Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Xiaoming Liu, Xuejiao Zeng, Jinli Mahe, Kai Guo, Panpan He, Qianwen Yang, Zhiwei Zhang, Zhongxia Li, Di Wang, Zheqing Zhang, Lei Wang, Lipeng Jing
Summary: The study found that nattokinase monascus supplements (NMSs) can improve lipid levels, but have no significant effect on serum TG, HDL-C, and CIMT.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
George Alzeeb, Danielle Arzur, Valerie Trichet, Matthieu Talagas, Laurent Corcos, Catherine Le Jossic-Corcos
Summary: Gastric cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, often diagnosed at advanced stages. Utilizing the cholesterol-lowering drug lovastatin as an adjuvant to chemotherapy has shown significant efficacy in treating gastric cancer. In a 3D model, the combination of lovastatin and docetaxel effectively eliminates growing gastric cancer cells.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Juan C. Diaz-Zagoya, Alejandro Marin-Medina, Alma M. Zetina-Esquivel, Jorge L. Ble-Castillo, Andres E. Castell-Rodriguez, Isela E. Juarez-Rojop, Rodrigo Miranda-Zamora
Summary: This study indicates that high doses of rosuvastatin can cause premature death in mice with a hypercholesterolemic diet, while moderate doses induce morphological and functional changes in mitochondria but allow for longer survival. Low doses close to the maximal therapeutic dose for humans do not significantly affect mitochondrial structure or respiratory function.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Chin-Hsien Lin, Chin-Hao Chang, Chun-Hwei Tai, Mei-Fang Cheng, Yi-Chieh Chen, Ying-Ting Chao, Tse-Le Huang, Ruoh-Fang Yen, Ruey-Meei Wu
Summary: Evidence suggests that lovastatin may slow the progression of motor symptoms in patients with early-stage PD, especially in the striatal region. The treatment was generally well tolerated, indicating the potential benefits of lovastatin in PD management.
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Forestry
Taotao Li, Zhanjun Liu, Jun Li, Yajun Zheng, Zhonghua Liu, Peixue Ling
Summary: Fuzhuan brick tea, a type of dark tea made from tea leaves, has its quality influenced by Eurotium cristatum. Certain strains of Eurotium cristatum can enhance the functional components in Fuzhuan brick tea, improving its quality and economic value. In this study, 20 wild-type strains were screened, and 6 strains were found to produce lovastatin, with the H20 strain having the highest production. The highest yield of lovastatin was found in the sexual propagule, and the optimal fermentation conditions were determined for lovastatin production by the H20 strain. These findings have great potential for developing Fuzhuan brick tea with a high lipid-lowering function and expanding the use of tea plant forest resources.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Betzana Zambrano, Fernando Noriega, Gustavo H. Dayan, Doris Maribel Rivera, Jose Luis Arredondo, Humberto Reynales, Kleber Luz, Carmen Deseda, Matthew Bonaparte, Edith Langevin, Yukun Wu, Margarita Cortes, Stephen Savarino, Carlos A. DiazGranados
Summary: In the study, the dengue vaccine showed a protective effect against Zika virus infection caused by dengue virus infection, but the protective effect against serologically suspected Zika was not significant. Similarly, after the Zika epidemic, dengue antibody titers increased, and the impact of the Zika epidemic on the infected population depended on their baseline dengue serostatus.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Joanna Niedbalska-Tarnowska, Katarzyna Ochenkowska, Marta Migocka-Patrzalek, Magda Dubinska-Magiera
Summary: This study investigated the alleviating effect of L-carnitine on muscle damage in zebrafish larvae treated with lovastatin. The results showed that lovastatin exposure caused muscle disruption, and L-carnitine partially mitigated this muscle damage.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Roberta Santarelli, Chiara Pompili, Maria Saveria Gilardini Montani, Maria Anele Romeo, Roberta Gonnella, Gabriella D'Orazi, Mara Cirone
Summary: Lovastatin is a potential therapeutic alternative against PEL cells, especially when used in combination with p21 inhibitors. It exerts its cytotoxic effects on PEL cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner by regulating pathways involving STAT3, ERK1/2, and p53.
