Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pengtao Bao, Yang Liu, Xiaoai Zhang, Hang Fan, Jie Zhao, Mi Mu, Haiyang Li, Yanhe Wang, Honghan Ge, Shuang Li, Xin Yang, Qianqian Cui, Rui Chen, Liang Gao, Zhihua Sun, Lizhen Gao, Shuang Qiu, Xuchun Liu, Peter W. Horby, Xiubin Li, Liqun Fang, Wei Liu
Summary: This is a study on a four-year-old boy infected with a reassortant avian influenza A H3N8 virus. The virus was found to have increased virulence and transmissibility, and was detected in pets and environmental samples from the patient's house.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Xueli Wei, Liying Wang, Qiaojuan Jia, Jianpeng Xiao, Guanghu Zhu
Summary: This study evaluates the effectiveness of various intervention measures against avian influenza A(H7N9) infection using an epidemiological model. Results show that reducing poultry-human/poultry interaction and culling domestic poultry are highly effective in diminishing infections, while vaccination of a certain proportion of poultry is essential for disease prevention. Cleaning and disinfecting the environment have limited impact on reducing infection risk. Importantly, screening imported poultry is crucial for stopping disease diffusion.
Article
Virology
Jun He, Sai Hou, Chenglong Xiong, Linjie Hu, Lei Gong, Junling Yu, Xiaoyu Zhou, Qingqing Chen, Yuan Yuan, Lan He, Meng Zhu, Weiwei Li, Yonglin Shi, Yong Sun, Haifeng Pan, Bin Su, Yihan Lu, Jiabing Wu
Summary: This study discusses the possible impact of H7N9 influenza A viruses (IAVs) on future influenza epidemics through gene reassortment events. A total of 61 human H7N9 isolates were obtained from Anhui province in China from 2013 to 2019, and bioinformatics analyses revealed the introduction of novel avian influenza A virus (AIV) subtypes through gene reassortment. The study also showed that H7N9, H9N2, and H5N1 can serve as persistent gene pools for AIVs in specific regions of China.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Claire Guinat, Hao Tang, Qiqi Yang, Cecilia Valenzuela Agui, Timothy G. Vaughan, Jeremie Scire, Hongjie Yu, Wei Wang, Zhiyuan Chen, Mariette F. Ducatez, Tanja Stadler
Summary: From 2013 to 2017, the avian influenza A(H7N9) virus caused severe epidemics of human infections in China. The role of live bird markets (LBMs) in H7N9 transmission was unclear. Using a Bayesian phylodynamic approach, this study revealed past transmission events at the human-LBM interface in China that were not directly observed. The results indicated continuous circulation of H7N9 in humans and LBMs before detection, suggesting high levels of underreported infections, particularly in LBMs. The findings highlight the importance of investigating local live poultry trade in virus transmission and provide estimates of avian influenza virus transmission at the LBM level, enhancing preparedness for future AIV epidemics.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Virology
Swan Tan, Muhammad Farhan Sjaugi, Siew Chinn Fong, Li Chuin Chong, Hadia Syahirah Abd Raman, Nik Elena Nik Mohamed, Joseph Thomas August, Asif M. Khan
Summary: Avian influenza virus H7N9, which has been circulating in avian hosts for decades, was identified as a human pathogen in 2013. Through comparing sequences from avian and human H7N9 datasets, it was found that the virus has undergone significant amino acid substitutions possibly essential for human adaptation. The rapid evolution of the avian H7N9 virus has resulted in almost identical protein sequences in avian and human viruses, leading to increased risk of human infection and potential human-to-human transmission.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Peter J. Bonney, Sasidhar Malladi, Amos Ssematimba, Erica Spackman, Mia Kim Torchetti, Marie Culhane, Carol J. Cardona
Summary: Limiting the spread of low pathogenicity avian influenza (LPAI) during an outbreak is crucial to minimize the negative impact on poultry producers and local economies. Mathematical models were used to estimate key epidemiological parameters such as the time of virus introduction and contact rate during a LPAI H5N2 outbreak in Minnesota, USA in 2018. Results suggest that early detection, increased testing, and combining data from similar production systems can improve estimation accuracy.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Bingbing Zhao, Wenqing Wang, Yating Song, Xiangyang Wen, Siyu Feng, Weiqiang Li, Yangbao Ding, Zuxian Chen, Zhuoliang He, Shao Wang, Peirong Jiao
Summary: Since 2017, the new highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) H7N9 have caused significant infection and death in chickens in China. A study analyzed the genetic characteristics of H7N9 avian influenza viruses isolated in Guangdong, China in 2017, and found highly pathogenic strains belonging to two different genotypes. The study also demonstrated that these viruses can replicate, transmit effectively, and induce strong immune responses in chickens.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Jun Li, Rumeng Li, Qi Zhang, Peipei Peng, Xiaoquan Wang, Min Gu, Zenglei Hu, Xinan Jiao, Daxin Peng, Jiao Hu, Xiufan Liu
Summary: This study demonstrates that the H7N9 VLP vaccine provides complete clinical protection against HP H7N9 virus, significantly inhibits virus shedding, and abolishes viral replication in chickens. The VLP vaccine represents a promising alternative strategy for the development of novel H7N9 avian influenza vaccines for chickens.
VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sphamandla E. Mtambo, Samuel C. Ugbaja, Aganze G. Mushebenge, Bahijjahtu H. Abubakar, Mthobisi L. Ntuli, Hezekiel M. Kumalo
Summary: This study investigates the mechanism and dynamics of the E119V mutation on the peramivir-neuraminidase complex of the H7N9 virus. Molecular dynamic simulations and analysis reveal that the E119V substitution confers greater stability on the protein complex. This research provides valuable insights for future drug design and control of avian influenza.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Chengjun Li, Hualan Chen
Summary: In early 2013, human infections caused by a novel H7N9 avian influenza virus were first reported in China, which later evolved into highly pathogenic strains. Since 2017, nationwide vaccination of chickens has successfully controlled H7N9 avian influenza infections in poultry and prevented human infections.
COLD SPRING HARBOR PERSPECTIVES IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Guanghu Zhu, Min Kang, Xueli Wei, Tian Tang, Tao Liu, Jianpeng Xiao, Tie Song, Wenjun Ma
Summary: This study quantified the effects of different interventions towards Live Poultry Markets (LPMs) for controlling H7N9 transmission in Guangdong Province. Temporary, seasonal, and permanent closure of LPMs can substantially reduce transmission risk, while the 1110 policy has limited effectiveness in preventing H7N9 transmission.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Dongchang He, Jinyuan Gu, Min Gu, Huiguang Wu, Juan Li, Tiansong Zhan, Yu Chen, Naiqing Xu, Zhichuang Ge, Guoqing Wang, Xiaoli Hao, Xiaoquan Wang, Jiao Hu, Zenglei Hu, Shunlin Hu, Xiaowen Liu, Xiufan Liu
Summary: The Avian Influenza Virus (AIV) H7N9 emerged in 2013 in Eastern China and has caused severe disease in humans in multiple waves, with highly pathogenic variants appearing in 2016. Studies show ongoing evolution in H7N9 AIV since 2017, with vaccination programs potentially intensifying natural selection. Enhanced surveillance is needed to understand the current situation of the virus.
INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Jing Yang, Jianhua Yan, Cheng Zhang, Shanqin Li, Manhua Yuan, Chunge Zhang, Chenguang Shen, Yang Yang, Lifeng Fu, Guanlong Xu, Weifeng Shi, Zhenghai Ma, Ting Rong Luo, Yuhai Bi
Summary: During an investigation in Guangxi, China, two individuals were found to have been infected with H9N2 avian influenza virus (AIV), which was isolated from them as well as from a pet cat and a chicken bred by the patients. The isolates showed high identity and had mutations in the receptor binding domain that could affect binding to human-type receptors. These isolates also exhibited the ability to replicate and cause pathological changes in mice, indicating a high risk to public health. The study emphasizes the need for effective prevention and control measures against H9N2 AIVs.
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2023)
Article
Virology
Dongchang He, Min Gu, Xiyue Wang, Xiaoquan Wang, Gairu Li, Yayao Yan, Jinyuan Gu, Tiansong Zhan, Huiguang Wu, Xiaoli Hao, Guoqing Wang, Jiao Hu, Shunlin Hu, Xiaowen Liu, Shuo Su, Chan Ding, Xiufan Liu
Summary: Since the emergence of highly pathogenic H7N9 avian influenza virus in China in 2016, with at least 33 human infections, it has been primarily circulating in Northern China in recent years, with signs of parallel evolution and positive selection in the hemagglutinin gene.
