Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Irith De Baetselier, Christophe Van Dijck, Chris Kenyon, Jasmine Coppens, Johan Michiels, Tessa de Block, Hilde Smet, Sandra Coppens, Fien Vanroye, Joachim Jakob Bugert, Philipp Girl, Sabine Zange, Laurens Liesenborghs, Isabel Brosius, Johan van Griensven, Philippe Selhorst, Eric Florence, Dorien Van den Bossche, Kevin K. Arien, Antonio Mauro Rezende, Koen Vercauteren, Marjan Van Esbroeck
Summary: The magnitude of the 2022 monkeypox virus outbreak has exceeded any previous outbreak, and undiagnosed infections may be driving the epidemic. A study found four men attending a Belgian sexual health clinic to be infected with monkeypox. One man had a painful rash while the other three were asymptomatic, but their infections were confirmed through clinical examination. These findings suggest that undiagnosed cases of monkeypox could contribute to the transmission and scale of the 2022 outbreak.
Article
Immunology
Richard B. Kennedy, Inna G. Ovsyannikova, Iana H. Haralambieva, Diane E. Grill, Gregory A. Poland
Summary: The availability of effective smallpox vaccines was crucial for eradicating smallpox. This study utilized a poxvirus proteome array to assess the antibody response to viral proteins in smallpox vaccine recipients, revealing differences in antibody response between genders and racial/ethnic groups. The findings support the use of ACAM2000 as a replacement smallpox vaccine and demonstrate the value of poxvirus proteome microarrays in serologic surveillance studies for smallpox.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Luca M. Zaeck, Mart M. Lamers, Babs E. Verstrepen, Theo M. Bestebroer, Martin E. van Royen, Hannelore Gotz, Marc C. Shamier, Leanne P. M. van Leeuwen, Katharina S. Schmitz, Kimberley Alblas, Suzanne van Efferen, Susanne Bogers, Sandra Scherbeijn, Guus F. Rimmelzwaan, Eric C. M. van Gorp, Marion P. G. Koopmans, Bart L. Haagmans, Corine H. GeurtsvanKessel, Rory D. de Vries
Summary: In July 2022, the monkeypox outbreak was declared an international public health emergency. Historic smallpox vaccination and monkeypox virus infection can generate MPXV-neutralizing antibodies, but vaccination with MVA-BN results in lower levels of these antibodies. Further studies are needed to assess the efficacy of the MVA-BN vaccine in at-risk populations.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Hussain Haider Shah, Muhammad Khizer Molani, Naqiha Shabbir
Summary: Monkeypox is a zoonotic virus with a similar clinical appearance to smallpox. Its symptoms include fever, headache, muscle aches, and lymphadenopathy. Monkeypox can be transmitted through infected animals, direct contact, respiratory droplets, and contaminated clothing.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Ruikang Liu, Jeffrey L. Americo, Patricia L. Earl, Jack Villani, Catherine A. Cotter, Bernard Moss
Summary: The difference in pathogenicity between the pathogenic isolate clone 3 (CL3) and the second-generation smallpox vaccine ACAM2000 is associated with truncation of the interferon alpha/beta (IFN-alpha/beta) decoy receptor. Viruses expressing the full-length decoy receptor are more virulent in mouse models.
Article
Microbiology
Ruikang Liu, Jeffrey L. Americo, Patricia L. Earl, Jack Villani, Catherine A. Cotter, Bernard Moss
Summary: The more pathogenic Clone 3 (CL3) virus compared to ACAM2000 is attributed to the presence of a full-length IFN-alpha/beta decoy receptor in CL3 and a truncation of the receptor in ACAM2000. Experimental evidence shows that viruses expressing the full-length decoy receptor cause more severe diseases in mice.
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Peter A. Kahn, Xiaohan Ying, Michael Virata, Patrick Magahis, Sunnie Li, Walter S. Mathis
Summary: This cross-sectional study examines the correlation between the availability and accessibility of mpox vaccine sites and the number of reported cases and allocated vaccines.
