Article
Neurosciences
Andrea Ketschek, Rajiv Sainath, Sabrina Holland, Gianluca Gallo
Summary: Understanding the bioenergetics of axon extension and maintenance is crucial for neurodevelopment and diseases. Inhibiting glycolysis affects axon extension and growth cone dynamics, but not axon maintenance. The glycolytic pathway plays a role in distal axons contributing to axon extension and growth cone dynamics in the presence of NGF, while it is required for axon maintenance in the absence of NGF.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Eissa Alfadil, Frank Bradke
Summary: Understanding axon growth is crucial for reactivating it under pathological conditions. Previous studies mainly focused on cultured neurons on flat surfaces, while recent 3D studies revealed more complex aspects of axon development. This article reviews current views on axon growth, highlights gaps in our knowledge, and proposes the need for studying axon growth in a more physiological setting to uncover relevant mechanisms and promote axon regeneration.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Developmental Biology
Kaho Miyata, Kensuke Hayashi
Summary: Neuronal migration and axon elongation in the developing brain are essential events for neural network formation. The filopodia-microtubule system is the main driving machinery in elongating growth cones, while the lamellipodia-drebrin-microtubule system is the main system in leading-process growth cones of migrating neurons.
DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Rita Pinto-Costa, Monica Mendes Sousa
Summary: Cytolinkers play a crucial role in ensuring the integration of different cytoskeleton components in neurons, which is essential for proper function and connectivity of high order circuits. Several cytoskeleton regulatory proteins with actin-microtubule crosslinking activity have been identified as important players in axon outgrowth and guidance.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Huanxin Zhang, Kaixuan Zhang, Min Li, Yue Shao, Xi-Qiao Feng
Summary: In this study, a theoretical framework was developed to investigate the force-regulated states and transitions in growing axons. A unique negative feedback mechanism was discovered, defining four distinct kinetic states in the axon growth process. This research provides valuable insights into the understanding of axonal development.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Ana Catarina Costa, Monica Mendes Sousa
Summary: Neurons are polarized cells and the regulation of the microtubule cytoskeleton is crucial for their function. A group of microtubule-severing enzymes, including spastin, have been found to play an important role in regulating microtubule organization and axonal transport.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chunfeng Liu, Jinlian Liu, Chaoqun Liu, Qing Zhou, Yaodong Zhou, Boyin Zhang, Saijilafu
Summary: Axon regeneration is a critical process for restoring the function of the injured nervous system, with the molecular mechanisms still unclear. Multiple signaling pathways are required for coordinating mammalian axonal regeneration. Understanding these regulatory signaling cascades can help in developing new treatment strategies.
ACTA BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA SINICA
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Xubin Hou, Motohiro Nozumi, Harukazu Nakamura, Michihiro Igarashi, Sayaka Sugiyama
Summary: In this study, the researchers investigated the role of the ADF-H domain-containing protein coactosin in axon growth, finding that coactosin promotes the assembly of protrusive actin filament arrays at the leading edge of growth cones. The promotion of axonal growth by coactosin was shown to be dependent on the activity of cofilin.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Bart Nieuwenhuis, Richard Eva
Summary: This article reviews the role of the PI3-kinase and PTEN signaling pathway in promoting repair of the injured central nervous system. Genetic deletion of PTEN has been shown to stimulate optic nerve regeneration, and the PI3-kinase and PIP3 signaling pathways play critical roles in developmental and regenerative axon growth. The article also discusses the neuron-intrinsic mechanisms that control regenerative ability and how they are affected by PI3-kinase signaling. Furthermore, the article highlights the recent finding of a decline in PIP3 generation as a key reason for regenerative failure, and summarizes studies targeting an increase in signaling downstream of PI3-kinase to facilitate regeneration in the adult central nervous system. The article concludes by discussing obstacles that need to be overcome in order to develop a robust strategy for repairing the injured central nervous system through manipulation of PI3-kinase signaling.
