Article
Infectious Diseases
Eva Hong, Aude Terrade, Melanie Denizon, Myriam Aouiti-Trabelsi, Michael Falguieres, Muhamed-Kheir Taha, Ala-Eddine Deghmane
Summary: The Hib conjugate vaccine in France was simplified to a 2+1 scheme in 2013, but in the years following, there was an increase in the number of Hib invasive infections and cases of vaccine failure. Children in the 3+1 group had significantly higher anti-PRP IgG concentrations and a higher proportion reached the 1 μg/ml threshold compared to the 2+1 group.
BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Janet R. Gilsdorf
Summary: Hib vaccines are crucial in preventing serious infections in children, with conjugated vaccines offering enhanced immunogenicity and prolonged protection. Global incidence of Hib infections has significantly decreased due to widespread vaccination efforts.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
M. P. E. Slack, A. W. Cripps, K. Grimwood, G. A. Mackenzie, G. M. Ulanova
Summary: Hib used to be a common cause of bacterial infections in children, but with the widespread use of vaccines, its incidence has decreased. However, other capsulated serotypes are now causing more invasive infections in various regions. Surveillance and prevention efforts need to be strengthened to address this emerging trend.
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Sara E. Oliver, Amy B. Rubis, Heidi M. Soeters, Arthur Reingold, Meghan Barnes, Susan Petit, Monica M. Farley, Lee H. Harrison, Kathy Como-Sabetti, Sarah A. Khanlian, Rachel Wester, Ann Thomas, William Schaffner, Henju Marjuki, Xin Wang, Susan Hariri
Summary: This study evaluated the epidemiology of NTHi disease in the US, including among pregnant women, infants, and PWH. Results showed that NTHi causes substantial invasive disease, especially among older adults, pregnant/postpartum women, and neonates. Enhanced surveillance and targeted interventions are needed to prevent perinatal NTHi infections.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Saber Heidari, Manoochehr Karami, Seyed Mohsen Zahraei, Iraj Sedighi, Fatemeh Azimian Zavareh
Summary: The study investigated the epidemiology of meningitis in Iran following the introduction of the pentavalent vaccine, demonstrating a significant reduction in meningitis caused by H. influenzae type b. The introduction of the pentavalent vaccine has effectively decreased the incidence of meningitis, particularly in children under the age of 5.
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GLOBAL HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Allergy
Lise Gehrt, Andreas Rieckmann, Nicholas Kiraly, Aksel Karl Georg Jensen, Peter Aaby, Christine Stabell Benn, Signe Sorup
Summary: The study suggests that delayed vaccination with DTaP may reduce the risk of developing new cases of atopic dermatitis in children before the age of 1. The results from Denmark further support this hypothesis.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Aoife S. Reilly, Martha McElligott, Conor Mac Dermott Casement, Richard J. Drew
Summary: Since the introduction of Haemophilus influenzae (Hi) serotype b (Hib) vaccination, there has been an increase in the incidence rate of non-Hib serotypes, specifically Hi serotype f (Hif). A systematic review shows that the global incidence rate of Hif infection is increasing, with invasive infections commonly presenting as pneumonia, septicaemia, and meningitis. Genetic analysis reveals that Hif is relatively clonal, belonging mostly to clonal complex 124, and is currently susceptible to ampicillin.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Stephen C. Watts, Louise M. Judd, Rosemary Carzino, Sarath Ranganathan, Kathryn E. Holt
Summary: Respiratory infection during childhood is a key risk factor in early cystic fibrosis lung disease progression. Haemophilus influenzae and Haemophilus parainfluenzae are commonly isolated from the lungs of children with CF, with a high frequency of colonization and antimicrobial resistance. The genetic basis for AMR in these bacteria was identified, and Haemophilus parainfluenzae had a higher prevalence of acquired AMR genes than H. influenzae.
