Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sara M. Ortega-Campos, Eva M. Verdugo-Sivianes, Ana Amiama-Roig, Jose R. Blanco, Amancio Carnero
Summary: The molecular machinery of the circadian clock regulates gene expression and cellular activities to adapt to daily light-dark cycles. Disruption of the circadian rhythm is an independent risk factor for cancer and circadian genes may play dual roles as tumor suppressors and oncogenes. Understanding the molecular basis of the circadian clock can help identify new markers and targets for cancer prognosis and therapy.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-REVIEWS ON CANCER
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Prabina Kumar Meher, Ansuman Mohapatra, Subhrajit Satpathy, Anuj Sharma, Isha Saini, Sukanta Kumar Pradhan, Anil Rai
Summary: A computational method based on Support Vector Machine (SVM) was developed to identify circadian genes, achieving an accuracy of 62.48%. The method was also applied for proteome-wide identification of circadian proteins in two cereal crops and functional annotation with Gene Ontology terms.
Article
Immunology
Feng Ling, Caijie Zhang, Xin Zhao, Xiangyang Xin, Shaozhen Zhao
Summary: This study identified key genes associated with circadian rhythms and explored potential drugs related to these genes in diabetic retinopathy (DR). The findings contribute to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of DR and provide insights for future therapeutic interventions.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cesar Rodriguez-Santana, Javier Florido, Laura Martinez-Ruiz, Alba Lopez-Rodriguez, Dario Acuna-Castroviejo, Germaine Escames
Summary: The circadian clock system plays a crucial role in regulating various physiological processes, and disruptions in this system have been linked to diseases such as cancer. Tumor cells exhibit abnormal circadian machinery, which affects cell cycle, repair mechanisms, and energy metabolism. Melatonin, produced by the pineal gland, has been shown to regulate clock gene expression in cancer cells, suggesting its potential anti-neoplastic effects. This review aims to explore the role of clock genes in cancer and the mechanisms through which melatonin regulates the tumor's circadian machinery, with the goal of proposing future clinical treatments.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Bala S. C. Koritala, Yin Yeng Lee, Shweta S. Bhadri, Laetitia S. Gaspar, Corinne Stanforth, Gang Wu, Marc D. Ruben, Lauren J. Francey, David F. Smith
Summary: The study used an IH mouse model to investigate the impact of IH on the circadian gene expression in central and peripheral tissues, revealing that the circadian clock in the liver is less sensitive to IH compared to the brain.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Matthew T. Birnie, Matthew D. B. Claydon, Oliver Troy, Benjamin P. Flynn, Mitsuhiro Yoshimura, Yvonne M. Kershaw, Zidong Zhao, Rebecca C. R. Demski- Allen, Gareth R. I. Barker, E. Clea Warburton, Zuner A. Bortolotto, Stafford L. Lightman, Becky L. Conway- Campbell
Summary: The coordinator of circadian biological systems is adrenal glucocorticoid secretion, which plays a role in regulating various physiological processes. However, disruption of this circadian rhythm during corticosteroid therapy can lead to memory impairment, and the underlying mechanisms are not yet fully understood. This study investigates the impact of corticosteroid treatment on the hippocampal transcriptome and synaptic plasticity in rats, revealing misalignment with natural circadian cues and resulting in memory deficits. These findings provide insights into the molecular basis of memory deficits in patients treated with long-acting synthetic corticosteroids.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Wenhao Ge, Tao Wang, Yang Zhao, Yunxia Yang, Qi Sun, Xiao Yang, Yan Gao, Xi Xu, Jianfa Zhang
Summary: The biological clock controls metabolic functions in almost all organs, with nutrient metabolism, substrate processing, and detoxification in livers being circadian controlled. The clock gene Per1 is specifically elevated in mice exposed to toxins such as carbon tetrachloride, and its deficiency leads to a slowed metabolic rate of toxins and reduced liver injury and fibrosis. PER1 mediates toxin metabolism and could be a therapeutic target for toxin-induced hepatotoxicity.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Amnon Brzezinski, Seema Rai, Adyasha Purohit, Seithikurippu R. Pandi-Perumal
Summary: Circadian rhythms play a crucial role in controlling reproductive function, with melatonin regulating the reproductive responses of animals to environmental light conditions. Clock genes and circadian rhythms are associated with optimal reproductive performance through the synchronization of endogenous molecular clocks in various tissues throughout the body.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Evrim Yildirim, Rachel Curtis, Dae-Sung Hwangbo
Summary: Biological clocks are essential mechanisms that synchronize physiological and behavioral processes with external cues to ensure organisms' fitness and survival. While the central clock in the brain drives daily activity rhythms, peripheral tissues have their own clock systems generating metabolic and physiological rhythms. The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster has been a widely studied model organism for investigating the mechanism and functions of circadian clocks.
