Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Antoine Gessain, Emmanuel Nakoune, Yazdan Yazdanpanah
Summary: The article reviews the virology, epidemiology, clinical features, and treatment of monkeypox, and discusses the reported cases in the United Kingdom, Portugal, and Italy in May 2022, which led to the declaration of a global health emergency by the WHO.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Hussain Haider Shah, Muhammad Khizer Molani, Naqiha Shabbir
Summary: Monkeypox is a zoonotic virus with a similar clinical appearance to smallpox. Its symptoms include fever, headache, muscle aches, and lymphadenopathy. Monkeypox can be transmitted through infected animals, direct contact, respiratory droplets, and contaminated clothing.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Review
Virology
Qizan Gong, Changle Wang, Xia Chuai, Sandra Chiu
Summary: This review summarizes the features, transmission pathways, pathogenicity, laboratory diagnosis, and prevention and treatment strategies of human monkeypox. By understanding this information, it provides basic knowledge for the prevention and control of future outbreaks of monkeypox.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Luca M. Zaeck, Mart M. Lamers, Babs E. Verstrepen, Theo M. Bestebroer, Martin E. van Royen, Hannelore Gotz, Marc C. Shamier, Leanne P. M. van Leeuwen, Katharina S. Schmitz, Kimberley Alblas, Suzanne van Efferen, Susanne Bogers, Sandra Scherbeijn, Guus F. Rimmelzwaan, Eric C. M. van Gorp, Marion P. G. Koopmans, Bart L. Haagmans, Corine H. GeurtsvanKessel, Rory D. de Vries
Summary: In July 2022, the monkeypox outbreak was declared an international public health emergency. Historic smallpox vaccination and monkeypox virus infection can generate MPXV-neutralizing antibodies, but vaccination with MVA-BN results in lower levels of these antibodies. Further studies are needed to assess the efficacy of the MVA-BN vaccine in at-risk populations.
Article
Immunology
Axel T. Lehrer, Eleanore Chuang, Madhuri Namekar, Caitlin A. Williams, Teri Ann S. Wong, Michael M. Lieberman, Alex Granados, John Misamore, Jake Yalley-Ogunro, Hanne Andersen, Joan B. Geisbert, Krystle N. Agans, Robert W. Cross, Thomas W. Geisbert
Summary: The recombinant subunit vaccine platform shows potential in preventing Ebola, Marburg, and Sudan Virus Disease, with candidate vaccines eliciting potent immune responses in animal studies and providing effective protection against lethal virus infection.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Chiranjib Chakraborty, Manojit Bhattacharya, Ashish Ranjan Sharma, Kuldeep Dhama
Summary: Research has shown that smallpox vaccines can be used to prevent monkeypox, and this article discusses the importance of vaccines and vaccinations against monkeypox, while exploring potential models for the eradication of MPX in middle to low-economic countries.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Narendar Kumar, Fatima Ahmed, Muhammad Sauban Raza, Pushp Lata Rajpoot, Wajiha Rehman, Shoaib Alam Khatri, Mustapha Mohammed, Shaib Muhammad, Rabbiya Ahmad
Summary: This study aimed to explore knowledge, attitude, perceptions, and willingness regarding vaccination among university students in Pakistan. The majority of the respondents had average knowledge and neutral attitudes towards monkeypox. The study revealed a significant association between knowledge of monkeypox and the type of academic degree, study discipline, and region of respondents. The findings emphasize the need to raise public awareness and educate students on monkeypox virus to improve adherence to preventative recommendations.
Article
Virology
Eric M. Mucker, Josh D. Shamblin, Arthur J. Goff, Todd M. Bell, Christopher Reed, Nancy A. Twenhafel, Jennifer Chapman, Marc Mattix, Derron Alves, Robert F. Garry, Lisa E. Hensley
Summary: The 2022 global human monkeypox outbreak highlights the significance of researching poxviruses and understanding animal models for developing therapeutics and vaccines. This study addressed the criticism of the macaque model, specifically the requirement for a high titer virus administration, and improved understanding of monkeypox virus pathogenesis. The researchers found that inherent factors in nonhuman primate serum affect the stability of extracellular virions.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wahiba Ezzemani, Ahd Ouladlahsen, Haya Altawalah, Rachid Saile, M'hammed Sarih, Anass Kettani, Sayeh Ezzikouri
Summary: The researchers used in silico structural biology and advanced immunoinformatics to design a multi-epitope subunit vaccine against monkeypox virus (MPV) infection. The modified vaccine showed strong interaction with Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) and demonstrated stability through molecular dynamics simulation and normal mode analysis. While additional in vitro and in vivo studies are needed, the promising data suggest the effectiveness of this vaccine against MPV.
JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR STRUCTURE & DYNAMICS
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
John G. Rizk, Giuseppe Lippi, Brandon M. Henry, Donald N. Forthal, Youssef Rizk
Summary: Human monkeypox is a zoonotic disease similar to smallpox. It can be transmitted through contact with infected animals, direct contact, respiratory droplets, and contaminated objects. Various medical countermeasures, including vaccines and antiviral drugs, are available for the treatment of monkeypox.
Article
Virology
Poonsook Keelapang, Chutitorn Ketloy, Chunya Puttikhunt, Rungtawan Sriburi, Eakachai Prompetchara, Malinee Sae-Lim, Bunpote Siridechadilok, Thaneeya Duangchinda, Sansanee Noisakran, Nicha Charoensri, Prapat Suriyaphol, Piyanan Suparattanagool, Utaiwan Utaipat, Promsin Masrinoul, Panisadee Avirutnan, Juthathip Mongkolsapaya, Gavin Screaton, Prasert Auewarakul, Suchinda Malaivijitnond, Sutee Yoksan, Prida Malasit, Kiat Ruxrungtham, Rojjanaporn Pulmanausahakul, Nopporn Sittisombut
Summary: This study investigated the induction of protective antibody responses against dengue virus infection in a non-human primate model using a heterologous prime-boost vaccination approach. The results showed that all macaques had elevated levels of neutralizing antibodies after 1 month of immunization, and the overall protective efficacy against clinical isolates reached 91%.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Pediatrics
Tanu Singhal, S. K. Kabra, Rakesh Lodha
Summary: Monkeypox is a contagious disease caused by a pox virus closely related to smallpox virus. It has been largely ignored by the global scientific community until this year when a significant increase in cases has been reported from nonendemic countries. The World Health Organization has now declared monkeypox as a public health emergency of international concern.
INDIAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Marumi Ohno, Masataka Sagata, Toshiki Sekiya, Naoki Nomura, Masashi Shingai, Masafumi Endo, Kazuhiko Kimachi, Saori Suzuki, Cong Thanh Nguyen, Misako Nakayama, Hirohito Ishigaki, Kazumasa Ogasawara, Yasushi Itoh, Yoichiro Kino, Hiroshi Kida
Summary: Among inactivated influenza vaccines, whole virus particle vaccine (WPV) shows better ability in inducing humoral and cellular immunity compared to split virus vaccine (SV). However, there are concerns about the potential adverse reactions, such as fever, caused by WPV due to its strong immunogenicity. This study investigated the febrile response induced by subcutaneous injection with quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccines in cynomolgus macaques and found that WPV caused an increase in body temperature at the first vaccination but not at the second shot, while SV did not affect body temperature at both points.
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rafael Borges Rosa, Emilene Ferreira de Castro, Murilo Vieira da Silva, Denise Caroline Paiva Ferreira, Ana Carolina Gomes Jardim, Igor Andrade Santos, Mikaela dos Santos Marinho, Flavia Batista Ferreira Franca, Lindomar Jose Pena
Summary: The emergence and rapid spread of monkeypox virus (MPXV) outside of endemic areas during the COVID-19 pandemic has created a global health emergency. Scientists have been working on developing in vitro and in vivo models for MPXV research. In vitro models, including 2D and 3D cultures, are cost-effective and can be controlled, but may not fully represent physiological conditions. Therefore, in vivo models are being characterized to meet the demand for studying MPXV. This review summarizes the existing MPXV models and discusses their contributions to understanding pathogenesis, replication, transmission, and antiviral treatment.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Oriol Mitja, Dimie Ogoina, Boghuma K. Titanji, Cristina Galvan, Jean-Jacques Muyembe, Michael Marks, Chloe M. Orkin
Summary: Monkeypox is a zoonotic illness caused by the monkeypox virus, mainly found in west and central Africa. In 2022, it became a Public Health Emergency of International Concern due to its unprecedented global spread outside Africa. The disease primarily spreads through close intimate contact, with most cases diagnosed among men who have sex with men.