Review
Environmental Sciences
Temidayo S. Omolaoye, Mouhammad Omar Halabi, Maitha Mubarak, Asha Caroline Cyril, Ruthwik Duvuru, Rajan Radhakrishnan, Stefan S. Du Plessis
Summary: Statins, a commonly used medication for hypercholesterolemia and cardiovascular diseases, have been shown to effectively control cholesterol production. However, they are also associated with various side effects and their impact on male fertility is controversial. The conflicting findings may be attributed to factors such as age, dosage, duration of treatment, and underlying conditions.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
H. G. Gaitan-Duarte, C. Alvarez-Moreno, C. J. Rincon-Rodriguez, N. Yomayusa-Gonzalez, J. A. Cortes, J. C. Villar, J. S. Bravo-Ojeda, A. Garcia-Pena, W. Adarme-Jaimes, V. A. Rodriguez-Romero, S. L. Villate-Soto, G. Buitrago, J. Chacon-Sarmiento, M. Macias-Quintero, C. P. Vaca, C. Gomez-Restrepo, N. Rodriguez-Malagon
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of rosuvastatin plus colchicine, emtricitabine/tenofovir, and their combined use in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. The findings suggest that the combined use of FTC/TDF+COLCH+ROSU reduces the risk of 28-day mortality in these patients compared to standard care. More randomized controlled trials are needed to further assess the potential advantages of this treatment combination.
Article
Psychiatry
Camille Champigny, Florence Morin-Parent, Laurence Bellehumeur-Lefebvre, Artuela Caku, Jean-Francois Lepage, Francois Corbin
Summary: This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of combined treatment with lovastatin and minocycline for patients with FXS. The results showed that the combination therapy was safe and improved several aspects of behavior. These findings lay the groundwork for further placebo-controlled double-blind clinical trials to confirm the benefits of the combined therapy.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Paavo V. H. Raittinen, Heimo Syvala, Teuvo L. J. Tammela, Merja R. Hakkinen, Pauliina Ilmonen, Seppo Auriola, Teemu J. Murtola
Summary: The study investigated the impact of atorvastatin on steroid profiles in the serum and prostatic tissue of men with prostate cancer. The findings suggest that atorvastatin may influence adrenal androgen levels in the serum and possibly in the prostate, indicating a potential for improving androgen deprivation therapy efficacy.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wencui Yin, Reem Al-Wabli, Mohamed W. Attwa, A. F. M. Motiur Rahman, Adnan A. Kadi
Summary: This study detected and characterized simvastatin and its metabolites in various organs and samples of rats using MALDI Orbitrap mass spectrometer. Different sample loading and cell disruption methods were evaluated, and 13 metabolites were detected.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Jeffrey N. Law, Sophia M. Orbach, Bronson R. Weston, Peter A. Steele, Padmavathy Rajagopalan, T. M. Murali
Summary: The Toxicity Forecaster (ToxCast) program was developed to quickly screen chemicals by measuring their effects on biological endpoints. To investigate the potential physiological processes affected by toxicants, data from ToxCast was integrated with a human protein interactome to construct toxicant signaling networks using the EdgeLinker algorithm. These networks capture biologically relevant effects of toxicants.
CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Behrooz Momeni, Saeed Nazer, Seyed Masoom Masoompour, Bita Geramizadeh, Seyed Vahid Sajadi
Summary: In this study, 90 male patients diagnosed with chronic bronchitis after exposure to mustard gas during the Iran-Iraq war were randomly assigned to receive either atorvastatin or a placebo for 3 months. The results showed that atorvastatin did not significantly alter inflammatory markers or quality of life compared to placebo after 12 weeks of treatment.
BMC PULMONARY MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Katharine A. Relph, Clark D. Russell, Cameron J. Fairfield, Lance Turtle, Thushan de Silva, Matthew K. Siggins, Thomas M. Drake, Ryan S. Thwaites, Simon Abrams, Shona C. Moore, Hayley E. Hardwick, Wilna Oosthuyzen, Ewen M. Harrison, Annemarie B. Docherty, Peter J. M. Openshaw, J. Kenneth Baillie, Malcolm G. Semple, Antonia Ho
Summary: Procalcitonin measurements and microbiology results were not clinically significant or diagnostically useful for bacterial coinfection in hospitalized adults with coronavirus disease 2019.
OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Esteban Garcia-Gallo, Laura Merson, Kalynn Kennon, Sadie Kelly, Barbara Wanjiru Citarella, Daniel Vidali Fryer, Sally Shrapnel, James Lee, Sara Duque, Yuli V. Fuentes, Valeria Balan, Sue Smith, Jia Wei, Bronner P. Goncalves, Clark D. Russell, Louise Sigfrid, Andrew Dagens, Piero L. Olliaro, Joaquin Baruch, Christiana Kartsonaki, Jake Dunning, Amanda Rojek, Aasiyah Rashan, Abi Beane, Srinivas Murthy, Luis Felipe Reyes
Summary: The ISARIC COVID-19 dataset is one of the largest international databases of clinical data on hospitalized COVID-19 patients. It includes data from hospitals worldwide and provides comprehensive information on patient characteristics and treatments.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Joaquin Baruch, Amanda Rojek, Christiana Kartsonaki, Bharath K. T. Vijayaraghavan, Bronner P. Goncalves, Mark G. Pritchard, Laura Merson, Jake Dunning, Matthew Hall, Louise Sigfrid, Barbara W. Citarella, Srinivas Murthy, Trokon O. Yeabah, Piero Olliaro
Summary: This study analyzed the proportion of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 hospitalized patients meeting different case definitions in the ISARIC prospective cohort study database. The study found that the performance of case definitions may vary by region, age, and time. Older patients often did not meet case definitions, which could lead to delayed medical care.
INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES
(2022)
Article
Biology
Bronner P. Goncalves, Matthew Hall, Waasila Jassat, Valeria Balan, Srinivas Murthy, Christiana Kartsonaki, Malcolm G. Semple, Amanda Rojek, Joaquin Baruch, Luis Felipe Reyes, Abhishek Dasgupta, Jake Dunning, Barbara Wanjiru Citarella, Mark Pritchard, Alejandro Martin-Quiros, Uluhan Sili, J. Kenneth Baillie, Diptesh Aryal, Yaseen Arabi, Aasiyah Rashan, Andrea Angheben, Janice Caoili, Francois Martin Carrier, Ewen M. Harrison, Joan Gomez-Junyent, Claudia Figueiredo-Mello, James Joshua Douglas, Mohd Basri Mat Nor, Yock Ping Chow, Xin Ci Wong, Silvia Bertagnolio, Soe Soe Thwin, Anca Streinu-Cercel, Leonardo Salazar, Asgar Rishu, Rajavardhan Rangappa, David S. Y. Ong, Madiha Hashmi, Gail Carson, Janet Diaz, Rob Fowler, Moritz U. G. Kraemer, Evert-Jan Wils, Peter Horby, Laura Merson, Piero L. Olliaro
Summary: This study proposes an innovative method to infer the SARS-CoV-2 variants responsible for clinical cases using publicly available population-level data. The analysis of over 100,000 patients from 28 countries suggests that patients hospitalized with Omicron variant infection less often present with commonly reported symptoms compared to patients infected with pre-Omicron variants. Furthermore, patients admitted to hospital after Omicron variant emergence had lower mortality compared to patients admitted during the period when Omicron variant was responsible for only a minority of infections.
Article
Immunology
Elen Vink, Chris Davis, Alasdair MacLean, David Pascall, Sarah E. McDonald, Rory Gunson, Hayley E. Hardwick, Wilna Oosthuyzen, Peter J. M. Openshaw, J. Kenneth Baillie, Malcolm G. Semple, Antonia Ho
Summary: Viral co-infection was rare among hospitalized COVID-19 patients during the first 18 months of the pandemic, and there was no observed association between co-infection and disease severity.
OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Felicity Liew, Shubha Talwar, Andy Cross, Brian J. Willett, Sam Scott, Nicola Logan, Matthew K. Siggins, Dawid Swieboda, Jasmin K. Sidhu, Claudia Efstathiou, Shona C. Moore, Chris Davis, Noura Mohamed, Jose Nunag, Clara King, A. A. Roger Thompson, Sarah L. Rowland-Jones, Annemarie B. Docherty, James D. Chalmers, Ling-Pei Ho, Alexander Horsley, Betty Raman, Krisnah Poinasamy, Michael Marks, Onn Min Kon, Luke Howard, Daniel G. Wootton, Susanna Dunachie, Jennifer K. Quint, Rachael A. Evans, Louise V. Wain, Sara Fontanella, Thushan I. de Silva, Antonia Ho, Ewen Harrison, J. Kenneth Baillie, Malcolm G. Semple, Christopher Brightling, Ryan S. Thwaites, Lance Turtle, Peter J. M. Openshaw
Summary: This study examined the nasal and plasma antibody responses in COVID-19 hospitalized patients one year after discharge and vaccination. The findings showed sustained elevated antibody responses in both nasal and plasma samples for at least 12 months, but the nasal antibody response was minimally influenced by vaccination. These findings highlight the importance of developing vaccines that enhance nasal immunity.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Jonathon Fanning, Natasha B. Weaver, Robert J. Fanning, Matthew Griffee, Sung-Min Cho, Mauro G. Panigada, Nchafatso M. Obonyo, Akram Zaaqoq, Hannah Rando, Yew Woon Chia, Bingwen Eugene Fan, Declan Sela, Davide Chiumello, Silvia Coppola, Ahmed Labib, Glenn J. R. C. Whitman, Rakesh S. Arora, Bo Kim, Anna Motos, Antoni Torres, Ferran Barbe, Giacomo Grasselli, Alberto Zanella, Eric Etchill, Asad Ali Usman, Maximilian M. Feth, Nicole Y. White, Jacky Suen, Gianluigi J. Li Bassi, Giles F. Peek, John Fraser, Heidi Dalton
Summary: A high prevalence of HECTOR complications (hemorrhage, disseminated intravascular coagulopathy, and thrombosis) was observed in ICU patients with severe COVID-19. Hemorrhagic complications were associated with increased ICU mortality, while thrombosis complications were associated with reduced mortality.
CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Christiana Kartsonaki, J. Kenneth Baillie, Noelia Garcia Barrio, Joaquin Baruch, Abigail Beane, Lucille Blumberg, Fernando Bozza, Tessa Broadley, Aidan Burrell, Gail Carson, Barbara Wanjiru Citarella, Andrew Dagens, Emmanuelle A. Dankwa, Christl A. Donnelly, Jake Dunning, Loubna Elotmani, Martina Escher, Nataly Farshait, Jean-Christophe Goffard, Bronner P. Goncalves, Matthew Hall, Madiha Hashmi, Benedict Sim Lim Heng, Antonia Ho, Waasila Jassat, Miguel Pedrera Jimenez, Cedric Laouenan, Samantha Lissauer, Ignacio Martin-Loeches, France Mentre, Laura Merson, Ben Morton, Daniel Munblit, Nikita A. Nekliudov, Alistair D. Nichol, Budha Charan Singh Oinam, David Ong, Prasan Kumar Panda, Michele Petrovic, Mark G. Pritchard, Nagarajan Ramakrishnan, Grazielle Viana Ramos, Claire Roger, Oana Sandulescu, Malcolm G. Semple, Pratima Sharma, Louise Sigfrid, Emily C. Somers, Anca Streinu-Cercel, Fabio Taccone, Pavan Kumar Vecham, Bharath Kumar Tirupakuzhi Vijayaraghavan, Jia Wei, Evert-Jan Wils, Xin Ci Wong, Peter Horby, Amanda Rojek, Piero L. Olliaro, Ali Abbas
Summary: This study analyzed demographic features, treatments, and clinical outcomes of hospitalized COVID-19 patients in 52 countries from January 2020 to January 2022. Age and male sex were associated with a higher risk of death. Symptoms, co-morbidities, and treatments were associated with clinical outcomes. This comprehensive international study provides valuable information for prioritizing treatment for COVID-19 patients at higher risk of death.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Waasila Jassat, Caroline Mudara, Caroline Vika, Richard Welch, Tracy Arendse, Murray Dryden, Lucille Blumberg, Natalie Mayet, Stefano Tempia, Arifa Parker, Jeremy Nel, Rubeshan Perumal, Michelle J. Groome, Francesca Conradie, Norbert Ndjeka, Louise Sigfrid, Laura Merson, Cheryl Cohen
Summary: The study aimed to describe the prevalence of and risk factors for post-COVID-19 condition (PCC). A total of 46.7% of hospitalized and 18.5% of nonhospitalized participants experienced >= 1 symptoms at 6 months. Risk factors for PCC included older age, female sex, non-Black race, presence of a comorbidity, greater number of acute COVID-19 symptoms, hospitalization/COVID-19 severity, and wave period.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
News Item
Virology
Sabrina Kali, Josephine Bourner, Alexandra Calmy, Cedric Laouenan, Laura Merson, Minerva Cervantes-Gonzalez, Amanda Rojek, Elise Pesonel, Laetitia Guiraud, Coralie Tardivon, Diane Descamps, Alpha Diallo, Severine Gibowski, Eric Rosenthal, Ventzislava Petrov-Sanchez, Sophie Letrou, Isabelle Hoffmann, Soizic Le Mestre, France Mentre, Yazdan Yazdanpanah, Piero Olliaro, Francois-Xavier Lescure
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Hannah Goldswain, Xiaofeng Dong, Rebekah Penrice-Randal, Muhannad Alruwaili, Ghada T. Shawli, Tessa Prince, Maia Kavanagh Williamson, Jayna Raghwani, Nadine Randle, Benjamin Jones, I'ah Donovan-Banfield, Francisco J. Salguero, Julia A. Tree, Yper Hall, Catherine Hartley, Maximilian Erdmann, James Bazire, Tuksin Jearanaiwitayakul, Malcolm G. Semple, Peter J. M. Openshaw, J. Kenneth Baillie, Stevan R. Emmett, Paul Digard, David A. Matthews, Lance Turtle, Alistair C. Darby, Andrew D. Davidson, Miles W. Carroll, Julian A. Hiscox
