Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Hashem Etayash, Robert E. W. Hancock
Summary: Amphiphilic antimicrobial polymers and surface engineered polymeric-brush-tethered HDP are promising strategies that aim to overcome limitations of HDPs, enhance physicochemical properties and therapeutic performance, and address unmet therapeutic needs.
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Di Wu, Linglong Fu, Weizhang Wen, Na Dong
Summary: Host defense peptides (HDPs) are small molecules with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities and can indirectly protect hosts by modulating immune responses. They are considered a promising antibiotic substitute in animal production for improving growth performance, intestinal health, and immunity.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Ramon Roca-Pinilla, Leszek Lisowski, Anna Aris, Elena Garcia-Fruitos
Summary: Host defense peptides (HDPs) are small proteins with potent antibacterial and immunomodulatory activities, suitable for clinical applications. Traditional methods of producing antimicrobial peptides are expensive and toxic, making recombinant production of HDPs an alternative. This review explores different strategies for optimizing HDPs, including fine-tuning their activities, bioengineering, and recombinant production in various cell factories.
MICROBIAL CELL FACTORIES
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Tamara Fedorovna Solov'eva, Svetlana Ivanovna Bakholdina, Gennadii Alexandrovich Naberezhnykh
Summary: This article summarizes the potential of LPS-binding proteins from marine invertebrates as drugs for sepsis treatment. The structure, properties, and activity of these proteins, as well as the potential problems in clinical trials are discussed in detail.
Review
Virology
Mahe Jabeen, Payel Biswas, Md Touhidul Islam, Rajesh Paul
Summary: The transmission of pathogens through contact with contaminated surfaces is a significant route for the spread of infections, including the recent outbreak of COVID-19. Disinfection and sanitization are commonly used methods, but they have limitations such as antibiotic resistance and viral mutation. Peptides have been studied as a potential alternative due to their ability to interact with microorganisms and their applications in drug delivery and immunomodulation. This study focuses on antiviral coating strategies and their applications in personal protective equipment, healthcare devices, textiles, and public surfaces.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Ruichang Gao, Qingqing Yu, Yang Shen, Qian Chu, Ge Chen, Siyu Fen, Mingxuan Yang, Li Yuan, David Julian McClements, Quancai Sun
Summary: This article discusses the methods of producing bioactive protein hydrolysates and peptides from underutilized fish protein by-products, as well as the various biological activities they possess. Further research is needed to develop large-scale commercially viable extraction and purification methods, establish structure-function relationships for peptides, and conduct human studies on peptide bioactivity.
TRENDS IN FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Polymer Science
Yueming Wu, Kang Chen, Jiangzhou Wang, Minzhang Chen, Yuan Chen, Yunrui She, Zi Yan, Runhui Liu
Summary: Microbial infections pose a threat to human health and life. Conventional antibiotics are challenged by the emergence of antibiotic-resistant pathogens, necessitating the development of new antimicrobial agents. Host defense peptides (HDPs) have been actively studied as promising antimicrobial agents due to their broad-spectrum activity and low susceptibility to resistance. However, natural HDPs are structurally unstable, leading to the exploration of HDP-mimicking peptides and amino acid polymers as synthetic antimicrobials. This review provides an overview of the design and applications of HDP-mimicking antimicrobial amino acid polymers, highlighting key structural characteristics.
PROGRESS IN POLYMER SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Matthew Drayton, Julia P. Deisinger, Kevin C. Ludwig, Nigare Raheem, Anna Mueller, Tanja Schneider, Suzana K. Straus
Summary: The rapid rise of multidrug-resistant bacteria has raised concerns about the effectiveness of traditional antibiotics. Antimicrobial peptides, with their diverse mechanisms of actions, offer a promising solution to combat these pathogens. This review discusses the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance and the potential of antimicrobial peptides in providing a more robust treatment of bacterial infections.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Aetas Amponnawarat, Chalatip Chompunud Na Ayudhya, Hydar Ali
Summary: Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections are difficult to treat due to biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance, but a lipidated HDP mimetic called murepavadin has shown antibacterial activity against multi-drug-resistant strains. Murepavadin activates human MCs via MRGPRX2 and murine MCs via MrgprB2, potentially contributing to bacterial clearance and wound healing.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Agronomy
Fernando Lobo, Alicia Boto
Summary: Host-defense peptides (HDP) are emerging as promising phytosanitaries due to their potency, low toxicity, and low induction of antimicrobial resistance. They are natural compounds that have been used by animals and plants for millions of years to defend against pathogens. HDPs are being discovered through genome mining and produced using biofactories. Truncated or modified peptides have been developed to improve their bioactivities and reduce production costs. The combination of HDP and other antimicrobials, as well as the development of hybrid molecules, has shown promising results. However, cautionary measures need to be taken for the sustainable use of HDPs.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Suemin Lee, Bethany R. Schefter, Sattar Taheri-Araghi, Bae-Yeun Ha
Summary: In this study, a biophysical model was used to quantitatively demonstrate the dependence of antimicrobial peptide (AMP) selectivity on the presence and density of host cells and peptide trapping in a mixture of bacteria and host cells. The results showed that the selectivity increases with increasing host-cell density, but decreases with bacterial cell density. The model also clarified the difference between cell selectivity and membrane selectivity of AMPs.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yuxin Qian, Shuai Deng, Zihao Cong, Haodong Zhang, Ziyi Lu, Ning Shao, Sonia Abid Bhatti, Cong Zhou, Jiagao Cheng, Samuel H. Gellman, Runhui Liu
Summary: Recent interest in developing antibacterial polymers as synthetic mimics of host defense peptides (HDPs) has focused on incorporating positively charged moieties to improve antibacterial activity and reduce eukaryotic toxicity. This study found that a secondary ammonium is superior to primary or tertiary ammoniums in antibacterial beta-peptide polymers, showing potent antibacterial activity and high selectivity. The optimal polymer displayed strong activity against antibiotic-resistant bacteria and showed high therapeutic efficacy with low toxicity.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Letter
Oncology
Shrikant B. Mali
Summary: In-depth transcriptomic and proteomic analyses are crucial for understanding normal and pathological biology. Next-generation sequencing technology (NGS) is used for assessing gene expression, but there is a lack of methods to scale up protein abundance. This poses a major obstacle to single-cell proteomics, as protein expression determines cell state. Single-cell proteomics is a promising field that provides direct and comprehensive insights into cellular functions without averaging effects. However, protein adsorption loss (PAL) has been a technical challenge, and current mitigations have not been specific to individual proteins.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Wu-Bin Shao, Rong-Shuang Luo, Jiao Meng, Xiao-Kang Lv, Hong-Mei Xiang, Wan-Lin Xiao, Xiang Zhou, Li-Wei Liu, Zhi-Bing Wu, Song Yang
Summary: Phenothiazine derivatives showed excellent bioactivity against different bacteria and demonstrated potential as pesticide candidates for plant diseases. Compound C-2 had high effectiveness against rice leaf blight, outperforming commonly used pesticides.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Michael R. Yeaman, Liana C. Chan, Nagendra N. Mishra, Arnold S. Bayer
Summary: S. mitis-oralis strains exhibit rapid, high-level and durable resistance to daptomycin, with resistant cells showing significantly higher accumulation of daptomycin than susceptible cells. Both daptomycin and cationic host defense peptides induce cell membrane hyper-polarization in susceptible cells, leading to greater temporal killing compared to resistant cells. However, differences in cell membrane permeabilization, lipid turnover, and regulated cell death did not differentiate between susceptible and resistant phenotypes in this strain pair.