Article
Genetics & Heredity
Kasumi Suzuki, Hiroki Shinkai, Gou Yoshioka, Toshimi Matsumoto, Junji Tanaka, Noboru Hayashi, Haruki Kitazawa, Hirohide Uenishi
Summary: The study found that the NOD2-2197A genotype in the PCV2b-spreading pig population can increase pig mortality at the growing stage, and after the PCV2b epidemic, the proportion of NOD2-2197A decreases. Functional differences caused by NOD2-2197 polymorphisms have a significant impact on pig health and livestock productivity.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Adthakorn Madapong, Kepalee Saeng-Chuto, Angkana Tantituvanont, Dachrit Nilubol
Summary: This study evaluated the immune response of six commercial vaccines against PRRSV-2 and PCV2, administered via intramuscular or intradermal routes. The results showed that intradermal vaccination was more effective in terms of immune response and clinical outcomes compared to intramuscular vaccination. Concurrent vaccination of PRRSV-2 MLV and PCV2 via either the intramuscular or intradermal routes could be a viable immunization strategy.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Virology
Hong-Xuan Li, Xi-Meng Chen, You-Yi Zhao, Hong-Lei Zhang, Lan-Lan Zheng, Lin-Qing Wang, Shi-jie Ma, Hong-Ying Chen
Summary: Porcine circovirus 4 (PCV4) was discovered in pigs in Hunan province, China in 2019 and has been found in pigs co-infected with porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV). A study was conducted in Henan province, China to investigate the co-infection and genetic diversity of PEDV and PCV4. A duplex SYBR Green I-based qPCR assay was developed for simultaneous detection of PEDV and PCV4. The results showed a detection rate of 40% for PEDV, 38% for PCV4, and a co-infection rate of 34%. Genetic analysis revealed different strains of PEDV and three genotypes of PCV4. This study provides valuable information for the prevention and control of these viruses.
ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Agm Rakibuzzaman, Pablo Pineyro, Angela Pillatzki, Sheela Ramamoorthy
Summary: The study showed that vaccination with the suicidal PCV2 vaccine constructs induced strong virus-neutralizing antibody responses, preventing lesions, body-weight loss, and viral replication. The construct was not detectable in vaccinated pigs' sera 14 days post-vaccination, indicating high safety. Exposure to immune selection pressure resulted in mutations to a stop signal, demonstrating both effectiveness and safety in rapidly attenuating PCV2.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Ning Li, Jing Liu, Jiali Qi, Feng Hao, Lei Xu, Kangkang Guo
Summary: The study reveals the genetic diversity of PCV2 in China, showing that PCV2b was initially dominant but shifted to PCV2d from 2009. This suggests a potential transition from PCV2b to PCV2d in 2009, similar to global patterns. Additionally, novel PCV2 strains were identified, highlighting the rich genetic diversity of PCV2 in China from 2000 to 2019.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Lanjeong Ju, Su-Hwa You, Min-A Lee, Usharani Jayaramaiah, Young-Ju Jeong, Hyang-Sim Lee, Bang-Hun Hyun, Nakhyung Lee, Seok-Jin Kang
Summary: In this study, a PCV2d vaccine candidate was selected and its protective efficacy against PCV2d isolate was evaluated. The results showed that the vaccine effectively reduced the copy number of PCV2d in blood and tissues, demonstrating protective efficacy against the currently prevalent PCV2d.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Pichanun Wongchanapai, Panuwat Yamsakul, Jirapat Arunorat, Thunyamas Guntawang, Tidaratt Sittisak, Saralee Srivorakul, Kornravee Photichai, Roongroje Thanawongnuwech, Manakorn Sukmak, Kidsadagon Pringproa
Summary: Porcine circovirus-associated disease (PCVAD) is one of the most important viral infectious diseases in pigs. This study demonstrated that vaccinating pigs with the chimeric PCV1-2a or PCV1-2a-2b vaccines can effectively enhance immune response against PCV2d infection and reduce viral load.
