Hilbert, Roland Lindqvist, Maarten Nauta, Giuseppe Ru, Marion Simmons, Panagiotis Skandamis, Elisabetta Suffredini, Dan Andersson, Vasileios Bampidis, Johan Bengtsson-Palme, Damien Bouchard, Aude Ferran, Maryline Kouba, Secundino Lopez Puente, Marta Lopez-Alonso, Soren Saxmose Nielsen, Alena Pechova, Mariana Petkova, Sebastien Girault, Alessandro Broglia, Beatriz Guerra, Matteo Lorenzo Innocenti, Ernesto Liebana, Gloria Lopez-Galvez, Paola Manini, Pietro Stella, Luisa Peixe
Summary: The EFSA collaborated with the EMA to assess specific concentrations of amoxicillin and penicillin V in non-target feed for food-producing animals. The study aimed to understand the effects on bacterial resistance and growth promotion. New assessment models were recommended for addressing antimicrobial resistance, along with the need for further data to fill the gaps in calculations.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Ana Allende, Konstantinos Koutsoumanis, Ana Allende, Avelino Alvarez-Ordonez, Declan Bolton, Sara Bover-Cid, Marianne Chemaly, Robert Davies, Alessandra De Cesare, Lieve Herman, Friederike Hilbert, Roland Lindqvist, Maarten Nauta, Giuseppe Ru, Marion Simmons, Panagiotis Skandamis, Elisabetta Suffredini, Dan Andersson, Vasileios Bampidis, Johan Bengtsson-Palme, Damien Bouchard, Aude Ferran, Maryline Kouba, Secundino Lopez Puente, Marta Lopez-Alonso, Soren Saxmose Nielsen, Alena Pechova, Mariana Petkova, Sebastien Girault, Alessandro Broglia, Beatriz Guerra, Matteo Lorenzo Innocenti, Ernesto Liebana, Gloria Lopez-Galvez, Paola Manini, Pietro Stella, Luisa Peixe
Summary: The European Food Safety Authority and the European Medicines Agency collaborated to assess the effects of antibiotic concentrations in feed on antimicrobial resistance and growth promotion. Due to data gaps, assessments for some antibiotics could not be completed, and further studies are recommended to fill these gaps.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Konstantinos Koutsoumanis, Ana Allende, Avelino Alvarez-Ordonez, Declan Bolton, Sara Bover-Cid, Marianne Chemaly, Robert Davies, Alessandra De Cesare, Lieve Herman, Friederike Hilbert, Roland Lindqvist, Maarten Nauta, Giuseppe Ru, Marion Simmons, Panagiotis Skandamis, Elisabetta Suffredini, Dan Andersson, Vasileios Bampidis, Johan Bengtsson-Palme, Damien Bouchard, Aude Ferran, Maryline Kouba, Secundino Lopez Puente, Marta Lopez-Alonso, Soren Saxmose Nielsen, Alena Pechova, Mariana Petkova, Sebastien Girault, Alessandro Broglia, Beatriz Guerra, Matteo Lorenzo Innocenti, Ernesto Liebana, Gloria Lopez-Galvez, Paola Manini, Pietro Stella, Luisa Peixe
Summary: EFSA collaborated with EMA to assess the specific concentrations of lincomycin in non-target feed for their effect on resistance and growth promotion. However, due to data gaps, the assessment could not be concluded. Further studies are recommended to fill the data gaps.
Article
Microbiology
Aurore Perault, Catherine Turlan, Nathalie Eynard, Quentin Valle, Alain Bousquet-Melou, Etienne Giraud
Summary: Recent studies have shown that both resistance and tolerance/persistence levels can evolve rapidly in bacteria exposed to repeated antibiotic treatments. This study used in vitro evolution to explore the selection of tolerant/hyperpersistent Escherichia coli mutants under repeated exposure to high ciprofloxacin concentration. The researchers found that mutants with hyperpersistence specific to fluoroquinolones emerged, without a significant increase in minimum inhibitory concentration. This research highlights the importance of considering tolerance/persistence phenotypes in addition to resistance in antibiotic therapy selection.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Aude A. Ferran, Marlene Z. Lacroix, Ophelie Gourbeyre, Alicia Huesca, Baptiste Gaborieau, Laurent Debarbieux, Alain Bousquet-Melou
Summary: The development of antibiotic resistance in bacteria compromises the effectiveness of antibiotics and bacteriophages. This study demonstrates that combining phages with antibiotics can prevent the growth of resistant clones.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Felipe Ramon Portugal, Marlene Z. Lacroix, Beatrice B. Roques, Veronique Gayrard, Pierre-Louis Toutain, Alain Bousquet-Melou
Summary: Doxycycline, an antibiotic commonly used in pig farming, has been found to have a higher free fraction than previously estimated. The protein binding of doxycycline in pig plasma was measured using an equilibrium dialysis method and found to have a mean fu value of 31%. This new data has implications for the calculation of PK/PD cut-offs used in antimicrobial susceptibility testing.
JOURNAL OF VETERINARY PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Pierre-Louis Toutain, Peggy Gandia, Ludovic Pelligand, Aude A. Ferran, Peter Lees, Alain Bousquet-Melou, Didier Concordet
Summary: The confusion between free concentration and unbound fraction in medical literature has led to biased computations, erroneous interpretations, and misleading recommendations. This paper highlights these problems in the context of calculating Probability of Target Attainment (PTA), which is used for interpreting Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. The use of total plasma concentrations scaled by the unbound fraction inevitably results in biased estimates, especially when the variability associated with the unbound fraction is added instead of removed.
CPT-PHARMACOMETRICS & SYSTEMS PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Elodie A. Lallemand, Alain Bousquet-Melou, Laura Chapuis, Jennifer Davis, Aude A. Ferran, Butch Kukanich, Taisuke Kuroda, Marlene Z. Lacroix, Yohei Minamijima, Lena Olsen, Ludovic Pelligand, Felipe Ramon Portugal, Beatrice B. Roques, Elizabeth M. Santschi, Katherine E. Wilson, Pierre-Louis Toutain
Summary: This study aimed to establish a species-specific Clinical Breakpoint for interpretation of Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of benzylpenicillin (BP) in horses. A population pharmacokinetic model was developed to compute PK/PD cutoff values of different BP formulations commonly used in equine medicine globally.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Emmanuelle Totain, Loic Lindner, Nicolas Martin, Yolande Misseri, Alexandra Iche, Marie-Christine Birling, Tania Sorg, Yann Herault, Alain Bousquet-Melou, Pascale Bouille, Christine Duthoit, Guillaume Pavlovic, Severine Boullier
Summary: This study used C216 candidate therapeutic vaccine to validate its efficacy in mouse and dog models for HPV infections. Animal models with easily transposable genetic design were developed to evaluate candidate vaccines. Results showed that although C216 vaccine had strong immunogenicity, it did not induce a sufficiently strong immune response to eliminate infected cells.
LABORATORY ANIMAL RESEARCH
(2023)