Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tatiana Latychevskaia, Alice Kohli
Summary: A low-dose imaging technique is proposed, where recognition is used instead of recording high-resolution images to verify structural hypotheses. By detecting only a few scattered particles, a structural hypothesis can be confirmed with a probability exceeding 95%. This technique can be applied to optical character recognition and minimizing radiation damage in sensitive materials.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Review
Biology
Ibrahim I. Suliman, Ghada A. Khouqeer, Nada A. Ahmed, Mohamed M. Abuzaid, Abdelmoneim Sulieman
Summary: This study investigated the radiation doses in low-dose chest CT (LDCT) and ultra-low-dose chest CT (ULD) protocols for imaging COVID-19 pneumonia. Compared to standard CT (STD), LDCT and ULD can significantly reduce radiation exposure.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Jin Liu, Yanqin Kang, Jun Qiang, Yong Wang, Dianlin Hu, Yang Chen
Summary: This paper presents a 3D cascaded ResUnet neural network strategy with modified noise power spectrum loss to reduce artifact noise in low-dose CT imaging. The proposed strategy includes filtered backprojection reconstruction, ResUnet neural network, image compensation module, and a second ResUnet neural network for fine-tuning. Verification results confirm that the strategy effectively reduces artifact noise while preserving desired structures.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hongbin Yang, Andrea Konecna, Xianghan Xu, Sang-Wook Cheong, Eric Garfunkel, F. Javier Garcia de Abajo, Philip E. Batson
Summary: This study demonstrates the existence of relatively long-lived plasmons supported by high-mobility charge carriers in La-doped BaSnO3. The properties of infrared localized surface plasmons in BLSO nanoparticles are systematically investigated using electron energy-loss spectroscopy. The results show that LSPs in BLSO exhibit a high degree of spatial confinement compared to noble metals, and have relatively low losses and high quality factors. Further analysis clarifies the relation between plasmon damping and carrier mobility in BLSO.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ryosuke Senga, Yung-Chang Lin, Shigeyuki Morishita, Ryuichi Kato, Takatoshi Yamada, Masataka Hasegawa, Kazu Suenaga
Summary: This study demonstrates the unambiguous isotopic imaging of C-12 carbon atoms in C-13 graphene and the monitoring of their self-diffusion through atomic-level vibrational spectroscopy. The results confirm the high mobility of carbon atoms during growth and annealing via self-diffusion. This imaging technique provides a fundamental methodology for nanoisotope engineering and monitoring.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Luis D. B. Manuel, Vinoin Devpaul Vincely, Carolyn L. Bayer, Kevin M. McPeak
Summary: This study presents a highly reproducible synthesis route to monodisperse sub-100 nm Au nanoshells with an absorption-dominant optical response. Compared to commercially available nanoshells commonly used in nanomedicine, these sub-100 nm nanoshells show improved imaging depth and the potential for low-cost, low-fluence light-emitting diode utilization in photoacoustic imaging.
Article
Polymer Science
Ruchi Pal, Arun K. Sikder, Kei Saito, Alison M. Funston, Jayesh R. Bellare
Summary: Polymer blends are important for both commercial utility and scientific understanding, and the degree of interfacial mixing in these blends influences their mechanical properties. This paper introduces a method using scanning transmission electron microscopy spectrum imaging to calculate the interfacial width in immiscible polymer blends and demonstrates its application using a polycarbonate-polystyrene bilayer sample as an example.
POLYMER INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Christian Kisielowski, Petra Specht, Steven J. Rozeveld, Joo Kang, Alyssa J. Fielitz, David Barton, Anthony C. Salazar, Oscar D. Dubon, Dirk Van Dyck, David F. Yancey
Summary: Technological opportunities in transmission electron microscopy (TEM) are being explored to enhance detection schemes for single-electron scattering events across interdisciplinary applications. At the ultimate detection limit, beam current dominates damage processes in interactions with solids, rather than deposited electron charge. Phonon excitations, although of small energy, occur frequently and scale with beam current, contributing to beam-induced sample alterations and damage.
MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Chengpeng Wu, Yuxiang Xing, Li Zhang, Zhiqiang Chen, Xiaohua Zhu, Xi Zhang, Hewei Gao
Summary: This paper introduces a fluence adaptation mechanism for contrast-based dose optimization in X-ray phase-contrast imaging (XPCI), applicable to GBI and EI systems. Simulation and experimental results validate the effectiveness of the proposed method in reducing dose and improving noise performance.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Dong Sik Kim, Eunae Lee
Summary: This study focuses on the lag signals in flat-panel dynamic detectors, proposing the need to accurately evaluate detector lag through quantitative measurement and introducing the use of lag correction factors. Additionally, the study compares the effectiveness of two different measurement methods.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING
(2021)
Article
Microscopy
Andrzej Zak
Summary: This work explores methods of beam current measurement and proposes an easily fabricated Faraday cup for side-entry transmission electron microscopes. Additionally, a method of calculating electron doses using a digital camera is presented and validated with different microscope setups, particularly useful for estimating small doses used for imaging sensitive samples.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Xiaoyu Liu, Tianzhong Yang, Peilin Lang, Yuan Yao, Xi Shen, Richeng Yu
Summary: Epitaxial CrO2 film was successfully grown on sapphire using CVD method. The interfacial structure and chromium valence distribution were characterized, and the presence of a transition layer was observed.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Idan Biran, Lothar Houben, Haim Weismann, Mariana Hildebrand, Leeor Kronik, Boris Rybtchinski
Summary: This study presents a low-dose focal-series reconstruction methodology for high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) imaging of beam-sensitive organic crystalline materials. The results show the near-atomic resolution imaging of crystal structures, co-existing polymorphs, crystal defects, and individual atoms, providing a transformative tool for structure studies of organic materials.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Microscopy
Magnus Nord, Juri Barthel, Christopher S. Allen, Damien McGrouther, Angus Kirkland, Ian MacLaren
Summary: Higher order Laue zone (HOLZ) rings in high energy electron diffraction exhibit specific structures for individual atom columns, showing varying strengths, structures, and radii. Atomic resolution STEM datasets can be used to investigate the 3D periodicity of crystalline materials effectively, as demonstrated in a perovskite trilayer structure.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Theo Pflug, Markus Olbrich, Jan Winter, Joerg Schille, Udo Loeschner, Heinz Huber, Alexander Horn
Summary: This article reports on the transient relative change of reflectance Delta R/R of stainless steel during and after ultrashort pulsed laser excitation, and the experimental results show that within the first picosecond after irradiation, the spatially resolved Delta R/R of stainless steel evolves into an annular shape with certain regions featuring decreased reflectance. The decreasing trend of Delta R/R is qualitatively supported by applying a two-temperature model.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
(2021)
Article
Toxicology
Stephen J. Evans, Martin J. D. Clift, Neenu Singh, John W. Wills, Nicole Hondow, Thomas S. Wilkinson, Michael J. Burgum, Andy P. Brown, Gareth J. Jenkins, Shareen H. Doak
PARTICLE AND FIBRE TOXICOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Microscopy
Mark S'ari, James Cattle, Nicole Hondow, Rik Brydson, Andy Brown
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jeffrey Paulo H. Perez, Helen M. Freeman, Andy P. Brown, Case M. van Genuchten, Knud Dideriksen, Mark S'ari, Dominique J. Tobler, Liane G. Benning
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Microscopy
M. Ilett, J. Wills, P. Rees, S. Sharma, S. Micklethwaite, A. Brown, R. Brydson, N. Hondow
JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY
(2020)
Article
Microscopy
M. S'ari, N. Koniuch, R. Brydson, N. Hondow, A. Brown
JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Luke J. R. Higgins, Andy P. Brown, John P. Harrington, Andrew B. Ross, Burkhard Kaulich, Bhoopesh Mishra
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Sebastian Riedle, John W. Wills, Michelle Miniter, Don E. Otter, Harjinder Singh, Andy P. Brown, Stuart Micklethwaite, Paul Rees, Ravin Jugdaohsingh, Nicole C. Roy, Rachel E. Hewitt, Jonathan J. Powell
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Martha Ilett, Omar Matar, Faith Bamiduro, Sergio Sanchez-Segado, Rik Brydson, Andy Brown, Nicole Hondow
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Sunjie Ye, Simon D. Connell, James R. McLaughlan, Lucien Roach, Zabeada Aslam, Navadecho Chankhunthod, Andy P. Brown, Rik Brydson, Richard J. Bushby, Kevin Critchley, P. Louise Coletta, Alexander F. Markham, Stephen D. Evans
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2020)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Thomas Brown, Andy P. Brown, David A. Hall, Thomas E. Hooper, Yizhe Li, Stuart Micklethwaite, Zabeada Aslam, Steven J. Milne
Summary: The study presents ceramics with high relative permittivity over a wide temperature range, designed for base metal electrode multilayer capacitor manufacturing processes. A potential Class II capacitor material free from Bi or Pb ions has been developed by doping Sr2NaNb5O15 with Ca2+, Y3+, and Zr4+ ions. The materials exhibit stable dielectric properties at high temperatures.