Article
Immunology
Chiranjib Chakraborty, Manojit Bhattacharya, Ashish Ranjan Sharma, Kuldeep Dhama
Summary: Research has shown that smallpox vaccines can be used to prevent monkeypox, and this article discusses the importance of vaccines and vaccinations against monkeypox, while exploring potential models for the eradication of MPX in middle to low-economic countries.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Giulia Matusali, Elisa Petruccioli, Eleonora Cimini, Francesca Colavita, Aurora Bettini, Eleonora Tartaglia, Settimia Sbarra, Silvia Meschi, Daniele Lapa, Massimo Francalancia, Licia Bordi, Valentina Mazzotta, Sabrina Coen, Klizia Mizzoni, Alessia Beccacece, Emanuele Nicastri, Luca Pierelli, Andrea Antinori, Enrico Girardi, Francesco Vaia, Alessandro Sette, Alba Grifoni, Delia Goletti, Vincenzo Puro, Fabrizio Maggi
Summary: This study found that a high proportion of individuals who received the smallpox vaccine 40 to 60 years ago have humoral cross-immunity to MPXV, while a smaller group of vaccinated individuals showed a T-cell-specific response against MPXV.
Article
Immunology
Essie Komla, Oscar B. Torres, Rashmi Jalah, Agnieszka Sulima, Zoltan Beck, Carl R. Alving, Arthur E. Jacobson, Kenner C. Rice, Gary R. Matyas
Summary: Opioid use disorder is a serious health issue that has been increasing significantly in the past decade. Developing a conjugate vaccine to generate high affinity antibodies and neutralize opioids before they reach the brain is a complementary strategy to combat the crisis. The vaccine components include an opioid hapten conjugated to a carrier protein with adjuvants, and preexisting immunity to the carrier protein does not affect the immunogenicity and efficacy of the vaccine.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Phillip R. Pittman, James W. Martin, Placide Mbala Kingebeni, Jean-Jacques Muyembe Tamfum, Gaston Mwema, Qingwen Wan, Pierre Ewala, Jules Alonga, Guy Bilulu, Mary G. Reynolds, Xiaofei Quinn, Sarah Norris, Michael B. Townsend, Panayampalli S. Satheshkumar, James Wadding, Bryony Soltis, Anna Honko, Fernando B. Guerena, Lawrence Korman, Kerry Patterson, David A. Schwartz, John W. Huggins
Summary: This prospective observational study provides a clinical description of human monkeypox (mpox) disease, including presenting symptoms, laboratory findings, and treatment recommendations. The study also presents the research findings on the natural history and pathology of mpox disease in a remote region of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The study highlights the characteristic rash and lymphadenopathy observed in patients, as well as the increased risk of severe disease in patients with hypoalbuminemia.
PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES
(2023)
Review
Virology
Anirban Goutam Mukherjee, Uddesh Ramesh Wanjari, Sandra Kannampuzha, Soumik Das, Reshma Murali, Arunraj Namachivayam, Kaviyarasi Renu, Gnanasambandan Ramanathan, George Priya C. Doss, Balachandar Vellingiri, Abhijit Dey, Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan
Summary: In addition to the COVID-19 pandemic, there is a global outbreak of monkeypox, a rare zoonotic infection with symptoms similar to smallpox. The monkeypox virus (MPXV), which causes the disease, has been mostly limited to Africa, but the ongoing outbreak in multiple countries in 2022 is the largest in recorded history. This review highlights the potential threat of MPXV to human health and provides the latest insights into the biology of the virus, including its impact on human health, epidemiological patterns, and available therapeutic options.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Yunes Panahi, Behzad Einollahi, Fatemeh Beiraghdar, Mohammad Darvishi, Saeid Fathi, Mohammad Javanbakht, Sepehr Shafiee, Reza Akhavan-Sigari
Summary: This review study compared the relative efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines based on real-world data, highlighting key factors influencing vaccine effectiveness that require further research. Long-term immune protection and boosting after infection-acquired immunity from vaccination may play a role in enhancing durable protection.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Immunology
F. J. O'Dell, A. N. Williams, A. Poland
Summary: William Money, a significant figure in the study of smallpox disease and vaccination, conducted research that showed vaccination was not dangerous. His work in England started from serving as a house surgeon at Northampton Infirmary and later becoming a surgeon at the Royal Metropolitan Hospital in London.
