Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Alyaa Farid, Silvia Aiad, Gehan Safwat
Summary: Cryptosporidiosis is an intestinal infection caused by the protozoan parasite Cryptosporidium spp. This study aimed to produce antibodies for the diagnosis of cryptosporidiosis and investigate their protective effects in infected calves and mice. The results showed that the produced antibodies had high sensitivity in detecting the disease and significantly reduced oocyst shedding and inflammatory cytokine production.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Zhenjie Zhang, Dongle Su, Xinan Meng, Ruobing Liang, Weijian Wang, Na Li, Yaqiong Guo, Aizhen Guo, Shujing Li, Zengyuan Zhao, Lihua Xiao, Yaoyu Feng
Summary: The study showed a significantly higher infection rate of Cryptosporidium parvum during the outbreak, particularly associated with watery diarrhea in neonatal calves at a large cattle farm in Hebei Province, China. The subtype identified in the C. parvum isolates was IIdA20G1, highlighting the importance of monitoring and controlling the spread of this pathogen in China.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Parasitology
Ngalla E. Jillani, Atunga Nyachieo, Daniel C. Chai, James Nyabuga Nyariki
Summary: This study successfully developed and validated an infant baboon infection model of cryptosporidiosis, finding that 2x10(4) oocysts were an effective minimum quantifiable experimental infection dose, which could contribute to further research on the treatment and prevention of cryptosporidiosis.
PARASITES & VECTORS
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Hannah N. Creasey, Wen Zhang, Giovanni Widmer
Summary: This study investigated the association between the severity of cryptosporidiosis and the fecal microbiota. It found that individually caged mice had lower levels of infection compared to mice caged in groups, and that there was a negative relationship between microbiota diversity and susceptibility to Cryptosporidium parvum infection.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Laura Lux, Rainer G. Ulrich, Sergio Santos-Silva, Joao Queiros, Christian Imholt, Christian Klotz, Joana Pauperio, Ricardo Pita, Helia Vale-Goncalves, Paulo Celio Alves, Joao R. Mesquita
Summary: This study is the first investigation of Cryptosporidium and Giardia parasites in wild rodents and shrews in Portugal. The results show that Cryptosporidium was rarely detected, while Giardia was frequently detected, with the highest infection rates found in southwestern water voles and Lusitanian pine voles. Genetic characterization revealed rodent-adapted Giardia microti and potentially zoonotic Cryptosporidium muris as the only circulating species. This study suggests that wild rodents and shrews have a limited role as natural sources of human infections in Portugal.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Mariam Danish Iqbal, Tahir Naeem, Umar Khurshid, Fatima Hameed
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the frequency of Cryptosporidium infection among children with persistent diarrhea, with a result of 28% infection rate. It highlights the importance of hygiene education, accurate diagnosis, and treatment for Cryptosporidiosis, as well as the need for further research on this pathogen.
PAKISTAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Matthew A. Hulverson, Ryan Choi, Rama S. R. Vidadala, Grant R. Whitman, Venkata Narayana Vidadala, Kayode K. Ojo, Lynn K. Barrett, James J. Lynch, Kennan Marsh, Dale J. Kempf, Dustin J. Maly, Wesley C. Van Voorhis
Summary: The study explored two pyrrolopyrimidines and showed improved potency over the previously utilized pyrazolopyrimidine bumped kinase inhibitors in multiple models while maintaining equivalent results in other key properties with their pyrazolopyrimidine isosteric counterparts.
ACS INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
P. Y. Iroh Tam, S. L. M. Arnold, L. K. Barrett, C. R. Chen, T. M. Conrad, E. Douglas, M. A. Gordon, D. Hebert, M. Henrion, D. Hermann, B. Hollingsworth, E. Houpt, K. C. Jere, R. Lindblad, M. S. Love, L. Makhaza, C. W. McNamara, W. Nedi, J. Nyirenda, D. J. Operario, J. Phulusa, G. Quinnan, L. A. Sawyer, H. Thole, N. Toto, A. Winter, W. C. Van Voorhis
Summary: The study evaluated the efficacy, pharmacokinetics, and safety of clofazimine in HIV patients with cryptosporidiosis. Results showed that clofazimine did not significantly reduce Cryptosporidium shedding, but led to more adverse effects in severely immunocompromised HIV patients. This suggests limitations in the safety and efficacy of clofazimine for treating cryptosporidiosis in this patient population.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Jiayuan Su, Yiting Shen, Na Li, Yu Li, Ziding Zhang, Lihua Xiao, Yaqiong Guo, Yaoyu Feng
Summary: This study investigated the expression and function of CpCDPK1 and CpCDPK9 in Cryptosporidium parvum infection. The results suggest that these two proteins may have different roles in the infection process.
