Review
Physiology
R. Todd Alexander, Henrik Dimke
Summary: Central to the maintenance of calcium homeostasis is the regulated reabsorption of calcium along the nephron. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) acts through the PTH 1 receptor along the nephron to increase urinary phosphate excretion and decrease urinary calcium excretion. PTH inhibits phosphate reabsorption in the proximal tubule, decreases calcium reabsorption in the proximal tubule and increases calcium permeability in the thick ascending limb, and increases transcellular calcium reabsorption in the distal convolution.
Article
Physiology
Armin Just, Robert T. Mallmann, Sonja Grossmann, Faten Sleman, Norbert Klugbauer
Summary: Two-pore channels (TPCs) are a type of cation channels found in endo-lysosomal compartments. They are important for regulating Ca2+-mediated vesicular membrane fusion and endo-lysosomal vesicle trafficking. This study investigated the localization of TPC1 in the kidney and its role in the dynamic regulation of tubular transport.
Article
Pediatrics
Amish Chinoy, Mohammed Zulf Mughal, Raja Padidela
Summary: The study identified different emphasis placed by neonatologists and endocrinologists on various screening, diagnostic, and monitoring investigations for MBDP in the UK. Neonatologists focused more on serum phosphate and alkaline phosphatase levels, while endocrinologists placed greater importance on plasma parathyroid hormone levels.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Yi Wang, Zhuowen Hao, Yufeng Zhang, Yingkun Hu, Tianhong Chen, Feifei Yan, Minhao Wu, Chong Zhang, Renxin Chen, Beihai Li, Xinxin Wu, Hanke Li, Qixin Zheng, Xiaodong Guo, Guohui Liu, Zhenwei Zou, Jingfeng Li, Lin Cai
Summary: Bone regeneration requires the interaction of multiple factors, including osteogenesis, osteolysis, angiogenesis, and an appropriate immune microenvironment. Recombinant human parathyroid hormone (PTH1-34) has been proven effective for clinical treatment of osteoporosis. However, its use in local bone repair is limited due to net bone resorption. This study proposes a strategy using multifunctional calcium phosphate (CaP) ceramics to modulate the effects of M1 macrophages and promote bone regeneration. The functionalization of the CaP ceramic scaffold with parathyroid hormone related peptide-1 (PTHrP-1) improves the osteogenic microenvironment, retains osteogenic and angiogenic properties, and achieves slow release of PTHrP-1. The results show that PTHrP-1-TBC is more suitable for bone regeneration than the unmodified peptide or the TBC scaffold alone.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sofia Ish-Shalom, Yoseph Caraco, Nariman Saba Khazen, Michal Gershinsky, Auryan Szalat, Phillip Schwartz, Ehud Arbit, Hillel Galitzer, Jonathan C. Y. Tang, Gregory Burshtein, Ariel Rothner, Arthur Raskin, Miriam Blum, William D. Fraser
Summary: Oral hPTH(1-34) treatment as an adjunct to standard therapy in adult patients with hypoparathyroidism was found to be safe and effective, allowing for a reduction in exogenous calcium supplementation while maintaining normocalcemia.
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ramy M. Hanna, Rebecca S. Ahdoot, Kamyar Kalantar-Zadeh, Lena Ghobry, Ira Kurtz
Summary: Calcium is an essential ion involved in various physiological processes, and the kidney plays a crucial role in maintaining whole-body calcium balance. Dysregulation of calcium handling can lead to several diseases.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Hyo-Jung Lee, Ju-Young Choi, Jaeho Lee, Donghoon Kim, Jin-Young Min, Kyoung-Bok Min
Summary: This study revealed a negative association between serum uric acid and serum klotho levels, indicating that an increase in uric acid levels is associated with a decrease in klotho levels.
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Miho Murashima, Naohiko Fujii, Shunsuke Goto, Takeshi Hasegawa, Masanori Abe, Norio Hanafusa, Masafumi Fukagawa, Takayuki Hamano
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the associations between calcium, phosphate, and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) levels and outcomes in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. The results showed that higher levels of calcium and phosphate were associated with higher mortality, while lower levels of calcium and phosphate were associated with faster decline in urine output and lower incidence of transition to hemodialysis.
CLINICAL KIDNEY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Guido Zavatta, Peter J. Tebben, Cynthia H. McCollough, Lifeng Yu, Thomas Vrieze, Bart L. Clarke
Summary: Basal ganglia calcification is more common in chronic hypoparathyroidism patients, especially in nonsurgical patients with lower serum calcium and calcium/phosphate ratio.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shreya T. Mukherji, Luca Brambilla, Kailey B. Stuart, Isabella Mayes, Laura C. Kutz, Yiliang Chen, Leandro A. Barbosa, Ibrahim Elmadbouh, Jeff P. McDermott, Steven T. Haller, Michael F. Romero, Manoocher Soleimani, Jiang Liu, Joseph I. Shapiro, Gustavo V. Blanco, Zijian Xie, Sandrine V. Pierre
Summary: Through ATP-dependent ion pumping, basolateral Na/K-ATPase (NKA) generates a Na+ gradient that drives apical Na+ reabsorption in the renal proximal tubule (RPT), while NKA signaling function triggers cellular redistribution and decreases Na+ reabsorption. Knockdown of RPT NKA leads to increased membrane NHE3 and NBCe1A, resulting in decreased urine output and Na+ excretion, elevated blood pressure, and increased RPT Na+ reabsorption. NKA signaling plays an important role in regulating Na+ reabsorption in RPT, functioning dominantly over NKA ion pumping.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Federico Nicoli, Giorgia Dito, Gregorio Guabello, Matteo Longhi, Sabrina Corbetta
Summary: Hypercalciuria in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis may lead to kidney stones and various degrees of impaired parathyroid hormone secretion. Thiazide diuretics efficiently reduce urine calcium excretion, contributing to an increase in bone mineral density.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Hao Liu, Qi Sun, Zheng Ding, Wensen Shi, Wen-Hui Wang, Chengbiao Zhang
Summary: This study found that adenosine activates the basolateral K+ channels in the proximal tubules of mice through adenosine A1 receptor, and the mechanism of action is mediated by the PLC-PKC signaling pathway.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Ann Vissing Landgrebe, Morten Asp Vonsild Lund, Ulrik Lausten-Thomsen, Christine Frithioff-Bojsoe, Cilius Esmann Fonvig, Johanne Lind Plesner, Louise Aas Holm, Thomas Jespersen, Torben Hansen, Jens Christian Holm
Summary: Concentrations of PTH, vitamin D, calcium, and phosphate in children and adolescents vary with age, sex, and season, which should be taken into consideration when screening for and treating imbalances in bone metabolism.
CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kenneth R. Phelps, Darren E. Gemoets, Peter M. May
Summary: Secondary hyperparathyroidism is a complication of chronic kidney disease, and its occurrence is related to changes in phosphate concentration. This study analyzed experimental data and found that as [P](DCT) increases, [Ca++](DCT) decreases, resulting in an increase in [PTH], supporting the tradeoff-in-the-nephron hypothesis. These findings have important implications for the treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lukas Ochsner Ridder, Torben Harslof, Tanja Sikjaer, Line Underbjerg, Lars Rejnmark
Summary: Hypercalciuria, impaired kidney function, and renal calcifications are common in hypoparathyroidism. Urinary calcium levels are influenced by various physiological factors, but in this study, high urinary calcium levels did not significantly explain renal impairment or kidney calcifications.
CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)