VETERINARY SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Amber R. Peswani, Jaraspim Narkpuk, Anja Krueger, Daniel G. Bracewell, Porntippa Lekcharoensuk, Stuart M. Haslam, Anne Dell, Peera Jaru-Ampornpan, Colin Robinson
Summary: This study presents a new production workflow for an updated and cost-effective PCV2d vaccine candidate, showing high yields of purified PCV2d-based antigen from E. coli fermentation systems and a chimeric PCV2d-PCV3 capsid construct. The recombinant protein effectively induced capsid-specific and PCV2d-neutralizing antibodies in immunized animals, suggesting significant potential as a new vaccine candidate that can be easily manufactured at commercial scale.
FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Seok-Jin Kang, In-Byung Park, Taehoon Chun
Summary: The study found that PCV2 ORF5 increased the expression of RNF128 in infected PK15 cells, suppressing type I interferon production and enhancing PCV2 replication. This suggests that up-regulating RNF128 with PCV2 ORF5 can help the virus evade initial immune surveillance in porcine epithelial cells.
RESEARCH IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Weijie Li, Jianzhen Li, Xixi Dai, Minggang Liu, Abdul Khalique, Zhenghua Wang, Yan Zeng, Dongmei Zhang, Xueqin Ni, Dong Zeng, Bo Jing, Kangcheng Pan
Summary: The recombinant Bacillus subtilis RB showed strong immune responses in a mouse model, indicating its potential as a new strategy for the development of novel and safe PCV2 mucosal subunit vaccines.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Wen Zhang, Zhendong Fu, Hongyan Yin, Qingbing Han, Wenhui Fan, Fangkun Wang, Yingli Shang
Summary: PCV2 infection skews macrophages towards M1 status by reprogramming the expression of M1 and M2 associated genes. This skewing is regulated by activation of NF-κB and JNK signaling pathways for M1-associated genes and suppression of M2-associated genes through inhibition of JMJD3 expression. This modulation by PCV2 contributes to bacterial coinfection and viral pathogenesis.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Spectroscopy
Izabel C. V. P. Gogone, Glaucia H. Ferreira, Danielle Gava, Rejane Schaefer, Fabiola F. de Paula-Lopes, Raquel de A. Rocha, Flavia R. O. de Barros
Summary: The study evaluated Raman spectroscopy as a diagnostic tool for porcine parvovirus and porcine circovirus type 2, demonstrating its ability to effectively discriminate virus-infected cells and providing promising bases for future diagnostic applications.
SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Meggan Bandrick, Monica Balasch, Andrea Heinz, Lucas Taylor, Vickie King, Jeri Toepfer, Dennis Foss
Summary: Recent studies suggest that PCV2 vaccine-induced protection is more effective when the vaccine and challenge are closely matched. Designing a bivalent vaccine can increase the epitope breadth of the vaccine. The results demonstrate that the bivalent vaccine shows superior efficacy compared to monovalent vaccines in both homologous and heterologous challenges.
VETERINARY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Xifeng Hu, Zheng Chen, Yu Li, Zhen Ding, Qinghua Zeng, Tong Wan, Huansheng Wu
Summary: An epidemiological investigation in Jiangxi province, China, found that wild boar were exposed to porcine circoviruses (PCVs) including PCV2. The prevalence of PCVs, especially PCV2, highlights the need for preventing contact between livestock and wild boar to reduce the risk of PCV infection. PCV infections are associated with several disorders that have a significant negative economic impact on pig production.
Article
Virology
Phat Xuan Dinh, Minh Nam Nguyen, Hien The Nguyen, Vu Hoang Tran, Quy Dinh Tran, Kim Hoang Dang, Dai Tan Vo, Hien Thanh Le, Nam Thi Thu Nguyen, Toan Tat Nguyen, Duy Tien Do
Summary: This study investigated the genetic diversity of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) and its coinfecting pathogens in pigs with respiratory disease in Vietnam. The predominant genotype of PCV2 was identified to be PCV2d in southern provinces of Vietnam. The study also provided a comprehensive overview of the coinfecting pathogens associated with PCV2 in young pigs with respiratory disease.
ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Albert Ruiz, Viviane Saporiti, Eva Huerta, Monica Balasch, Joaquim Segales, Marina Sibila
Summary: The study revealed a higher frequency of PCV-3 DNA detection in pig fetuses from late gestational periods and showed a wide distribution of the virus in different tissue types.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Martin Sachse, Raquel Tenorio, Isabel Fernandez de Castro, Jordana Munoz-Basagoiti, Daniel Perez-Zsolt, Dalia Raich-Regu, Jordi Rodon, Alejandro Losada, Pablo Avil, Carmen Cuevas, Roger Paredes, Joaquim Segales, Bonaventura Clotet, Julia Vergara-Alert, Nuria Izquierdo-Useros, Cristina Risco
Summary: The need for broad-spectrum, efficient antiviral treatments to combat emerging and re-emerging viruses has been highlighted by the COVID-19 pandemic. This study demonstrates that Plitidepsin, an antitumor agent, can effectively inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection by disrupting the replication and morphogenesis of the virus.
ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Elena Blazquez, Joan Pujols, Joaquim Segales, Carmen Rodriguez, Joy Campbell, Louis Russell, Javier Polo
Summary: This survey estimated the incidence and level of potential viral contamination in commercially collected porcine plasma. The study found that the estimated viral level in the samples was relatively low, and there were variations in the incidence among different regions.
Article
Microbiology
Ferran Tarres-Freixas, Benjamin Trinite, Anna Pons-Grifols, Miguel Romero-Durana, Eva Riveira-Munoz, Carlos avila-Nieto, Monica Perez, Edurne Garcia-Vidal, Daniel Perez-Zsolt, Jordana Munoz-Basagoiti, Dalia Raich-Regue, Nuria Izquierdo-Useros, Cristina Andres, Andres Anton, Tomas Pumarola, Ignacio Blanco, Marc Noguera-Julian, Victor Guallar, Rosalba Lepore, Alfonso Valencia, Victor Urrea, Julia Vergara-Alert, Bonaventura Clotet, Ester Ballana, Jorge Carrillo, Joaquim Segales, Julia Blanco
Summary: The study found that the emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants show heterogeneous infectivity and pathogenesis in mice models, with B.1.351/Beta variant being the most pathogenic and BA.1.1/Omicron leading to lower viral RNA levels.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Veterinary Sciences
Nuria Martinez-Boixaderas, Laura Garza-Moreno, Marina Sibila, Joaquim Segales
Summary: Maternal derived immunity (MDI) transferred from sows to piglets could potentially interfere with the development of an active immune response. However, the existing published literature does not provide conclusive evidence of interference regarding performance parameters.
PORCINE HEALTH MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Patricia Pleguezuelos, Marina Sibila, Raul Cuadrado-Matias, Rosa Lopez-Jimenez, Diego Perez, Eva Huerta, Monica Perez, Florencia Correa-Fiz, Jose Carlos Mancera-Gracia, Lucas P. Taylor, Stasia Borowski, Gillian Saunders, Joaquim Segales, Sergio Lopez-Soria, Monica Balasch
Summary: Four preclinical and clinical studies were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of a new trivalent vaccine against Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV-2) infection. The results showed that the vaccinated pigs had a significant reduction in PCV-2 viraemia and faecal excretion, as well as lower histopathological lymphoid lesions and PCV-2 immunohistochemistry scores compared to non-vaccinated pigs.
Article
Virology
Alvaro Lopez-Valinas, Laura Baioni, Lorena Cordoba, Ayub Darji, Chiara Chiapponi, Joaquim Segales, Llilianne Ganges, Jose Nunez
Summary: Swine influenza viruses (SIV) cause a highly contagious disease that can lead to economic losses in the pig industry. Vaccination is commonly used to control SIV, but the presence of pre-existing immunity may affect the virus's evolutionary dynamics. This study analyzed the genomic variations in vaccinated and nonvaccinated pigs after a natural infection to understand the adaptability of SIV.