Review
Infectious Diseases
Melissa S. Love, Robert K. M. Choy
Summary: Significant progress has been made in the development of new therapeutics for cryptosporidiosis, with promising lead candidates identified through various drug discovery approaches. Further work is needed to advance these candidates towards clinical trials and regulatory approval.
CURRENT OPINION IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Xin Yang, Yaqiong Guo, Lihua Xiao, Yaoyu Feng
Summary: Cryptosporidiosis is a significant cause of diarrhea and diarrhea-related mortality in children, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Studies have shown that there is high genetic diversity of Cryptosporidium spp. in humans in these countries, with anthroponotic transmission playing a major role. Implementing WASH interventions is recommended to prevent and control human cryptosporidiosis in low- and middle-income countries.
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Weijian Wang, Muchun Wan, Fang Yang, Na Li, Lihua Xiao, Yaoyu Feng, Yaqiong Guo
Summary: This study developed a subtyping tool for Cryptosporidium bovis based on the GP60 gene sequence and analyzed 486 samples, identifying multiple subtypes and genetic recombination events. The findings suggest the potential for multiple episodes of C. bovis infections.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Helen Bagnall, Rachel M. Chalmers, Michelle Henderson, Stewart Sorrell, Guy Robinson, Kristin Elwin, Gayle Dolan
Summary: In October 2016, Public Health England was notified of four cases of cryptosporidiosis among users of two swimming pools. A total of twenty-two cases were identified, with eleven primary cases and eleven secondary cases. A complex outbreak involving two swimming pools with different transmission pathways was uncovered through the investigation integrating epidemiology and microbiology.
Article
Immunology
Xiaoyi Liu, Jing Wang, Jun Liu, Xuming Li, Yuanlin Guan, Suyun Qian, Xinlei Jia
Summary: This study highlights the importance of recognizing the potential severity of Cryptosporidium infection, even among individuals with normal immune systems. The use of mNGS testing can detect infections that conventional methods fail to find, and can assist in timely diagnosis and treatment.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Denise Ann Dayao, Justyna Jaskiewcz, Sangun Lee, Bruno Cesar Oliveira, Abhineet Sheoran, Giovanni Widmer, Saul Tzipori
Summary: Cryptosporidiosis has been identified as a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children with diarrhea in low-income countries. One of the main challenges in developing vaccines to control this disease is the lack of well-characterized immunocompetent rodent models. In this study, two mouse models were optimized and compared for vaccine evaluation, providing valuable references for future research.
INFECTION AND IMMUNITY
(2022)
Article
Parasitology
Hannah J. Shaw, Elisabeth A. Innes, Liam J. Morrison, Frank Katzer, Beth Wells
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY
(2020)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Rachel M. Chalmers, Lucy J. Robertson, Pierre Dorny, Suzanne Jordan, Age Karssin, Frank Katzer, Stephanie La Carbona, Marco Lalle, Brian Lassen, Ivona Mladineo, Miroslaw Rozycki, Ewa Bilska-Zajac, Gereon Schares, Anne Mayer-Scholl, Chiara Trevisan, Kristoffer Tysnes, Sasa Vasilev, Christian Klotz
TRENDS IN FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Parasitology
Renata Pimentel Bandeira de Melo, Flaviana Santos Wanderley, Wagnner Jose Nascimento Porto, Camila de Morais Pedrosa, Clare M. Hamilton, Maria Heloisa Gomes Silva de Oliveira, Mueller Ribeiro-Andrade, Renata Camila da Silva Rego, Frank Katzer, Rinaldo A. Mota
PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH
(2020)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Barbara Stefanska, Jacek Sroka, Frank Katzer, Piotr Golinski, Wlodzimierz Nowak
Summary: The study showed that adding a combination of probiotics and phytobiotics as feed additives during the preweaning period can significantly improve calf growth, feed intake, and health status, reduce diarrhea and parasitic infections, as well as enhance rumen fermentation and biochemical blood indices. However, using phytobiotics with rosmarinic acid as the main bioactive component or probiotics alone as feed additives did not affect growth performance and physiological indices.
ANIMAL FEED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
M. Lewis, P. M. Bartley, F. Katzer, L. R. Morrison, A. W. Philbey, K. Eatwell, D. Walker
JOURNAL OF EXOTIC PET MEDICINE
(2020)
Review
Parasitology
Paul Capewell, Sarah Krumrie, Frank Katzer, Claire L. Alexander, William Weir
Summary: Giardia duodenalis is a major gastrointestinal parasite worldwide, with a unique binucleate cell structure among eukaryotes. Limited molecular tools have impeded research on the epidemiology and population biology of the parasite, but affordable genome sequencing systems offer new possibilities for study and understanding of this fascinating parasite.
