Article
Automation & Control Systems
Gianluca Papa, Mara Tanelli, Giulio Panzani, Sergio M. Savaresi
Summary: Most aircraft use Anti-lock Braking Systems based on wheel deceleration control, as the braking controller is limited to using only wheel speed and braking pressure signals, rather than more advanced wheel slip control architectures.
CONTROL ENGINEERING PRACTICE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Binh-Minh Nguyen, Joao Pedro F. Trovao, Minh C. Ta
Summary: This paper presents a double-layer energy management system (EMS) for electric vehicles with multiple permanent magnet synchronous motors. The system aims to minimize energy consumption and ensure safe longitudinal motion. The inner-layer distributes torque and flux currents by minimizing motor input power, while the outer-layer generates the total torque command by controlling motor speed. Various tests and comparisons with other EMSs demonstrate the advantages of the double-layer EMS, including preventing wheel slip and reducing energy consumption.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Piotr Szewczyk, Andrzej Lebkowski
Summary: This study compared the energy consumption of electric light commercial vehicles powered by centrally located motors and motors in the vehicle's wheels, finding that the 4 x 4 drive system had roughly 6% lower energy consumption compared to the 4 x 2 configuration.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Gwanyeon Kim, Sesun You, Sangjun Lee, Donghoon Shin, Wonhee Kim
Summary: In this article, a robust nonlinear torque control method for electric power steering (EPS) systems is proposed, using the steering wheel torque (SWT) model. The method utilizes an extended state observer to estimate disturbances and a nonlinear sliding mode control (SMC) to track the desired SWT and reduce estimation error. Experimental validation is performed using a pinion type EPS hardware-in-the-loop simulation.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Qin Shi, Shixuan Yuan, Liang Chen, Zejia He, Zhihong Li, Lin He
Summary: This article discusses the stability control of an anti-lock brake system controlled by a traction motor. The nonlinear dynamics of wheel slip and model predictive controller are introduced, and a torque demand control approach is designed based on these. An ideal slip ratio curve is developed to find the optimum value of the wheel slip ratio.
NONLINEAR DYNAMICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Kesavan Valis Subramaniyam, Shankar C. Subramanian
Summary: This paper presents an Integral Sliding Mode Control (ISMC) based WSR strategy to enhance braking performance of Heavy Commercial Road Vehicles (HCRVs) by utilizing the responsiveness of regenerative brakes. Experimental results demonstrate that the braking strategy incorporating regenerative braking can significantly reduce slip ratio tracking error and stopping distance.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Victor Mazzilli, Davide Ivone, Stefano De Pinto, Leonardo Pascali, Michele Contrino, Giulio Tarquinio, Patrick Gruber, Aldo Sorniotti
Summary: The study evaluates the performance improvement of an unscented Kalman filter using vertical and longitudinal tyre contact force signals obtained through smart tyres for vehicle speed and sideslip angle estimation. The use of smart tyre information results in a significant reduction of estimation errors and enhances the estimator's robustness and adaptability to variations in vehicle and tyre parameters.
VEHICLE SYSTEM DYNAMICS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Qiping Chen, Liang Huang, Lu Gan, Sheng Kang, Rui Wan
Summary: This paper presents a slip ratio adaptive control method based on wheel speed to address the issues of poor control effect and robustness for distributed drive electric vehicles on complex and changeable roads. An optimal slip ratio estimator is developed considering axle load transfer, using the Burckhardt tire model. A cubic polynomial function is used to fit and optimize the optimal slip ratio-peak adhesion coefficient curve. Additionally, a conditional integral sliding mode controller based on wheel speed is designed to improve the control effect of the sliding ratio controller in the low speed start-up phase. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can estimate the optimal slip ratio in real time, achieve wheel slip ratio adaptive control, and enhance the dynamic performance and lateral stability of distributed drive electric vehicles.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART D-JOURNAL OF AUTOMOBILE ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Marco Viehweger, Cyrano Vaseur, Sebastiaan van Aalst, Manuel Acosta, Enrico Regolin, Angel Alatorre, Wim Desmet, Frank Naets, Valentin Ivanov, Antonella Ferrara, Alessandro Victorino
Summary: This paper provides an in-depth analysis of different techniques for vehicle state and tyre force estimation using the same experimental data and vehicle models. Four schemes are demonstrated, with discussion on the estimation accuracy of each method and guidelines for potential users regarding key properties and points of attention.
VEHICLE SYSTEM DYNAMICS
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Arslan Saleem, Myeong Hyeon Park, Tehmina Ambreen, Sung Chul Kim
Summary: This study aims to optimize the thermal performance of an electric vehicle in-wheel motor by optimizing the cooling oil flow distribution within the motor assembly. Central composite design methodology and multi-objective genetic algorithm were employed to achieve the optimal design parameters. The optimal design configuration significantly improved heat dissipation at maximum speed and effectively reduced the temperatures of critical components.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Zhaoxue Deng, Xu Li, Xingquan Li, Shuen Zhao, Hanbing Wei
Summary: This paper analyzes the generation mechanism of the negative airgap eccentricity effect in the in-wheel switched reluctance motor (SRM) driving system. An independent current chopping control strategy is proposed to optimize the control between the system response characteristics and the dynamic performance of the electric vehicle (EV). Experimental verification and time-frequency analysis are conducted to analyze the negative dynamic effect of the in-wheel motor driving system. The proposed control strategy effectively suppresses the vehicle sprung mass acceleration and tire bounce during EV startup.
NONLINEAR DYNAMICS
(2023)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Nitin K. Singh, Abhisek K. Behera
Summary: In this paper, a twisting observer is proposed for robustly estimating the states of a second-order uncertain system. The observer approximates the unknown sign term for the non-measurable state with a delayed output-based switching function, and achieves the desired steady-state accuracy by controlling the delay parameter. The application of the observer to output feedback stabilization is also discussed.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jie Tian, Mingfei Yang
Summary: The purpose of this paper is to study the control of differential steering for four-in-wheel-motor electric vehicles. A hierarchical control method is proposed to realize the differential steering and constant longitudinal speed simultaneously, considering the tire friction circle. The simulation results show that the hierarchical controller can guarantee the vehicle to track the reference model well on both high and low adhesion coefficient roads.
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Cuauhtemoc Acosta Lua, Stefano Di Gennaro, Jean-Pierre Barbot
Summary: An Antilock Braking System (ABS) is characterized by nonlinear dynamics and parameter uncertainties. This paper proposes a super-twisting controller to overcome the challenges posed by the uncertainties. The controller is implemented in a laboratory setup mimicking a quarter car model and utilizes a super-twisting estimator to estimate the friction coefficient between the tire and the road. Experimental results show a considerable increase in the efficiency of the control system.
JOURNAL OF THE FRANKLIN INSTITUTE-ENGINEERING AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Zheng Zhang, Chun-guang Liu, Xiao-jun Ma, Yun-yin Zhang, Lu-ming Chen
Summary: This paper presents a driving force coordination control strategy with road identification for multi-wheel distributed electric drive vehicles. By estimating tire-road forces and identifying the road friction coefficient, this control strategy can achieve accurate driving force coordination control under different driving conditions.
DEFENCE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