NEURAL REGENERATION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Lindsay H. Teliska, Irene Dalla Costa, Ozlem Sert, Jeffery L. Twiss, Matthew N. Rasband
Summary: This study demonstrates the importance of an intact axon initial segment (AIS) for efficient axon regeneration and functional recovery of multipolar motor neurons after nerve injury. Loss of AIS may impair the delivery of axonal proteins, mRNA, and other necessary cargoes for regeneration. Therapeutic strategies for axon regeneration should consider preserving or reassembling the AIS.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Elena E. Grintsevich, Giasuddin Ahmed, Anush A. Ginosyan, Heng Wu, Shannon K. Rich, Emil Reisler, Jonathan R. Terman
Summary: Cellular events require the spatiotemporal interplay between actin assembly and disassembly. Profilin and Mical combine to impair F-actin assembly and promote F-actin disassembly, while simultaneously facilitating cellular remodeling and plasticity.Actin-based structures in cells and tissues are built and maintained through a poorly understood balance between assembly and disassembly.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Miguel E. Dominguez-Romero, Paula G. Slater
Summary: The growth cone is a critical structure during neuronal development and regeneration, detecting and integrating signals to reach its final destination. After neuronal injuries in mammals, only axons in the peripheral nervous system are able to regenerate, while the ones from the central nervous system fail to do so.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Arthur W. English, Ken Berglund, Dario Carrasco, Katharina Goebel, Robert E. Gross, Robin Isaacson, Olivia C. Mistretta, Carly Wynans
Summary: Functional recovery after peripheral nerve injury is challenging due to slow and incomplete axon regeneration. Bioluminescent optogenetics, utilizing fusion proteins of luciferase and light-sensing ion channels, shows promise in enhancing axon regeneration by increasing neuronal excitability. Experimental studies in transgenic mice and viral vector-transduced mice demonstrate enhanced motor axon regeneration and successful muscle reinnervation after treatment with bioluminescent optogenetics.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Ashraful Islam, Veronica J. Tom
Summary: Spinal cord injury is a devastating event that can permanently disrupt multiple functions, and delivering genetic material using viral vectors has the potential to promote axon regeneration and overcome obstacles. However, various factors should be considered when using viral vector for gene therapy. Gene therapy shows promise in preclinical models for treating spinal cord injury.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Seung Joon Lee, Matthew D. Zdradzinski, Pabitra K. Sahoo, Amar N. Kar, Priyanka Patel, Riki Kawaguchi, Byron J. Aguilar, Kelsey D. Lantz, Caylee R. McCain, Giovanni Coppola, Qun Lu, Jeffery L. Twiss
Summary: Alternative splicing of the Cdc42 gene generates isoforms with distinct functions, with prenyl-Cdc42 promoting axon growth and palmitoyl-Cdc42 contributing to dendrite maturation.
JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Huiling Liu, Zhenyi Zhang, Chunxia Gao, Yanjie Bai, Bin Liu, Weihua Wang, Yanxia Ma, Saijilafu, Huilin Yang, Yadong Li, Adrian Chan, Lei Yang
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING C-MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
(2020)
Article
Cell Biology
Xue-Wei Wang, Shu-Guang Yang, Chi Zhang, Ming-Wen Hu, Jiang Qian, Jin-Jin Ma, Yingchi Zhang, Bin-Bin Yang, Yi-Lan Weng, Guo-Li Ming, Anish R. Kosanam, Saijilafu, Feng-Quan Zhou
Article
Cell Biology
Li-Yu Zhou, Feng Han, Shi-Bin Qi, Jin-Jin Ma, Yan-Xia Ma, Ji-Le Xie, Hong-Cheng Zhang, Xin-Ya Fu, Jian-Quan Chen, Bin Li, Hui-Lin Yang, Feng Zhou, Saijilafu
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2020)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chunfeng Liu, Jinlian Liu, Chaoqun Liu, Qing Zhou, Yaodong Zhou, Boyin Zhang, Saijilafu
Summary: Axon regeneration is a critical process for restoring the function of the injured nervous system, with the molecular mechanisms still unclear. Multiple signaling pathways are required for coordinating mammalian axonal regeneration. Understanding these regulatory signaling cascades can help in developing new treatment strategies.
ACTA BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA SINICA
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Hongcheng Zhang, Jinhui Xu, Saijilafu
Summary: The use of GelMA hydrogel in treating spinal cord injury in mice resulted in enhanced nerve regeneration and recovery of movement function. Injection of GelMA hydrogel reduced the area of syringomyelia and inhibited scar formation, while also promoting axon growth through the regulation of specific proteins.
ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jinjin Ma, Jiaying Li, Sihan Hu, Xingran Wang, Meimei Li, Jile Xie, Qin Shi, Bin Li, Saijilafu, Hao Chen
Summary: This study developed a nerve-guiding collagen/polylactic acid electrospun scaffold to facilitate peripheral nerve repair. The scaffold mimics the realistic structure of nerves and provides mechanical support and a favorable microenvironment for axonal regeneration.
