Review
Veterinary Sciences
Manuel Morales-Yuste, Joaquina Martin-Sanchez, Victoriano Corpas-Lopez
Summary: Dogs are the main host of Leishmania infantum, which causes canine leishmaniasis, a disease that is incurable and transmitted through the bite of sandflies. Advances in molecular techniques and vaccines have been made for diagnosis and prevention, although the development of an ideal drug to eliminate the parasite is still awaited. Public health implications of the disease are fundamental.
VETERINARY SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alicia Mas, Abel Martinez-Rodrigo, Javier Carrion, Jose Antonio Orden, Juan F. Alzate, Gustavo Dominguez-Bernal, Pilar Horcajo
Summary: This study investigates the molecular mechanisms involved in the interaction of different isolates of L. infantum with canine macrophages and finds differences between outbreak isolates and a reference strain, which may explain the reduced infection ability of the outbreak isolates in canine cells.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Parasitology
Viviane Noll Louzada-Flores, Maria Stefania Latrofa, Maria Stella Lucente, Bibiana Paula Dambros, Jairo Alfonso Mendoza-Roldan, Ilaria Varotto-Boccazzi, Giulia Maria Cattaneo, Gerald F. Spath, Alessio Buonavoglia, Domenico Otranto
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the ability of non-pathogenic species Leishmania tarentolae to colonize, survive, and persist in canine primary monocyte-derived mononuclear cells. The results showed that L. tarentolae strains can infect and persist inside the mononuclear cells of dogs, indicating the potential for further laboratory studies.
Article
Immunology
Marcos de Almeida, Yueli Zheng, Fernanda S. Nascimento, Henry Bishop, Vitaliano A. Cama, Dhwani Batra, Yvette Unoarumhi, Abaseen K. Afghan, Vivian Y. Shi, Philip E. LeBoit, Eugene W. Liu, Fariba M. Donovan
Summary: An autochthonous case of cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by a genetically different Leishmania sp. was investigated in a patient in Arizona, USA. This parasite was classified as belonging to the subgenus Leishmania based on multilocus DNA sequence and phylogenetic analyses of the rRNA locus and 11 reference genes.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Parasitology
Mahyumi Fujimori, Arleana do Bom Parto Ferreira de Almeida, Stella Maria Barrouin-Melo, Luiz Ricardo Paes de Barros Cortez, Malcolm Scott Duthie, Roberto Mitsuyoshi Hiramoto, Flaviane Alves de Pinho, Steven Gregory Reed, Valeria Regia Franco Sousa, Nazare Fonseca Souza, Rodrigo Martins Soares, Jose Eduardo Tolezano, Maria Carmen Arroyo Sanchez, Hiro Goto
Summary: The study aimed to establish an effective serological assay for diagnosing L. infantum infected dogs. The sensitivity of the rK39-, rK28- and rKR95-based ELISA was around 97% with a specificity of 100%. The new diagnostic method showed better performance compared to assays currently in use in Brazil and worldwide.
MEMORIAS DO INSTITUTO OSWALDO CRUZ
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Maria Alfonsa Cavalera, Floriana Gernone, Annamaria Uva, Rossella Donghia, Grazia Carelli, Roberta Iatta, Andrea Zatelli
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) in Leishmania infantum-seropositive dogs and its correlation with the clinical form of Canine leishmaniosis (CanL) and acute phase proteins (APPs). The results showed that dogs with CanL active form have significantly higher ESR levels compared to exposed and healthy dogs. ESR evaluation can be considered as a simple and useful inflammatory biomarker for the diagnosis of CanL active form.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Matheus Fujimura Soares, Larissa Martins Melo, Jaqueline Poleto Bragato, Amanda de Oliveira Furlan, Natalia Francisco Scaramele, Flavia Lombardi Lopes, Valeria Marcal Felix de Lima
Summary: Exposure of healthy dogs' peripheral blood mononuclear cells to L. infantum in vitro resulted in differential miRNA expression, which can modulate early immune responses targeting important pathways like MAPK signaling. This sheds light on parasite modulation of host immunity following Leishmania infection, and may have implications for drug development.