TRENDS IN PARASITOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Parasitology
Julii Brainard, Charlotte C. Hammer, Paul R. Hunter, Frank Katzer, Georgina Hurle, Kevin Tyler
Summary: The study found that halofuginone (HFG) treatment can significantly reduce oocyst shedding, diarrhea burden and mortality in calves, especially when treatment is initiated before calves reach 5 days of age. Most studies reported results for animals up to at least 28 days old, with beneficial effects observed after initiating HFG treatment.
Article
Parasitology
Daniela P. Chiebao, Paul M. Bartley, Francesca Chianini, Lauren E. Black, Alison Burrells, Hilda F. J. Pena, Rodrigo M. Soares, Elisabeth A. Innes, Frank Katzer
Summary: This study found that different genotypes of Toxoplasma gondii can induce different immune responses and parasite dynamics, with non-archetypal strains demonstrating higher virulence.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Barbara Stefanska, Frank Katzer, Barbara Golinska, Patrycja Sobolewska, Sebastian Smulski, Andrzej Frankiewicz, Wlodzimierz Nowak
Summary: The addition of eubiotic feed additives into the milk replacer can improve the health, performance, ruminal fermentation, and biochemical blood indices in dairy calves during the preweaning period.
BMC VETERINARY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Rachel M. Chalmers, Frank Katzer, Stephanie La Carbona, Marco Lalle, Romy Razakandrainibe, Lucy J. Robertson, Guy Robinson, Barbara Soba, Tamirat Temesgen, Anne Mayer-Scholl
Summary: Protozoan parasites have become a significant concern for public health and the food industry, particularly in relation to fresh produce and berries. Current detection methods, such as microscopy, lack standardized protocols and validation data, hindering efforts to understand and report parasite occurrences accurately. The development of guidance for artificial contamination studies and the potential for molecular detection offer promising avenues for improving method consistency and food safety.
Review
Immunology
Rafael Calero-Bernal, Mercedes Fernandez-Escobar, Frank Katzer, Chunlei Su, Luis Miguel Ortega-Mora
Summary: Toxoplasma gondii shows significant genetic and phenotypic diversity. Different haplogroups of T. gondii exhibit different phenotypic characteristics in laboratory mouse infections. While mortality rate is an important phenotypic marker, additional non-lethal parameters could provide promising discriminatory power for field isolates. There is a need for consistent methods in phenotypic characterization and definition of virulence.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kate M. Thomas, Tito Kibona, John R. Claxton, William A. de Glanville, Felix Lankester, Nelson Amani, Joram J. Buza, Ryan W. Carter, Gail E. Chapman, John A. Crump, Mark P. Dagleish, Jo E. B. Halliday, Clare M. Hamilton, Elisabeth A. Innes, Frank Katzer, Morag Livingstone, David Longbottom, Caroline Millins, Blandina T. Mmbaga, Victor Mosha, James Nyarobi, Obed M. Nyasebwa, George C. Russell, Paul N. Sanka, George Semango, Nick Wheelhouse, Brian J. Willett, Sarah Cleaveland, Kathryn J. Allan
Summary: Livestock abortion is a significant factor contributing to productivity losses globally, and many of the infectious causes of abortion are zoonotic pathogens that affect human health. This study conducted in Tanzania investigated the causes of livestock abortion and identified several important findings, including the outbreak of Rift Valley fever virus in cattle and the presence of various infections associated with livestock abortion. These findings not only provide a model for abortion surveillance in resource-limited settings, but also contribute to the current knowledge in sub-Saharan Africa and help prioritize disease interventions.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Parasitology
Katie Waine, Paul M. Bartley, Alistair Cox, Reuben Newsome, Ben Strugnell, Frank Katzer
Summary: This paper describes the molecular-based identification of Sarcocystis cruzi in meat affected and unaffected with eosinophilic myositis, which is the first report from the UK. The clinically affected carcasses were deemed unfit for human consumption due to the extensive lesions affecting meat quality.
VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY- REGIONAL STUDIES AND REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Parasitology
Sarah Krumrie, Paul Capewell, Mike McDonald, Dawn Dunbar, Rossella Panarese, Frank Katzer, Noha El Sakka, Dominic Mellor, Claire L. Alexander, William Weir
Summary: This study focused on the molecular epidemiology of Giardia in the UK, revealing the presence of potentially human-infective Giardia genotypes circulating in the companion animal population.
CURRENT RESEARCH IN PARASITOLOGY & VECTOR-BORNE DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Parasitology
Guy Robinson, Gregorio Perez-Cordon, Clare Hamilton, Frank Katzer, Lisa Connelly, Claire L. Alexander, Rachel M. Chalmers
Summary: In this study, a multilocus genotyping scheme based on fragment sizing was developed and validated for Cryptosporidium parvum using variable-number tandem-repeat (VNTR) markers. The scheme showed high discriminatory power and typeability compared to the current method of gp60 sequencing. It was found to be suitable for inter-laboratory surveillance and outbreak investigations.
FOOD AND WATERBORNE PARASITOLOGY
(2022)