Review
Cell Biology
Namasthee Harris-Gauthier, Shashank Bangalore Srikanta, Nicolas Cermakian
Summary: Living organisms have evolved to synchronize and adapt to daily environmental cycles through circadian rhythms. These rhythms are driven by a molecular clock composed of clock genes and proteins, which regulate the expression of numerous genes. Ubiquitination and deubiquitination play important roles in the regulation of clock proteins and their functions within the circadian clock.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ferdinando Fusco, Nicola Longo, Marco De Sio, Davide Arcaniolo, Giuseppe Celentano, Marco Capece, Roberto La Rocca, Francesco Mangiapia, Gianluigi Califano, Simone Morra, Carmine Turco, Gianluca Spena, Lorenzo Spirito, Giovanni Maria Fusco, Luigi Cirillo, Luigi De Luca, Luigi Napolitano, Vincenzo Mirone, Massimiliano Creta
Summary: The impact of circadian desynchrony on spermatogenesis is significant but current evidence is insufficient due to study heterogeneity.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Karolina Liska, Martin Sladek, Vendula Cecmanova, Alena Sumova
Summary: The study revealed that the epithelial cells of choroid plexus in the brain ventricles have robust clock gene expression rhythms regulated by glucocorticoids. Both in vivo and in vitro experiments demonstrated that glucocorticoids can enhance the amplitude and reset the phase of the CP clock.
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Jonathan S. Yi, Nicolas M. Diaz, Shane D'Souza, Ethan D. Buhr
Summary: Most organisms have self-sustained circadian clocks that can be synchronized by environmental stimuli or oscillate indefinitely. In mammals, this is true at the molecular level for most cell types, with a core set of clock genes forming a transcriptional/translational feedback loop (TTFL) with a 24-hour period. The TTFL mechanism varies slightly in different cell types, but all involve similar core clock genes. The clock has unique outputs in different tissues, as cells convert the TTFL timing signals into orchestrated transcriptional oscillations of clock-controlled genes and cellular processes.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Physiology
Siska Wilantri, Hanna Grasshoff, Tanja Lange, Timo Gaber, Luciana Besedovsky, Frank Buttgereit
Summary: Research on 24-h rhythms over the past four decades has revealed their significance for immunity and various diseases through genetic, molecular, and physiological findings. Disruption and misalignment of circadian rhythms have been linked to diseases and abnormal physiological functioning, highlighting their fundamental importance to mammals. This article provides an overview of the molecular regulation of 24-h rhythms, their impact on immunity, the detrimental effects of misalignment, the association between pathological rhythms and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and the potential use of chronobiological rhythms for chronotherapy in inflammatory autoimmune diseases like RA.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Lauren N. Woodie, Kaan T. Oral, Brianna M. Krusen, Mitchell A. Lazar
Summary: Obesity and metabolic diseases are common in industrialized societies due to circadian disruption caused by shift work, jet lag, and social obligations. The circadian rhythm of the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) plays a critical role in regulating physiological, metabolic, and behavioral processes. However, disruptions in external cues or metabolic flexibility can lead to the development of obesity and metabolic disease. This review explores the circadian rhythm of nutrient metabolism and discusses obesity as a circadian disease.
Article
Allergy
Arwa Al Kindi, Helen Williams, Kenshiro Matsuda, Abdullah M. Alkahtani, Charis Saville, Hayley Bennett, Yasmine Alshammari, Soo Y. Tan, Catherine O'Neill, Akane Tanaka, Hiroshi Matsuda, Peter D. Arkwright, Joanne L. Pennock
Summary: The study identified Sbi as a key virulence factor derived from Staphylococcus aureus, capable of inducing the release of IL-33 from human keratinocytes to promote type 2 immune responses underlying atopic dermatitis. This study sheds light on the mechanism of how S. aureus drives allergic pathology in AD patients in the absence of infection.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Ryo Muko, Hiroshi Matsuda, Masa-aki Oikawa, Taekyun Shin, Kenshiro Matsuda, Hiroaki Sato, Tomoya Sunouchi, Akane Tanaka
Summary: This study demonstrated that eHRG acts as a dual regulator of neutrophils in horses, affecting adhesion, migration, phagocytosis, reactive oxygen species production, and lysosome maturation.
JOURNAL OF EQUINE VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Dermatology
Rinka Nishimura, Masaki Miyajima, Kaho Takahashi, Marin Hirokawa, Yuna Hara, Junpei Kimura, Keitaro Ohmori
Summary: The study found that serine proteases derived from house dust mites can upregulate IL-33 mRNA expression in canine keratinocytes via the PAR-2 pathway. These findings suggest that house dust mites may be involved in the development of (C)AD by increasing IL-33 mRNA expression in keratinocytes.
VETERINARY DERMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yuna Choi, Kyungsook Jung, Hyo Jin Kim, Jiyoon Chun, Meejung Ahn, Youngheun Jee, Hyun Ju Ko, Changjong Moon, Hiroshi Matsuda, Akane Tanaka, Jeongtae Kim, Taekyun Shin
Summary: The study demonstrated that betaine has anti-inflammatory effects in experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) rats by increasing serum superoxide dismutase levels, downregulating pro-inflammation molecules, and suppressing inflammation in the retina and ciliary bodies. This suggests that betaine plays a role in mitigating EAU through its anti-oxidation and anti-inflammatory activities.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Legal
Yuto Yokoyama, Akane Tanaka, Yoshiyuki Tagawa
Summary: The behavior of impacting blood droplets is dependent on the deformability of red blood cells rather than viscosity. While blood and Newtonian fluids exhibit similar characteristics upon impact, the use of hard particles in a commercial blood simulant leads to different responses.
FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Jeongtae Kim, Meejung Ahn, Yuna Choi, Jiyoon Chun, Kyungsook Jung, Akane Tanaka, Hiroshi Matsuda, Taekyun Shin
Summary: This study investigated the involvement of osteopontin (OPN) in an experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (EAU) model. The results showed that OPN was significantly upregulated in the eyes of EAU rats, suggesting its potential as an early biomarker for ocular autoimmune diseases.
NEURAL REGENERATION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Shuntaro Urayama, Akane Tanaka, Kanichi Kusano, Hiroaki Sato, Masanori Muranaka, Hiroshi Mita, Tsuyoshi Nagashima, Hiroshi Matsuda
Summary: This study compared the effects of meloxicam (MX) and flunixin meglumine (FM) on the treatment of horses with SIRS/endotoxemia, and found that MX has a similar analgesic effect and ability to suppress inflammatory response as FM, with fewer adverse effects. Therefore, MX may be more beneficial in the clinical application for horses with SIRS/endotoxemia.
JOURNAL OF EQUINE VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ryo Muko, Tomoya Sunouchi, Shuntaro Urayama, Yuko Toishi, Kanichi Kusano, Hiroaki Sato, Masanori Muranaka, Taekyun Shin, Masa-aki Oikawa, Yoshinobu Ojima, Mohammad Ali, Yoshihiro Nomura, Hiroshi Matsuda, Akane Tanaka
Summary: In this study, DNA samples were extracted from 1700 Thoroughbred horses and analyzed for gene polymorphisms in the HRG gene. Two types of insertion/deletion polymorphisms (D1 and D2) were identified in the histidine-rich region of the HRG gene, with deletion lengths of 45 bp and 90 bp. These genetic polymorphisms in the HRG gene may be associated with athletic ability, productivity, and susceptibility to infectious diseases in Thoroughbred horses.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Rintaro Furukawa, Yuna Hara, Keiko Furuya, Kaho Takahashi, Rinka Nishimura, Tomoaki Shingaki, Hironari Osada, Hirotaka Kondo, Keitaro Ohmori
Summary: This study investigated the role of IL-15 signaling in canine chronic enteropathy (CE). The findings suggest that decreased expression of IL-15R alpha might be involved in the pathogenesis of duodenitis in dogs with immunosuppressant-responsive enteropathy (IRE). Furthermore, IL-15 signaling appears to play different roles in duodenitis and colitis in dogs with different subtypes of CE. However, there were no correlations between the gene expression levels of IL-15R alpha and disease severity in the duodenum of dogs with IRE. Further studies are necessary to investigate the localization of IL-15R alpha protein and how impaired IL-15R alpha expression contributes to duodenitis in dogs with IRE.
VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Rintaro Furukawa, Kaho Takahashi, Yuna Hara, Rinka Nishimura, Keiko Furuya, Tomoaki Shingaki, Hironari Osada, Hirotaka Kondo, Keitaro Ohmori
Summary: The study found that vomiting is a major gastrointestinal sign of chronic enteropathy in dogs. Dogs presenting with vomiting without diarrhea have distinct clinical and histological characteristics, and better prognosis compared to other groups.
VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Kaho Takahashi, Takashi Baba, Marin Hirokawa, Masaki Miyajima, Miori Kishimoto, Junpei Kimura, Hirotaka Kondo, Keitaro Ohmori
Summary: The study found that chlorambucil can effectively treat feline localized nasopharyngeal B-cell lymphoma, providing long-term management without significant side effects.
OPEN VETERINARY JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Marin Hirokawa, Kaho Takahashi, Masaki Miyajima, Rintaro Furukawa, Koji Sugita, Hirotaka Kondo, Keitaro Ohmori
Summary: Inflammasomes may play a role in canine chronic enteropathy, with NLRP3 and NLRP12 potentially contributing to colitis in dogs with food-responsive enteropathy.
JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Koji Sugita, Ayaka Shima, Kaho Takahashi, Yasuyoshi Matsuda, Masaki Miyajima, Marin Hirokawa, Hirotaka Kondo, Junpei Kimura, Genki Ishihara, Keitaro Ohmori
Summary: A 7-year 6-month-old, castrated male Shiba dog presented with symptoms of lethargy, anorexia, vomiting, and frequent watery diarrhea, diagnosed with non-responsive enteropathy (NRE). Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) along with chlorambucil treatment significantly improved the dog's condition.
JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
L. Alibrandi, R. Tognetti, O. Domenech, M. Croce, M. Giuntoli, G. Grosso, T. Vezzosi
Summary: This study assessed the feasibility and diagnostic reliability of a new smartphone-based ECG device in dogs, and found no significant differences compared to a traditional ECG device. The results suggest that the smartphone-based device is clinically reliable for assessing heart rate and rhythm in dogs.
VETERINARY JOURNAL
(2024)
