Article
Cell Biology
Kristen Delevich, Benjamin Hoshal, Lexi Z. Zhou, Yuting Zhang, Satya Vedula, Wan Chen Lin, Juliana Chase, Anne G. E. Collins, Linda Wilbrecht
Summary: This study investigates the role of direct and indirect pathway spiny projection neurons (dSPNs and iSPNs) in choice rejection during learning. The results show that activation of iSPNs disrupts rejection of nonrewarded choices. These findings are important for designing interventions to enhance choice rejection in addiction or other conditions.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Arnaud L. Lalive, Mauro Congiu, Christopher Lewis, Dominik Groos, Joseph A. Clerke, Anna Tchenio, Yuan Ge, Fritjof Helmchen, Manuel Mameli
Summary: Through experiments with mice, it was found that the activity of lateral habenula neurons decreases with the decrease of reward-related stimuli, and this phenomenon can guide reward-driven behavior through synaptic inhibition.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Emil Warnberg, Arvind Kumar
Summary: This article discusses the role of midbrain dopaminergic neurons in the basal ganglia and how to explain how dopamine supports learning of continuous outputs instead of discrete action values. The authors propose a model and demonstrate its validity through a learning rule.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Biology
Alana Jaskir, Michael J. Frank
Summary: The basal ganglia plays a role in reinforcement learning and decision making, utilizing complex circuitry and dynamic dopamine modulation to achieve this. The OpAL* model highlights the normative advantages of this circuitry, showing how opponent pathways and dopamine modulation enhance learning and decision-making.
Article
Cell Biology
Gwenaelle Laverne, Jonathan Pesce, Ana Reynders, Etienne Combrisson, Eduardo Gascon, Christophe Melon, Lydia Kerkerian-Le Goff, Nicolas Maurice, Corinne Beurrier
Summary: Striatal cholinergic interneurons (CINs) play an important regulatory role in cortico-striatal transmission and striatal-dependent motor-skill learning, which is dependent on the integrity of dopaminergic inputs.
Article
Neurosciences
Kouichi C. Nakamura, Andrew Sharott, Takuma Tanaka, Peter J. Magill
Summary: In Parkinsonism, dopamine depletion leads to dysrhythmic activity in basal ganglia-recipient zone neurons, which differs from the normal neural cell activity and may affect brain information processing.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Arif A. Hamid
Summary: This review summarizes the current understanding of dopamine dynamics in relay quantitative decision variables in striatal targets and how different behavioral task-demands leverage these specializations for adaptive behaviors. Furthermore, it suggests a revision of the longstanding hypothesis for globally broadcast dopamine prediction error signals and emphasizes regionally specialized forebrain dopamine dynamics tailored to local computational needs.
CURRENT OPINION IN BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bruno F. Cruz, Goncalo Guiomar, Sofia Soares, Asma Motiwala, Christian K. Machens, Joseph J. Paton
Summary: The direct and indirect pathways of the basal ganglia play opposite roles in action suppression. Co-activation of neurons in the movement center and dorsolateral striatum is observed during action suppression. Optogenetic inhibition experiments demonstrate that the dorsolateral striatum is primarily involved in suppressing actions, while other striatal circuits promote contralateral actions. These findings highlight the importance of opponent interactions between region-specific basal ganglia processes in behavioral control, and emphasize the critical role of the sensorimotor indirect pathway in the proactive suppression of tempting actions.
Article
Neurosciences
Adam J. Culbreth, Zuzana Kasanova, Thomas J. Ross, Betty J. Salmeron, James M. Gold, Elliot A. Stein, James A. Waltz
Summary: The study found that brain responses to different forms of salience were detected, and there were no significant differences in salient event activation between SZ patients and controls in several regions, but there was a significant correlation between the magnitudes of salience contrasts and positive symptoms in SZ patients.
Review
Neurosciences
Ann M. Graybiel, Ayano Matsushima
Summary: Striosomes are specialized compartments in the striatum that interact with a larger matrix called matrisomes. They have important roles in regulating dopamine-containing neurons, receiving corticostriatal afferents, and being influenced by neuromodulatory activities. Striosomes also play a key role in reinforcement learning, stereotypical behaviors, and valence conflicts and discriminations. We propose that striosomes serve as distributed scaffolds for striatal computations and affect subjective states, with potential implications for neuropsychiatric conditions.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Ruben Contreras-Lopez, Hector Alatriste-Leon, Edgar Diaz-Hernandez, Josue O. Ramirez-Jarquin, Fatuel Tecuapetla
Summary: Using various methods such as trans-synaptic tracing and optogenetic inhibitions, this study reveals that the deep cerebellar nuclei have a high influence on the dorsal striatum through the centrolateral, parafascicular, and ventrolateral nuclei of the thalamus. The DCN->VL and DCN->CL pathways are important for unidirectional forelimb displacements, while the DCN->PF and DCN->thalamo->striatal pathways contribute to the accurate execution of forelimb reaching and sequential displacements. These findings provide insights into the specific contributions of different cerebellar-thalamo-striatal paths in controlling skilled forelimb movement.
Article
Neurosciences
Kevin G. C. Mizes, Jack Lindsey, G. Sean Escola, Bence P. Olveczky
Summary: The ability to respond to new task demands enables rich and adaptive behavior. The basal ganglia play a different role in automatic and visually guided motor sequences, with the former being dependent on continuous kinematics and the latter being dispensable.