Summary: The mutational landscape of SARS-CoV-2 varies between the dominant viral genome sequence and minor genomic variant population. The emergence of D614G substitution in the spike protein is associated with increased transmissibility. The P323L substitution in the viral polymerase is also observed, but not under strong selective pressure.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Murray Dryden, Caroline Mudara, Caroline Vika, Lucille Blumberg, Natalie Mayet, Cheryl Cohen, Stefano Tempia, Arifa Parker, Jeremy Nel, Rubeshan Perumal, Michelle J. Groome, Francesca Conradie, Norbert Ndjeka, Louise Sigfrid, Laura Merson, Waasila Jassat
Summary: This study aimed to determine the impact of post-COVID-19 condition (PCC) on patients in South Africa and identify population groups at risk. The findings revealed that most participants in the cohort experienced persistent symptoms three months after hospital discharge, highlighting the significant impact of PCC on functional and occupational status.
LANCET GLOBAL HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Eva Miranda Marwali, Aria Kekalih, Saptadi Yuliarto, Dyah Kanya Wati, Muhammad Rayhan, Ivy Cerelia Valerie, Hwa Jin Cho, Waasila Jassat, Lucille Blumberg, Maureen Masha, Calum Semple, Olivia Swann, Malte Kohns Vasconcelos, Jolanta Popielska, Srinivas Murthy, Robert A. Fowler, Anne-Marie Guerguerian, Anca Streinu-Cercel, Mohan Dass Pathmanathan, Amanda Rojek, Christiana Kartsonaki, Bronner P. Goncalves, Barbara Wanjiru Citarella, Laura Merson, Piero L. Olliaro, Heidi Jean Dalton
Summary: The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on paediatric populations varied between high-income countries (HICs) versus low-income to middle-income countries (LMICs). The study found that mortality and morbidities were higher in LMICs than HICs, which may be attributable to differences in patient demographics, complications, and access to supportive and treatment modalities.
BMJ PAEDIATRICS OPEN
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Luis Felipe Reyes, Srinivas Murthy, Esteban Garcia-Gallo, Laura Merson, Elsa D. Ibanez-Prada, Jordi Rello, Yuli Fuentes, Ignacio Martin-Loeches, Fernando Bozza, Sara Duque, Fabio S. Taccone, Robert A. Fowler, Christiana Kartsonaki, Bronner P. Goncalves, Barbara Wanjiru Citarella, Diptesh Aryal, Erlina Burhan, Matthew J. Cummings, Christelle Delmas, Rodrigo Diaz, Claudia Figueiredo-Mello, Madiha Hashmi, Prasan Kumar Panda, Miguel Pedrera Jimenez, Diego Fernando Bautista Rincon, David Thomson, Alistair Nichol, John C. Marshall, Piero L. Olliaro
Summary: This study described the clinical characteristics, outcomes, and risk factors for failing non-invasive respiratory support in patients treated with severe COVID-19 in high-income countries (HICs) and low middle-income countries (LMICs) during the first two years of the pandemic. The most frequently used advanced respiratory support was high-flow nasal cannulas (HFNC), although invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) was more commonly used in LMICs. High leukocyte counts, tachypnoea, and treatment in LMICs were identified as risk factors for HFNC/NIV failure. HFNC/NIV failure was associated with worse clinical outcomes, such as 28-day mortality.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Gianluigi Li Bassi, Kristen Gibbons, Jacky Y. Suen, Heidi J. Dalton, Nicole White, Amanda Corley, Sally Shrapnel, Samuel Hinton, Simon Forsyth, John G. Laffey, Eddy Fan, Jonathon P. Fanning, Mauro Panigada, Robert Bartlett, Daniel Brodie, Aidan Burrell, Davide Chiumello, Alyaa Elhazmi, Mariano Esperatti, Giacomo Grasselli, Carol Hodgson, Shingo Ichiba, Carlos Luna, Eva Marwali, Laura Merson, Srinivas Murthy, Alistair Nichol, Mark Ogino, Paolo Pelosi, Antoni Torres, Pauline Yeung Ng, John F. Fraser