RESEARCH IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Michal Solomon, Nadav Astman, Karin Warshavsky, Aviv Barzilai, Tal Meningher, Dror Avni, Eli Schwartz
Summary: This article reports 8 cases of Leishmania infantum cutaneous leishmaniasis in Israel, with 7 cases occurring during 2020-2021, suggesting that L. infantum may be an emerging infection in Israel.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Thibault Joseph William Jacques Dit Lapierre, Mariza Gabriela Faleiro de Moura Lodi Cruz, Nicolas Peterson Ferreira Brito, Daniela de Melo Resende, Felipe de Oliveira Souza, Eduardo Jorge Pilau, Meryck Felipe Brito da Silva, Bruno Junior Neves, Silvane Maria Fonseca Murta, Celso de Oliveira Rezende Junior
Summary: An early hit-to-lead optimization study was performed on a novel pyrazinylpiperazine series against L. infantum and L. braziliensis. The study focused on the benzoyl fragment of a hit compound (4), and deletion of the meta-Cl led to the synthesis of a para-hydroxyl derivative (12). Further optimization involving disubstituted benzoyl fragments and the hydroxyl substituent of (12) resulted in the identification of an ortho, meta-dihydroxyl derivative (46) as an early lead compound with increased anti-leishmanial potency. In silico ADMET predictions revealed satisfactory profiles for these compounds, indicating potential for further lead optimization.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Parasitology
S. Elikaee, Z. Zarei, A. Khamesipour, B. Akhoundi, A. R. Borjian, M. J. Abbaszadeh Afshar, Q. K. Allely, S. Heidari, M. Mohebali
Summary: The study indicated that vaccination with Lmp27(-/-) parasites could be safe, induce significant immunoprotectivity, and effectively prevent infection with wild type L. infantum, as evidenced by stronger T-cell responses, lower parasite burdens, and reduced seroconversion in mice.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Vanessa Ortega, Allan Radaic, Marcelo Bispo de Jesus, Eneida de Paula, Selma Giorgio
Summary: Liposomal AME is a promising delivery system for treating visceral leishmaniasis, improving meglumine efficacy against L. infantum and minimizing its cytotoxicity towards canine macrophages.
JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ilka Grewe, Thomas Theo Brehm, Benno Kreuels, Oliver M. Steinmetz, Bernhard Dumoulin, Anne Marie Asemissen, Dennis Tappe, Michael Ramharter, Stefan Schmiedel
Summary: We report a case of Leishmania infantum reactivation in an immunocompetent patient who developed visceral leishmaniasis with secondary IgA nephropathy nine years after an initial episode of mucosal leishmaniasis, which had been treated with liposomal amphotericin B.
JOURNAL OF TRAVEL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Parasitology
Gad Baneth, Yaarit Nachum-Biala, Offir Adamsky, Idit Gunther
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence of Leishmania infection in dogs and cats in a focus of human L. tropica infection in Israel. The results showed a high rate of Leishmania infection in pets, with L. tropica infection reported in cats for the first time in Israel. Clinical manifestations in cats infected with L. tropica included weight loss, azotemia, gingivostomatitis, and skin lesions.
PARASITES & VECTORS
(2022)
Article
Parasitology
Rafaela de Sousa Goncalves, Flaviane Alves de Pinho, Ricardo Jorge Dinis-Oliveira, Mariana Oliveira Mendes, Tiago Sena de Andrade, Manuela da Silva Solca, Daniela Farias Larangeira, Ricardo Silvestre, Stella Maria Barrouin-Melo
Summary: The study found that the early use of nutritional adjuvants in combination with anti Leishmania drugs is clinically beneficial in treating dogs with CanL, showing superior inflammation control and reducing oxidative stress.
VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Patricia de A. Machado, Pollyanna S. Gomes, Monique P. D. Carneiro, Victor Midlej, Elaine S. Coimbra, Herbert L. de Matos Guedes
Summary: This study demonstrates the importance of serine proteases in Leishmania and evaluates the antileishmanial effects of a serine protease inhibitor, TPCK. TPCK shows selectivity for the parasite and has significant activity against both promastigote and intracellular amastigote forms. The treated parasites exhibit various alterations, suggesting potential mechanisms contributing to their death. In vivo studies show that TPCK reduces lesion size and parasite loads, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target for leishmaniasis.
Article
Immunology
Breanna M. Scorza, Kurayi G. Mahachi, Arin D. Cox, Angela J. Toepp, Danielle Pessoa-Pereira, Phyllis Tyrrell, Jesse Buch, Jennifer A. Foltz, Dean Lee, Christine A. Petersen
Summary: The study found that asymptomatic dogs exposed to Borrelia burgdorferi had elevated levels of serum interleukin-21 and increased circulating CD3(+) CD94(+) lymphocytes. On the other hand, symptomatic dogs had higher expression of gamma interferon upon stimulation with B. burgdorferi. Additionally, an NK-like CD8(+) T cell response was linked to protection against clinical Lyme disease, while excess IFN-gamma was associated with clinical disease.