Article
Infectious Diseases
D. Gray Heppner, Tracy L. Kemp, Brian K. Martin, William J. Ramsey, Richard Nichols, Emily J. Dasen, Charles J. Link, Rituparna Das, Zhi Jin Xu, Eric A. Sheldon, Teresa A. Nowak, Thomas P. Monath
LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2017)
Article
Immunology
Beth-Ann G. Coller, Jeffrey Blue, Rituparna Das, Sheri Dubey, Lynn Finelli, Swati Gupta, Frans Helmond, Rebecca J. Grant-Klein, Kenneth Liu, Jakub Simon, Sean Troth, Susan VanRheenen, Julie Waterbury, Ashley Wivel, Jayanthi Wolf, D. Gray Heppner, Tracy Kemp, Rick Nichols, Thomas P. Monath
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Richard N. Greenberg, Yadira Hurley, Dinh V. Dinh, Serena Mraz, Javier Gomez Vera, Dorothea von Bredow, Alfred von Krempelhuber, Siegfried Roesch, Garth Virgin, Nathaly Arndtz-Wiedemann, Thomas Peter Meyer, Darja Schmidt, Richard Nichols, Philip Young, Paul Chaplin
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Richard N. Greenberg, Christine M. Hay, Jack T. Stapleton, Thomas C. Marbury, Eva Wagner, Eva Kreitmeir, Siegfried Roeesch, Alfred von Krempelhuber, Philip Young, Richard Nichols, Thomas P. Meyer, Darja Schmidt, Josef Weigl, Garth Virgin, Nathaly Arndtz-Wiedemann, Paul Chaplin
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
TP Monath, J Liu, N Kanesa-Thasan, GA Myers, R Nichols, A Deary, K McCarthy, C Johnson, T Ermak, S Shin, J Arroyo, F Guirakhoo, JS Kennedy, FA Ennis, S Green, P Bedford
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2006)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Farshad Guirakhoo, Scott Kitchener, Dennis Morrison, Remi Forrat, Karen McCarthy, Richard Nichols, Sutee Yoksan, Xiaochu Duan, Thomas H. Ermak, Niranjian Kanesa-Thasan, Philip Bedford, Jean Lang, Marie-Jose Quentin-Millet, Thomas P. Monath
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Thomas P. Monath, Martin S. Cetron, Karen McCarthy, Richard Nichols, W. Tad Archambault, Leisa Weld, Philip Bedford
Article
Immunology
AW Artenstein, C Johnson, TC Marbury, D Morrison, PS Blum, T Kemp, R Nichols, JP Balser, M Currie, TP Monath
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
VE Belmusto-Worn, JL Sanchez, K McCarthy, R Nichols, CT Bautista, AJ Magill, G Pastor-Cauna, C Echevarria, VA Laguna-Torres, BK Samame, ME Baldeon, JP Burans, JG Olson, P Bedford, S Kitchener, TP Monath
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
(2005)
Article
Infectious Diseases
TP Monath, JR Caldwell, W Mundt, J Fusco, CS Johnson, M Buller, L Jian, B Gardner, G Downing, PS Blum, T Kemp, R Nichols, R Weltzin
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2004)
Article
Virology
F Guirakhoo, Z Zhang, G Myers, BW Johnson, K Pugachev, R Nichols, N Brown, I Levenbook, K Draper, S Cyrek, J Lang, C Fournier, B Barrere, S Delagrave, TP Monath
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2004)
Article
Virology
F Guirakhoo, K Pugachev, Z Zhang, G Myers, I Levenbook, K Draper, J Lang, S Ocran, F Mitchell, M Parsons, N Brown, S Brandler, C Fournier, B Barrere, F Rizvi, A Travassos, R Nichols, D Trent, T Monath
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2004)
Article
Immunology
TP Monath, F Guirakhoo, R Nichols, S Yoksan, R Schrader, C Murphy, P Blum, S Woodward, K McCarthy, D Mathis, C Johnson, P Bedford
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2003)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Casey Johnson, Thomas P. Monath, Niranjan Kanesa-Thasan, Danell Mathis, Chuck Miller, Seth Shapiro, Richard Nichols, Karen McCarthy, Alison Deary, Philip Bedford