Review
Immunology
Zhongjie Sun, Tingxin Wu, Huangfan Xie, Yuhuan Li, Jinlan Zhang, Xuncheng Su, Hailong Qi
Summary: This review discusses the role of cellular immunity in fighting against COVID-19 and summarizes recent advances in the development of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and the immune responses induced by vaccines, aiming to improve the design of new vaccines and immunization strategies.
Correction
Immunology
Chang Kyung Kang, Minji Kim, Soojin Lee, Gwanghun Kim, Pyoeng Gyun Choe, Wan Beom Park, Nam Joong Kim, Chang-Han Lee, Ik Soo Kim, Keehoon Jung, Dong-Sup Lee, Hyun Mu Shin, Hang-Rae Kim, Myoung-don Oh
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chan Mi Lee, Young-Jun Kim, Sook-In Jung, Seong Eun Kim, Wan Beom Park, Pyoeng Gyun Choe, Eu Suk Kim, Chung-Jong Kim, Hee Jung Choi, Shinwon Lee, Sun Hee Lee, Younghee Jung, Ji Hwan Bang, Shinhye Cheon, Yee Gyung Kwak, Yu Min Kang, Kyung-Hwa Park, Kyoung-Ho Song, Hong Bin Kim
Summary: This study aimed to compare the clinical characteristics and impact of carbapenem resistance on outcomes between Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia. The results showed that the treatment failure rate was significantly higher in carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii bacteremia compared to carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia. Additionally, severe sepsis or septic shock and high Pitt bacteremia score were identified as independent risk factors for treatment failure in both groups of patients.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Letter
Hematology
Chang Kyung Kang, Baekgyu Choi, Sugyeong Kim, Choong Hyun Sun, Soon Ho Yoon, Kyukwang Kim, Euijin Chang, Jongtak Jung, Pyoeng Gyun Choe, Wan Beom Park, Eu Suk Kim, Hong Bin Kim, Nam Joong Kim, Myoung-don Oh, Hogune Im, Joohae Kim, Yong Hoon Lee, Jaehee Lee, Hyonho Chun, Youngil Koh, Ji Yeon Lee, Joon Ho Moon, Kyoung-Ho Song, Inkyung Jung
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Hyuna Noh, Suhyeon Yoon, Sung-Hee Kim, Jiseon Kim, Jung Seon Seo, Jeong Jin Kim, In Ho Park, Jooyeon Oh, Joon-Yong Bae, Gee Eun Lee, Sun-Je Woo, Sun-Min Seo, Na-Won Kim, Youn Woo Lee, Hui Jeong Jang, Seung-Min Hong, Se-Hee An, Kwang-Soo Lyoo, Minjoo Yeom, Hanbyeul Lee, Bud Jung, Sun-Woo Yoon, Jung-Ah Kang, Sang-Hyuk Seok, Yu Jin Lee, Seo Yeon Kim, Young Been Kim, Ji-Yeon Hwang, Dain On, Soo-Yeon Lim, Sol Pin Kim, Ji Yun Jang, Ho Lee, Kyoungmi Kim, Hyo-Jung Lee, Hong Bin Kim, Sun Bean Kim, Jun Won Park, Dae Gwin Jeong, Daesub Song, Kang-Seuk Choi, Ho-Young Lee, Yang-Kyu Choi, Jung-ah Choi, Manki Song, Man-Seong Park, Jun-Young Seo, Jeon-Soo Shin, Jun-Won Yun, Ki Taek Nam, Je Kyung Seong
Summary: During the COVID-19 pandemic, South Korea led efforts to develop vaccines and therapeutics for SARS-CoV-2. They established an evaluation system, received 101 applications, and selected 32 final candidates based on pharmacokinetics, toxicity, and efficacy data. Their findings showed significant efficacy of eight new drugs and one repositioned drug, as well as protective activities of three vaccines and four antiviral drugs against SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis.
PULMONARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Kyoung-Ho Song, Chung-Jong Kim, Nam-Kyong Choi, Jeonghoon Ahn, Pyoeng Gyun Choe, Wan Beom Park, Nam Joong Kim, Hee Jung Choi, Ji Yun Bae, Eu Suk Kim, Hyunju Lee, Jeong Su Park, Younghee Jung, Seung Soon Lee, Kyung-Hwa Park, Sook-In Jung, Yeon-Sook Kim, Ji-Hwan Bang, Shinwon Lee, Yu Min Kang, Yee Gyung Kwak, Hong Bin Kim
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the socioeconomic and clinical burden of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO), such as MRSA, VRE, MRAB, MRPA, and CRE. The study found that MDRO bacteremia caused a significant clinical and economic burden.
JOURNAL OF GLOBAL ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE
(2022)
Letter
Medical Laboratory Technology
Jeong Su Park, Yun Jung Choi, Kyungmi Kwon, Seong Jin Choi, Song Mi Moon, Kyoung-Ho Song, Eu Suk Kim, Kyoung Un Park, Hong Bin Kim
ANNALS OF LABORATORY MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Chan Mi Lee, Pyoeng Gyun Choe, Chang Kyung Kang, Eunyoung Lee, Kyoung-Ho Song, Ji Hwan Bang, Eu Suk Kim, Hong Bin Kim, Nam Joong Kim, Hang-Rae Kim, Youngju Kim, Chang-Han Lee, Hyun Mu Shin, Sang-Won Park, Wan Beom Park, Myoung-don Oh
Summary: This study investigates the immune responses in individuals vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 who develop breakthrough COVID-19, comparing severe and non-severe cases. The study finds that severe breakthrough cases have lower levels of anti-S1 IgG antibodies within the first week of symptom onset compared to non-severe cases, and non-severe cases have higher antibody levels compared to vaccinated individuals without infection. The cellular immune response is also diminished in breakthrough cases, particularly in severe cases. Advanced age and low anti-S1 IgG titer are associated with severe breakthrough COVID-19.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Eunjeong Heo, Yoonhee Choi, Hyung-sook Kim, Hyung Wook Namgung, Eunsook Lee, Euni Lee, Ju-Yeun Lee, Jongtak Jung, Eu Suk Kim, Hong Bin Kim, Kyoung-Ho Song
Summary: This study aimed to describe the current status of outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) at a tertiary care hospital in Korea. The results showed a high prescription rate of OPAT but low attention to follow-up visits and laboratory monitoring. Therefore, it is necessary to establish an appropriate management program for OPAT.
INFECTION AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Nak-Hyun Kim, Yunjung Choi, Kyungmi Kwon, Jeong Su Park, Kyoung Un Park, Song Mi Moon, Kyoung-Ho Song, Eu Suk Kim, Wan Beom Park, Hong Bin Kim
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association between serum anti-α-toxin antibody levels and clinical outcomes of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB). The findings suggest that lower anti-α-toxin antibody responses before and during SAB are associated with more severe clinical presentations of infection.
JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Yunsang Choi, Eun-bi Jeon, Taeyoung Kim, Seong Jin Choi, Song Mi Moon, Kyoung-Ho Song, Hong Bin Kim, Eu Suk Kim
Summary: A case of occupational monkeypox virus infection in a healthcare worker in South Korea was reported, along with a review of similar cases in the literature during 2022. Postexposure prophylactic treatment with a third-generation smallpox vaccine and antiviral agent tecovirimat was effective in inhibiting local virus spread and alleviating lesion pain.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Byungwook Kim, Sejung Hwang, Eunjeong Heo, Hyung-sook Kim, Jongtak Jung, Eu Suk Kim, Hong Bin Kim, Kyunghoon Lee, Jeong Su Park, Junghan Song, Joon Hee Lee, Jae -Yong Chung, Kyoung-Ho Song, Seonghae Yoon
Summary: This study evaluated the predictability of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients undergoing therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) based on various TDM target parameters, levels, and sampling methods. The AUC0-24 cutoff value of 500 mg*h/L in both one- and two-point sampling methods showed significant predictability (P = 0.042) for AKI. The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis suggested an AUC0-24 cutoff value of 563.45 mg*h/L as the upper limit for TDM target in predicting AKI.
JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Hae Suk Cheong, Kyung-Hwa Park, Bongyoung Kim, Byung Wook Eun, Hyung-sook Kim, Yong Chan Kim, Hyukmin Lee, Su Jin Jeong, Chisook Moon, Shin-Woo Kim, Young Kyung Yoon, In Sun Hwang, Choon-Seon Park, Mi Suk Lee, Hong Bin Kim, Ji-Yeon Shin, Ki Tae Kwon
Summary: This study aims to establish a national consensus on the core elements and related checklist items for the implementation of antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) in Korean general hospitals. Through a literature review, online questionnaires, and expert meetings, 6 core elements and 28 checklist items were identified, providing useful indicators for the implementation of ASPs in Korea.
INFECTION AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Eunsik Bang, Sujin Oh, Hee Won Cho, Da-ha Park, Ho Eun Chang, Jeong Su Park, Hyunju Lee, Kyoung-Ho Song, Eu Suk Kim, Hong Bin Kim, Young Ho Suh, Kyoung Un Park
Summary: A modular real-time nucleic acid amplification test (MRT-NAAT) was developed for simultaneous identification of pathogens and antimicrobial resistance genes. This time-effective method allows flexibility in primer selection by unifying reaction settings of each modular unit, enabling researchers to meet their specific needs and successfully detect pathogens and antimicrobial resistance genes.
INTERNATIONAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Hae Suk Cheong, Kyung-Hwa Park, Hong Bin Kim, Shin-Woo Kim, Bongyoung Kim, Chisook Moon, Mi Suk Lee, Young Kyung Yoon, Su Jin Jeong, Yong Chan Kim, Byung Wook Eun, Hyukmin Lee, Ji-Yeon Shin, Hyung-sook Kim, In Sun Hwang, Choon-Seon Park, Ki Tae Kwon
Summary: Currently, antimicrobial resistance is a major threat to global public health. Antimicrobial stewardship program (ASP) has been proposed as a crucial approach to tackle this crisis. This study aimed to identify the core elements of ASP for domestic medical facilities through a Delphi survey. The identified core elements include leadership commitment, operating system, action, tracking, reporting, and education. It is necessary to ensure collaboration among departments, establish reimbursement system and workforce, provide financial support and incentives, and incorporate core elements into healthcare accreditation for the effective implementation of ASP.
INFECTION AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Chan Mi Lee, Sang-Won Park, Eunyoung Lee
Summary: This study investigated the effectiveness of regdanvimab in the Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2 using chronological analysis in a real-world setting. The results showed that patients treated with regdanvimab in the Delta-predominant group were more likely to require oxygen supplementation and had shorter recovery times. However, considering the high proportion of vaccinated patients during the Delta-predominant period, the sustained effectiveness of regdanvimab remains uncertain and continuous monitoring is necessary.
INFECTION AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2022)