INFECTION AND IMMUNITY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Eric Kontowicz, Grant Brown, James Torner, Margaret Carrel, Kelly K. Baker, Christine A. Petersen
Summary: Lyme disease is the most reported vector-borne disease in the United States, with a focus on the Northeast and upper Midwest regions. Current federal surveillance strategies lead to reporting lags, making it challenging for public health agencies to assess and plan for the disease burden. This study developed nowcasting models using Google Trends and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention data, providing a means for accurate monitoring and decision-making regarding Lyme disease burden.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Marie Ozanne, Grant D. Brown, Breanna M. Scorza, Kurayi Mahachi, Angela J. Toepp, Christine A. Petersen
Summary: This study utilizes Bayesian latent class models with dichotomous PCR assay and DPP serology test to improve the identification of canine visceral leishmaniasis. By incorporating numerical information from the DPP reader, it is found that there can be better discrimination between negative individuals and those with clinical VL, as well as showing changes in immune response with age.
PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES
(2022)
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Aaron M. Scherer, Andrew M. Parker, Courtney A. Gidengil, Amber M. Gedlinske, Natoshia M. Askelson, Christine A. Petersen, Megan C. Lindley
Summary: This survey study examines the vaccination intentions of unvaccinated US adults in response to the full FDA approval of the BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) COVID-19 vaccine, as well as any demographic characteristics associated with these intentions.
JAMA INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Aaron M. Scherer, Courtney A. Gidengil, Amber M. Gedlinske, Andrew M. Parker, Natoshia M. Askelson, Kate R. Woodworth, Christine A. Petersen, Megan C. Lindley
Summary: This study evaluated parental intentions, concerns, and facilitators for COVID-19 vaccination for children aged 6 months through 4 years. The results showed that only a minority of parents are willing to vaccinate their children within the first few months of eligibility, with widespread concerns about COVID-19 vaccination for this age group.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Eric Kontowicz, Grant Brown, James Torner, Margaret Carrel, Kelly K. Baker, Christine A. Petersen
Summary: Flooding can increase the risk of influenza diagnoses, especially in densely populated areas.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Statistics & Probability
Nicholas Seedorff, Grant Brown, Breanna Scorza, Christine A. Petersen
Summary: This article presents a Bayesian longitudinal model that jointly analyzes ordinal and continuous outcomes. The use of multivariate methods improves the accuracy of longitudinal disease progression forecasts. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed model outperforms traditional Bayesian hierarchical models in terms of prediction accuracy. The method shows promise for use in the clinical setting, particularly when measuring ordinal outcomes alongside other variable types.
COMPUTATIONAL STATISTICS
(2022)
Editorial Material
Parasitology
Guadalupe Miro, Juliana Sarquis, Luis Cardoso, Patrick Bourdeau, Laia Solano-Gallego, Gaetano Oliva, Maria Grazia Pennisi, Christine Petersen, Lluis Ferrer, Gad Baneth
Summary: The organizers of the 1st congress on animal leishmaniosis (ALIVE) in Malaga, Spain, discuss the recent advances in the field presented during the meeting.
TRENDS IN PARASITOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Anurag Kumar Kushwaha, Ashish Shukla, Breanna M. Scorza, Tulika Kumari Rai, Rahul Chaubey, Dharmendra Kumar Maurya, Shweta Srivastva, Shreya Upadhyay, Abhishek Kumar Singh, Paritosh Malviya, Om Prakash Singh, Vivek Kumar Scholar, Puja Tiwary, Shakti Kumar Singh, Phillip Lawyer, Edgar Rowton, Scott A. Bernhardt, Christine A. Petersen, Shyam Sundar
Summary: This study provides clinical evidence that domestic animals, other than humans, do not play a significant role in transmitting Leishmania donovani to sand flies on the Indian subcontinent. Monitoring the absence of transmission in the post-elimination phase is crucial to prevent the establishment of a non-human reservoir.
PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Courtney A. Gidengil, Andrew M. Parker, Amber M. Gedlinske, Natoshia M. Askelson, Christine A. Petersen, Megan C. Lindley, Kate R. Woodworth, Aaron M. Scherer
Summary: Based on an online survey of parents of 12-17-year-old adolescents in the United States, it was found that few parents were willing to have their children receive both COVID-19 and routine vaccines at the same visit. However, understanding the factors that influence willingness to receive all recommended vaccines in adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic could inform policies to optimize vaccination.
JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Felix M. M. Pabon-Rodriguez, Grant D. D. Brown, Breanna M. M. Scorza, Christine A. A. Petersen
Summary: This study uses Bayesian state-space models to examine the evolution of infection processes and the complexities of immune responses in Leishmania infantum infections. The analysis of longitudinal data of a dog cohort reveals the importance of co-infection and the influence of factors such as age and treatment status on parasite load. The study also highlights the impact of past pathogen load on future values and its variation based on the clinical stage of the dog. The findings have direct clinical relevance and can support efforts to prevent and treat human Leishmaniosis.