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pratibha L. Gai, Edward D. Boyes, Rik Brydson, Richard Catlow
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES
(2020)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Mark S'ari, Helen Blade, Stephen Cosgrove, Rik Drummond-Brydson, Nicole Hondow, Leslie P. Hughes, Andy Brown
Summary: Amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) are used to enhance the solubility of oral medications by stabilizing the amorphous phase of the active pharmaceutical ingredient with a suitable polymer, with low levels of crystallinity potentially affecting drug dissolution properties. Traditional characterization techniques have detection limits, while transmission electron microscopy (TEM) shows promise in improving the detection limit of crystallinity in ASDs and providing insights into crystallization pathways.
MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Linhao Li, Teresa Roncal-Herrero, John Harrington, Steven J. Milne, Andy P. Brown, Julian S. Dean, Derek C. Sinclair
Summary: The study investigated the influence of adding a small amount of Bi2O3 on grain boundaries in high temperature dielectric solid solution series, leading to significant changes in conductivity and ion switch behavior. At low temperatures, grain boundaries act as electrically blocking layers, while they become highly conductive at higher temperatures due to a phase transition and melting of δ-Bi2O3.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ronald J. Turner, Pieter Bots, Alan Richardson, Paul A. Bingham, Alex Scrimshire, Andrew Brown, Mark S'Ari, John Harrington, Susan A. Cumberland, Joanna C. Renshaw, Matthew J. Baker, Paul R. Edwards, Cerys Jenkins, Andrea Hamilton
Summary: Hydroxyapatite has potential as a cement coating material in various applications, and bacterial or chemical syntheses on Portland cement can alter critical performance parameters, primarily due to differences in the rate of solution pH change. Additionally, iron is not incorporated into the HAp structure in cement, and nanoparticulate/nanocrystalline HAp forms in the top layers of the cement pore structure.
MATERIALS ADVANCES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jeffrey Paulo H. Perez, Dominique J. Tobler, Helen M. Freeman, Andy P. Brown, Nicole S. Hondow, Case M. van Genuchten, Liane G. Benning
Summary: The study quantified the influence of As(iii) and As(v) on the crystallization of GR sulfate (GRSO4) and found that As(iii) had a stronger inhibitory effect than As(v), reducing structural coherence and ordering in As(iii)-bearing GRSO4 crystals. Mineral-bound As(iii) significantly increased the stability of GRSO4 phase and fully prevented its transformation to magnetite even after 720 hours.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-NANO
(2021)
Article
Microscopy
C. Gao, C. Hofer, T. J. Pennycook
Summary: Ptychography provides high dose efficiency images that can reveal light elements next to heavy atoms. However, contrast reversals can occur when the projected potential becomes strong. Recent research has shown that these reversals can be counteracted by adapting the focus. This study explains why the best contrast is often found with the probe focused to the middle of the sample and highlights the importance of convergence angle in thin samples to remove contrast reversals.