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Tiago Monteiro, Filipe S. Rodrigues, Margarida Pexirra, Bruno F. Cruz, Ana I. Goncalves, Pavel E. Rueda-Orozco, Joseph J. Paton
Summary: Temperature changes in the striatum affect neural activity and time judgments in rats, but not movement. The striatum may play a role in discrete decisions rather than continuous motor control.
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Gianpaolo Antonio Basile, Marina Quartu, Salvatore Bertino, Maria Pina Serra, Marcello Trucas, Marianna Boi, Roberto Demontis, Alessia Bramanti, Giuseppe Pio Anastasi, Demetrio Milardi, Rosella Ciurleo, Alberto Cacciola
Summary: This study successfully reconstructed the fiber bundles of the human subthalamic area and created a large-scale normative population atlas using an optimized tractography protocol. This atlas is of great significance in both clinical anatomy and functional neurosurgery, as it improves our understanding of the complex morphology of this important brain region.
BRAIN STRUCTURE & FUNCTION
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Julien Catanese, Dieter Jaeger
Summary: The study demonstrates the importance of thalamic ramping activity in controlling impulsive actions, with inhibitory nigral inputs able to modulate this activity and affect the level of motor impulsivity.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
B. Oettinghaus, J. M. Schulz, L. M. Restelli, M. Licci, C. Savoia, A. Schmidt, K. Schmitt, A. Grimm, L. More, J. Hench, M. Tolnay, A. Eckert, P. D'Adamo, P. Franken, N. Ishihara, K. Mihara, J. Bischofberger, L. Scorrano, S. Frank
CELL DEATH AND DIFFERENTIATION
(2016)
Article
Neurosciences
Manfred J. Oswald, Jan M. Schulz, Wolfgang Kelsch, Dorothy E. Oorschot, John N. J. Reynolds
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2015)
Article
Neurosciences
Jan M. Schulz, Peter Redgrave, Carsten Mehring, Ad Aertsen, Koreen M. Clements, Jeff R. Wickens, John N. J. Reynolds
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2009)
Article
Neurosciences
William M. Connelly, Jan M. Schulz, George Lees, John N. J. Reynolds
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2010)
Article
Neurosciences
Jan M. Schulz, Manfred J. Oswald, John N. J. Reynolds
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2011)
Article
Neurosciences
Manfred J. Oswald, Dorothy E. Oorschot, Jan M. Schulz, Janusz Lipski, John N. J. Reynolds
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2009)
Article
Neurosciences
Jan M. Schulz, Toni L. Pitcher, Shakuntala Savanthrapadian, Jeffery R. Wickens, Manfred J. Oswald, John N. J. Reynolds
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2011)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lucy M. Palmer, Jan M. Schulz, Sean C. Murphy, Debora Ledergerber, Masanori Murayama, Matthew E. Larkum
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jan M. Schulz, Frederic Knoflach, Maria-Clemencia Hernandez, Josef Bischofberger
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2018)
Article
Neurosciences
Jan M. Schulz, Frederic Knoflach, Maria-Clemencia Hernandez, Josef Bischofberger
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2019)
Article
Neurosciences
Jan M. Schulz, Jim W. Kay, Josef Bischofberger, Matthew E. Larkum
Summary: The synergy between somatic and apical dendritic inputs significantly contributes to the information in the action potential (AP) output of L5b pyramidal neurons. Activation of dendritic GABA(B) receptors decreases this synergy and increases somatic control of AP output. The voltage-dependence of the transfer resistance between dendrite and soma, as well as the activation of GIRK channels by dendritic GABA(B) receptors, play crucial roles in modulating AP output.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Meredith Lodge, Maria-Clemencia Hernandez, Jan M. Schulz, Josef Bischofberger
Summary: GABA can depolarize immature neurons and inhibit AP firing in adult neurogenesis. Different interneuron subtypes mediate GABAergic inputs in newborn hippocampal granule cells, with young neurons showing nonlinear voltage dependence with increasing conductance. The opening of α5-GABA(A)Rs in young neurons is crucial for the inhibition of AP firing and generation of balanced and sparse firing activity.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Jim W. Kay, Jan M. Schulz, William A. Phillips
Summary: Partial information decomposition allows for understanding the information processing mechanisms of neurons by dividing the joint mutual information between an output and a set of inputs into components that are synergistic, shared, or unique to each input. Comparing the results of five different decompositions using data from two studies, we found that different decomposition methods produce different estimates of synergy, shared information, and unique misinformation. When examining within-neuron differences, the five methods produce similar results for most components, except for the shared information component, where two methods produce a different statistical conclusion. The expression of unique information asymmetry also shows some differences among the methods, being significantly larger on average under dendritic inhibition. Three methods support the previous conclusion that apical amplification is reduced by dendritic inhibition.
Article
Cell Biology
Lisa Traunmuller, Jan Schulz, Raul Ortiz, Huijuan Feng, Elisabetta Furlanis, Andrea M. Gomez, Dietmar Schreiner, Josef Bischofberger, Chaolin Zhang, Peter Scheiffele
Summary: The specification of synaptic properties is regulated by terminal selector transcription factors and RNA-binding protein SLM2 plays a critical role in hippocampal synapse specification.