Article
Immunology
Marissa B. Wilck, Z. Jin Xu, Jon E. Stek, Michelle G. Goveia, Andrew W. Lee
Summary: DTaP-IPV-Hib-HepB vaccine demonstrates high safety and immunogenicity in multiple clinical studies, inducing effective responses against Hib. Post-vaccination, recipients of DTaP-IPV-Hib-HepB show superior performance in achieving protective antibody thresholds for PRP compared to control vaccines.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nadia A. Kadry, Eric A. Porsch, Hao Shen, Joseph W. St Geme
Summary: NTHi is a common cause of respiratory tract disease and preventing colonization is a strategy to prevent disease. Immunization with HMW1 and HMW2 can protect against colonization by both parent NTHi strain and heterologous strains expressing distinct HMW1 and HMW2 proteins. The protection against heterologous strains is IL-17A dependent.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yesenia Osorio-Aguilar, Maria Cristina Gonzalez-Vazquez, Patricia Lozano-Zarain, Ygnacio Martinez-Laguna, Lidia Baylon-Pacheco, Jose Luis Rosales-Encina, Alejandro Carabarin-Lima, Rosa del Carmen Rocha-Gracia
Summary: Enolase proteins can interact with extracellular matrix proteins, such as collagens, to promote the colonization and invasion of pathogens. The study shows that non-typeable H. influenzae enolase strongly binds to type I collagen and has a higher affinity for it than type III collagen. This interaction may enhance the virulence and pathogenicity of H. influenzae.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Leisha D. Nolen, Carolynn DeByle, Nadav Topaz, Brenna C. Simons, Amanda Tiffany, Alisa Reasonover, Louisa Castrodale, Joseph McLaughlin, Joe Klejka, Xin Wang, Michael Bruce
Summary: Hia isolates from the outbreak community in Alaska were genetically similar and not distinguishable between carriers and invasive cases. There were no genetic mutations that differentiated carriage from invasive isolates. Concerningly, some isolates showed resistance to rifampin.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Anna Carrera-Salinas, Aida Gonzalez-Diaz, Rachel L. Ehrlich, Damaris Berbel, Fe Tubau, Xavier Pomares, Junkal Garmendia, M. Angeles Dominguez, Carmen Ardanuy, Daniel Huertas, Alicia Marin, Conchita Monton, Joshua Chang Mell, Salud Santos, Sara Marti
Summary: The immunomodulatory properties of azithromycin reduce the frequency of exacerbations and improve the quality of life of COPD patients. However, long-term administration may alter the respiratory microbiota, such as Haemophilus influenzae, an opportunistic respiratory colonizing bacteria that play an important role in exacerbations. This study contributes to a better understanding of COPD progression by characterizing the clinical evolution of H. influenzae in a cohort of patients with prolonged azithromycin treatment. The emergence of macrolide resistance during the first months, combined with the role of Haemophilus parainfluenzae as a reservoir and source of resistance dissemination, is a cause for concern that may lead to therapeutic failure. Furthermore, genetic variations in cell wall and inorganic ion metabolism coding genes likely favor bacterial adaptation to host selective pressures. Therefore, the bacterial pathoadaptive evolution in these severe COPD patients raise our awareness of the possible spread of macrolide resistance and selection of host-adapted clones.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Emi Tanaka, Takeaki Wajima, Kei-Ichi Uchiya, Hidemasa Nakaminami
Summary: This study investigates the emergence and dissemination mechanisms of low susceptibility to quinolones in Haemophilus influenzae strains. The results show that quinolone resistance can emerge through point mutation in gyrA as well as through horizontal transfer of mutated gyrA. Additionally, extracellular DNA plays an active role in the transfer of quinolone resistance. The study also identifies specific sequences involved in the horizontal transfer of resistance. These findings highlight the importance of monitoring drug resistance in H. influenzae isolates.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Ravinder Kaur, Naoko Fuji, Michael E. Pichichero
Summary: The colonization of otopathogens in the nasopharynx causing acute otitis media has shown dynamic changes following the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines. Haemophilus influenzae was the most common otopathogen cultured from middle ear fluid during AOM and there was a high non-susceptibility to common antibiotics among Streptococcus pneumoniae strains. The most common Spn serotypes associated with AOM were 35B, 23B, and 15B/C, with increasing resistance to antibiotics.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)