Article
Microscopy
J. Lindner, U. Ross, T. Meyer, V. Boureau, M. Seibt, Ch. Jooss
Summary: Phase-shifting electron holography is an excellent method with high phase sensitivity to reveal electron wave phase information. An advanced drift correction scheme is proposed in this study, which exploits the interface of the TEM specimen and the vacuum area in the hologram. This method allows for obtaining reliable phase information.
Article
Microscopy
Ali Jaberi, Nicolas Brodusch, Jun Song, Raynald Gauvin
Summary: This study investigates knock-on damage in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) by computing threshold displacement energies (TDEs) and performing Monte Carlo simulation. The results indicate that Li is most sensitive to knock-on damage at moderate electron energies, and TDE is the principal parameter for assessing Li sensitivity to knock-on damage across similar structures.
Article
Microscopy
Alexander Schroeder, Christopher Rathje, Leon van Velzen, Maurits Kelder, Sascha Schaefer
Summary: This study utilizes novel event-based electron detector platforms to extend the temporal resolution of electron microscopy. By training a neural network to predict electron arrival time, the researchers were able to improve the timing accuracy and achieve a promising solution for enhancing electron timing precision in various electron microscopy applications.
Article
Microscopy
Avi Auslender, Nivedita Pandey, Amit Kohn, Oswaldo Dieguez
Summary: This article describes a faster implementation based on DFT for computing the mean inner potential of crystals, providing quantum-mechanical calculations beyond the independent-atom approximation. The study also reveals the dependence of the mean inner potential on sample boundary conditions, mass density, and magnetic susceptibility, highlighting its correlation with various material properties.
Article
Microscopy
Zhidong Yang, Dawei Zang, Hongjia Li, Zhao Zhang, Fa Zhang, Renmin Han
Summary: In this work, we propose a self-supervised deep learning model for cryo-ET volumetric image denoising based on noise modeling and sparsity guidance. Experimental results demonstrate that our method can achieve reliable denoising by training on single noisy volume and outperform existing methods.
Article
Microscopy
J. Kuttruff, J. Holder, Y. Meng, P. Baum
Summary: In this study, a robust clustering algorithm is proposed that can find clusters in a continuous stream of raw data in real time. This algorithm converts pixel hits measured by hybrid pixel detectors to real single-electron events. By continuously comparing with previous hits, the algorithm efficiently identifies the merging of new and old events.
Article
Microscopy
D. G. Senturk, C. P. Yu, A. De Backer, S. Van Aert
Summary: This article presents a statistics-based method for accurately counting the number of atoms in nanostructures, especially for images acquired with low electron doses and multiple element structures.
Article
Microscopy
Mauricio J. Prieto, Lucas de Souza Caldas, Liviu C. Tanase, Thomas Schmidt, Oscar Rodriguez de la Fuente
Summary: This study presents a synchrotron-based investigation of the synthesis process of a magnetite/hematite bilayer. Ion bombardment gradually transforms hematite into magnetite, and the growth of magnetite leads to the formation of stable boundaries. These findings are significant for understanding novel oxide heterostructures.
Article
Microscopy
Emre Yoruk, Holger Klein, Stephanie Kodjikian
Summary: Beam sensitive nanomaterials pose challenges for crystallographic structure determination. A dose symmetric electron diffraction tomography (DS-EDT) method is developed to reduce beam damage and obtain complete data sets by merging individual datasets from multiple crystals.
Article
Microscopy
A. Pofelski, Y. Zhu, G. A. Botton
Summary: The precision and sensitivity of the GPA method for strain characterization is a widely discussed topic. This study introduces the concept of phase noise and analyzes the parameter of sampling to improve the precision of GPA. Experimental and theoretical results demonstrate that using a larger pixel spacing in STEM can enhance the precision and sensitivity of the GPA method.
Article
Microscopy
Sangjun Kang, Di Wang, Christian Kuebel, Xiaoke Mu
Summary: Transmission electron microscopy is a valuable tool for assessing strain fields within materials. However, using thin specimens in TEM analysis can affect atomic configuration and deformation structure.