MACROMOLECULAR BIOSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Ji-Le Xie, Xing-Ran Wang, Mei-Mei Li, Zi-Han Tao, Wen-Wen Teng, Saijilafu
Summary: Spinal cord injury (SCI) causes motor, sensory, and autonomic dysfunction with significant economic costs. MSCs show promise as transplant cells for SCI treatment, due to their multipotency, trophic and immunomodulatory abilities, and ease of isolation. However, understanding the concept of MSCs is crucial for high-quality research in the field.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Jile Xie, Jiaying Li, Jinjin Ma, Meimei Li, Xingran Wang, Xinya Fu, Yanxia Ma, Huilin Yang, Bin Li, Saijilafu
Summary: Due to the limited regenerative ability of the central nervous system, effective treatments for spinal cord injury have been lacking. The study found that a MgO/PLCL scaffold loaded with PUR and RA can reduce glial scar formation and promote neuronal differentiation of endogenous NSCs, leading to partial recovery of locomotor function in SCI mice.
ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Saijilafu, Suo-Yuan Li, Xiao Yu, Zhi-Qiang Li, Guang Yang, Jing-Huan Lv, Guang-Xiang Chen, Ren-Jie Xu
Summary: This article reports a rare case of heel pain caused by accessory os subcalcis. Through the description of this case and pathological examination results, it emphasizes the importance of awareness and diagnosis of accessory os subcalcis, helping to avoid future misdiagnosis of heel pain.
WORLD JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CASES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Mao-Ting Tang, Chun-Feng Liu, Jin-Lian Liu, Saijilafu, Zhen Wang
Summary: This article presents a rare case of simultaneous stress fractures of the femoral neck and proximal femur in the unilateral femur. The causes and treatment options for such fractures are analyzed based on the literature review.
WORLD JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CASES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Jinjin Ma, Jiaying Li, Xingran Wang, Meimei Li, Wenwen Teng, Zihan Tao, Jile Xie, Yanxia Ma, Qin Shi, Bin Li, Saijilafu
Summary: In this study, GDNF-loaded PDA nanoparticle-based anisotropic scaffolds were developed for spinal cord repair. The mesoporous PDA nanoparticles efficiently scavenged ROS and promoted microglia M2 polarization, inhibiting inflammatory response and providing a favorable microenvironment for nerve cell survival. Furthermore, the GDNF encapsulated in the nanoparticles promoted axon regeneration and locomotor functional recovery.
ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Pengcheng Xu, Qiang Yang, Lin Zhang, Kang Wu, Yanjie Bai, Saijilafu, Huilin Yang, Huan Zhou, Xiao Lin, Lei Yang
Summary: This study presents a new cell- and drug-free biomaterial strategy using a silicate ion-releasing hydrogel for repairing severely injured skeletal muscles. The hydrogel efficiently releases silicate ions to create a favorable microenvironment for muscle repair and promotes myoblast proliferation and myogenic differentiation in vitro. The bioinspired mechanical properties and biodegradability of the hydrogel scaffold lead to enhanced vascularized muscle regeneration in vivo, showing great potential in skeletal muscle tissue engineering.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY B
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Jin-Hui Xu, Xu-Zhen Qin, Hao-Nan Zhang, Yan-Xia Ma, Shi-Bin Qi, Hong-Cheng Zhang, Jin-Jin Ma, Xin-Ya Fu, Ji-Le Xie, Saijilafu
Summary: The deletion of Klf4 gene enhances axonal regeneration in sensory neurons after peripheral nerve injury, both in vitro and in vivo. Klf4 knockout also promotes corticospinal tract regeneration in mice with spinal cord injury, suggesting Klf4 as a potential target for promoting functional recovery after nervous system damage.
NEURAL REGENERATION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Gang-Bin Tang, Ting-Wei Mi, Man-Lian Sun, Ya-Jie Xu, Shu-Guang Yang, Hong-Zhen Du, Saijilafu, Zhao-Qian Teng, Jun Gao, Chang-Mei Liu
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Liwei Zhang, Yanjun Yang, Zirui Liao, Qingbai Liu, Xinhuan Lei, Meng Li, Saijilafu, Zunyi Zhang, Dun Hong, Min Zhu, Bin Li, Huilin Yang, Jianquan Chen