Article
Virology
Zhaoxia Yuan, Taifang Zhou, Jiahao Zhang, Qingxin Zeng, Danli Jiang, Meifang Wei, Xudong Li
Summary: This study found the presence of H6N2 subtype avian influenza viruses in waterfowl in Guangdong province, China. These viruses have the potential to infect pigs, dogs, and humans, posing a risk to public health. Genomic analysis showed that H6N2 viruses underwent complex reassortment, and the transmission routes were concentrated in Jiangxi province, with aquatic birds, especially ducks, being the main source of viral transmission. Additionally, positively selected amino acid sites were identified in the HA protein. Continued surveillance is necessary due to the continuous dissemination and broad prevalence of H6 subtype influenza viruses.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Lucas Rocha-Melogno, Katherine Crank, Michael H. Bergin, Gregory C. Gray, Kyle Bibby, Marc A. Deshusses
Summary: An increasing body of literature suggests that aerosol inhalation plays a primary role in COVID-19 transmission, particularly in indoor settings. In response to this, the authors developed a model and web application to assess and mitigate the risk of aerosol transmission. Their findings showed that the risk of transmission significantly increased when masks were not worn and the room was poorly ventilated, but it could be reduced with proper ventilation and relative humidity.
ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Naga Chalasani, Yi-Ju Li, Andrew Dellinger, Victor Navarro, Herbert Bonkovsky, Robert J. Fontana, Jiezhun Gu, Huiman Barnhart, Elizabeth Phillips, Craig Lammert, Tae-Hwi Schwantes-An, Paola Nicoletti, David E. Kleiner, Jay H. Hoofnagle
Summary: This study describes the clinical characteristics, outcomes, and HLA risk factors for nitrofurantoin-induced liver injury (NTF-DILI) among individuals enrolled in the Drug Induced Liver Injury Network (DILIN). Long-term use of NTF can result in parenchymal necrosis, bridging fibrosis, cirrhosis, and death or liver transplantation, and is associated with HLA-DRB1*11:04. Regulators should revise the prescribing information and consider other mitigation strategies.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jessica H. Leibler, Anfal Abdelgadir, James Seidel, Roberta F. White, W. Evan Johnson, Stephen J. Reynolds, Gregory C. Gray, Joshua W. Schaeffer
Summary: This study investigated the exposure to influenza D virus (IDV) and its health effects among United States dairy workers. The results showed that a high percentage of workers were exposed to IDV, but it was not associated with respiratory symptoms.
ZOONOSES AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xiaoyi Raymond Gao, Marion Chiariglione, Ke Qin, Karen Nuytemans, Douglas W. Scharre, Yi-Ju Li, Eden R. Martin
Summary: By constructing polygenic risk scores (PRSs) and using machine learning models, this study predicts the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and explores the importance of PRSs, conventional risk factors, and ICD-10 codes. The PRSs are found to be more important predictors than age for late-onset AD. The machine learning model also identifies important predictors from electronic health records, such as urinary tract infection, syncope and collapse, chest pain, disorientation, and hypercholesterolemia.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Ka -Li Zhu, Xiao-Lin Jiang, Bing-Dong Zhan, Xue-Jun Wang, Xian Xia, Guo-Ping Cao, Wen-Kui Sun, Peng-Xiang Huang, Jin-Zhong Zhang, Yu-Ling Gao, Er-Hei Dai, Hui-Xia Gao, Mai-Juan Ma
Summary: A study found that the durability of neutralizing antibodies against the Omicron subvariants is uncertain 4-6 months after vaccination or infection. Two doses of CoronaVac or a third dose of ZF2001 produce limited neutralization against Omicron subvariants 6 months after vaccination. Hybrid immunity and Delta, BA.1, and BA.2 breakthrough infections induce long-term persistence of the antibody response, with over 70% of sera neutralizing BA.1, BA.2, BA.4/BA.5, and BF.7. However, BQ.1.1 and XBB, as well as BA.2.75, show higher resistance to neutralization. These data suggest the need for additional vaccination in CoronaVac or ZF2001-vaccinated individuals and provide insight into the durability of neutralization against Omicron subvariants.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Zhiying Yin, Quanjun Fang, Tingcui Wen, Canjie Zheng, Canya Fu, Shuangqing Wang, Junji Li, Xiaoying Gong
Summary: Limited data on the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines used in China against Omicron variants in vaccinated individuals are available. Two outbreaks of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants occurred in Quzhou, with most infections being mild or asymptomatic and majority of cases being vaccine breakthroughs. The overall vaccine effectiveness of partial, full, and booster doses was found to be less than 30%. Booster vaccination provided increased protection, especially for individuals over 80 years old.
HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Zhiying Yin, Canjie Zheng, Quanjun Fang, Tingcui Wen, Shuangqing Wang, Junji Li, Xiaoying Gong, Ziling Xiang
Summary: Despite high vaccine coverage in high-income countries, there has been a resurgence of pertussis in recent years, highlighting the need to understand the effects of vaccines and vaccination strategies. This study investigated the IgG antibody response to pertussis toxoid, filamentous hemagglutinin, and pertactin after four doses of co-purified or component vaccines in children. The results showed that the immunogenicity of the component vaccine was superior to that of the co-purified vaccine. The levels of pertussis IgG declined over time regardless of the vaccine used, suggesting the need for booster doses in adolescents, adults, and pregnant women.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kaile Zhou, Yi-Ju Li, Erik J. Soderblom, Alexander Reed, Vaibhav Jain, Shuming Sun, M. Arthur Moseley, Virginia Byers Kraus
Summary: This study aimed to identify blood markers for predicting clinically relevant knee osteoarthritis (OA) progression over 48 months. A set of 15 serum proteomic markers corresponding to 13 proteins showed a high accuracy (73% AUC) in differentiating progressors from nonprogressors in a cohort of 596 knee OA patients. The predictive power of these blood markers was superior to traditional methods and the current best-in-class biomarker for OA progression. The findings were also confirmed in a second cohort of 86 individuals, further validating the generalizability of the marker set.
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Weizheng Liang, Xiushen Li, Hao Wang, Shuangqing Wang, Qingxue Meng, Ruoqing Feng, Jingbo Zhai, Mengzhou Xue, Chunfu Zheng
Article
Virology
Wei Li, Yuehong Chen, Ye Feng, Jing Li, Xiaoping Kang, Sen Zhang, Yuchang Li, Zhiyan Zhao, Wenguang Yang, Lu Zhao, Huiyao Wang, Tao Jiang
Summary: In this study, a full-length infectious cDNA clone of human adenovirus 55 (HAdV-55) was constructed using a bacteria-mediated recombination approach. The green fluorescent protein expression cassette was then inserted to obtain a recombinant virus. The recombinant virus can be used for neutralizing antibody testing and antiviral screening.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jay B. Lusk, Anna Covington, Li Liu, Daniel P. Weikel, Yi-Ju Li, Padmini Sekar, Stacie L. Demel, Yasmin N. Aziz, Chelsea S. Kidwell, Daniel Woo, Michael L. James
Summary: The study evaluated the association between hyperglycemia, ischemic lesions, and functional outcomes after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). It found that a medical history of diabetes and the presence of DWI lesions were independently associated with poor functional outcomes after ICH, but no association was found between hyperglycemia and DWI lesions.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Virology
Zhiyan Zhao, Jing Li, Ye Feng, Xiaoping Kang, Yuchang Li, Yuehong Chen, Wei Li, Wenguang Yang, Lu Zhao, Shenghai Huang, Sen Zhang, Tao Jiang
Summary: Influenza A Virus (IAV) is a major public health concern, and its replication can lead to epigenetic changes via DNA methylation, which regulate gene expression. In this study, we found that the suppression of DNMT1 expression during IAV infection results in demethylation of the OASL protein's promoter region, promoting its expression and enhancing host antiviral response. This innate immunity mechanism sheds light on viral pathogenesis and host defense.
Article
Virology
Shuyang Jiang, Sen Zhang, Xiaoping Kang, Ye Feng, Yadan Li, Maoshun Nie, Yuchang Li, Yuehong Chen, Shishun Zhao, Tao Jiang, Jing Li
Summary: This study used convolutional neural network models to predict host adaptation of swine coronaviruses (CoVs). The models were based on di-nucleotide composition representation (DCR) and other traits of the ORF1ab and Spike sequences. Unsupervised learning analysis revealed multiple host adaptation of different swine CoVs. The CNN models successfully predicted the adaptation of swine CoVs to various mammalian hosts.
Letter
Virology
Yuchang Li, Yanhong Gao, Ying Tang, Jing Li, Sen Zhang, Tao Jiang, Xiaoping Kang
Letter
Infectious Diseases
Sajid Umar, Mai-Juan Ma, Gregory C. Gray
INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES
(2023)