STATISTICS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Courtney A. Gidengil, Andrew M. Parker, Lauri E. Markowitz, Amber M. Gedlinske, Natoshia M. Askelson, Christine A. Petersen, Elissa Meites, Megan C. Lindley, Aaron M. Scherer
Summary: This survey aimed to understand physician knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding HPV vaccination for adults aged 27-45 years. The results showed that despite the COVID-19 pandemic, at least a third of participating physicians in each practice specialty reported having more HPV vaccine shared clinical decision-making (SCDM) discussions with patients in the past 12 months. However, although the majority of physicians were aware of the SCDM recommendation for this age group, only half of them answered an objective knowledge question correctly.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Helin G. Hernandez, Grant D. Brown, Iraci D. Lima, Jose F. Coutinho, Mary E. Wilson, Eliana L. T. Nascimento, Selma M. B. Jeronimo, Christine A. Petersen, Jacob J. Oleson
Summary: This study aimed to estimate regions of high visceral leishmaniasis (VL) risk in Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil from 2007 to 2020. Lower socioeconomic status was found to be associated with higher VL risk. Additionally, there is a high probability of increasing VL risk in the municipalities of Natal, Patu, and Pau dos Ferros, highlighting the need for specific public health interventions.
PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Rahul Chaubey, Ashish Shukla, Anurag Kumar Kushwaha, Puja A. Tiwary, Shakti Kumar A. Singh, Shawna Hennings, Om Praksh Singh, Phillip Lawyer, Edgar Rowton, Christine A. Petersen, Scott A. Bernhardt, Shyam Sundar
Summary: The objective of this study was to determine the lethal concentrations and assess levels of susceptibility, diagnostic doses and times of P. argentipes to five insecticides. The results indicate that P. argentipes are highly susceptible to alpha-cypermethrin, followed by deltamethrin, malathion, and chlorpyrifos, and least susceptible to DDT. These findings are important for future studies on insecticide susceptibility and resistance monitoring, as well as VL elimination efforts.
PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Erin A. Beasley, Kurayi G. Mahachi, Christine A. Petersen
Summary: The purpose of this review is to discuss the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on leishmaniasis and the challenges in controlling sand flies. While leishmaniasis is not endemic in the United States, recent studies have shown the presence of autochthonous vector-borne cases. Climate change and insecticide resistance further complicate sand fly control. The increasing reports of cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis cases in the US highlight the importance of prevention measures and vaccine research.
CURRENT TROPICAL MEDICINE REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Hagar Hauser
Summary: Separation-related problems (SRPs) are common in companion dogs and clinicians should be able to diagnose and rule out physical diseases that may exhibit similar clinical signs or worsen SRP.
VETERINARY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA-SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE
(2024)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Clara Wilson, Dana Ebbecke, Danielle Berger, Cynthia Otto
VETERINARY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA-SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE
(2024)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Lisa Radosta
VETERINARY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA-SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE
(2024)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Patrizia Piotti, Ludovica Pierantoni, Mariangela Albertini, Federica Pirrone
VETERINARY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA-SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE
(2024)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Lena Provoost
VETERINARY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA-SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE
(2024)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
M. Leanne Lilly, Carlo Siracusa
VETERINARY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA-SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE
(2024)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Daniel S. Mills, Fergus M. Coutts, Kevin J. Mcpeake
VETERINARY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA-SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE
(2024)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Marta Amat, Susana Le Brech, Xavier Manteca
VETERINARY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA-SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE
(2024)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Sagi Denenberg, Karen L. Machin, Gary M. Landsberg
VETERINARY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA-SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE
(2024)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Leticia M. S. Dantas, Niwako Ogata
Summary: The stress response has a significant impact on the central nervous system and other systems in the body, contributing to chronic mental and behavioral pathologies as well as increasing the risk for other chronic inflammatory and metabolic diseases. Psychiatric treatments play a role in alleviating fear, stress, and anxiety and improving the quality of life and lifespan for dogs and cats. The availability of safe psychoactive medications allows for effective treatment options in veterinary patients. Clinicians should have a good understanding of the role neurotransmitters and hormones play in emotional processing, cognition, and behavior, as well as the mechanism of action of drugs to ensure appropriate medication selection for each individual patient.
VETERINARY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA-SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE
(2024)
Editorial Material
Veterinary Sciences
Carlo Siracusa
VETERINARY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA-SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE
(2024)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Valarie V. Tynes
VETERINARY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA-SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE
(2024)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Amy Learn, Debra Horwitz
Summary: Inappropriate elimination or behavioral periuria/perichezia is a commonly reported feline behavioral problem worldwide. Changes in behavior are often early signs of physical illness and can worsen existing behavioral issues. Determining the cause, whether medical or behavioral, is crucial before implementing appropriate treatments.
VETERINARY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA-SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE
(2024)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Jonathan Bowen, Jaume Fatjo
VETERINARY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA-SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE
(2024)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Maya Braem
VETERINARY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA-SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE
(2024)