Article
Immunology
Li Yanli, Ivan Diaz, Gerard Martin-Valls, Niklas Beyersdorf, Enric Mateu
Summary: This study investigated the role of cytotoxic lymphocytes in preventing transplacental infection of PRRSV-1 in vaccinated sows, and found that the health status of the piglets was associated with the immune response of these cells.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Gerard E. Martin-Valls, Marti Cortey, Alberto Allepuz, Francesc Illas, Montserrat Tello, Enric Mateu
Summary: A strain of enhanced virulence PRRSV entered a production system in Spain and quickly spread, leading to significant impacts on health and production. Multiple clades of this strain were detected, with high diversification rates, indicating fast spread and adaptation. The impact on affected farms was severe, taking several months to recover to pre-outbreak levels.
PORCINE HEALTH MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Hepzibar Clilverd, Gerard Martin-Valls, Yanli Li, Marga Martin, Marti Cortey, Enric Mateu
Summary: The study aimed to describe the infection dynamics, transmission, and evolution of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) after an outbreak in a vaccinated farm. The results showed that the incidence of infection varied among different batches of piglets, with the highest cumulative incidence observed in Batch 1. Higher viral genetic diversity was observed in the initial outbreak, while a selection process led to the emergence of a distinguishable variant in Batch 3. The study also identified the presence of super-spreaders and the role of unresponsive sows in transmission.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Elena Blazquez, Joan Pujols, Fernando Rodriguez, Joaquim Segales, Rosa Rosell, Joy Campbell, Javier Polo
Summary: The potential benefits of feeding spray-dried porcine plasma (SDPP) to pigs infected with African swine fever virus (ASFV) were evaluated in this study. Contact exposed pigs fed SDPP had delayed ASFV transmission and reduced virus load compared to conventionally fed pigs. This may be due to enhanced specific T-cell priming after the first ASFV-exposure.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Alex Cobos, Albert Ruiz, Monica Perez, Anna Llorens, Eva Huerta, Florencia Correa-Fiz, Robert Lohse, Monica Balasch, Joaquim Segales, Marina Sibila
Summary: This study provides the first description of PCV-3 experimental infection in pregnant gilts, showing transplacental infection, histological lesions in piglets mimicking those of natural disease, and lower body weight in piglets with vascular lesions at weaning age.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
E. Ruiz-Riera, E. Vidal, A. Canturri, A. Lehmbecker, M. Cuvertoret, C. Lopez-Figueroa, W. Baumgaertner, M. Domingo, J. Segales
Summary: This study describes a new pathological condition in pigs, characterized by wasting and vacuolization of the brain. The affected and healthy pigs from eight farms were investigated, and the most consistent lesion observed was neuropil vacuolization in the forebrain. Supplementation with nutritional complexes improved the condition, suggesting a metabolic origin.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Nigeer Te, Jordi Rodon, Rhea Creve, Monica Perez, Joaquim Segales, Jolia Vergara-Alert, Albert Bensaid
Summary: In this study, an ex vivo alpaca tracheal explant (ATE) model was established to investigate MERS-CoV infection in the lower respiratory tract of camelids. The results showed that ATE can be infected by MERS-CoV, and the expression of interferons (IFNs) and antiviral ISGs observed in vivo may be a consequence of the IFN induction occurring in the nasal mucosa.
VETERINARY RESEARCH
(2022)
Correction
Immunology
Daniel Perez-Zsolt, Jordana Munoz-Basagoiti, Jordi Rodon, Marc Elosua-Bayes, Dalia Raich-Regue, Cristina Risco, Martin Sachse, Maria Pino, Sanjeev Gumber, Mirko Paiardini, Jakub Chojnacki, Itziar Erkizia, Xabier Muniz-Trabudua, Ester Ballana, Eva Riveira-Munoz, Marc Noguera-Julian, Roger Paredes, Benjamin Trinite, Ferran Tarres-Freixas, Ignacio Blanco, Victor Guallar, Jorge Carrillo, Julia Blanco, Amalio Telenti, Holger Heyn, Joaquim Segales, Bonaventura Clotet, Javier Martinez-Picado, Julia Vergara-Alert, Nuria Izquierdo-Useros
CELLULAR & MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
