Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Marina Majaj, Ludwig T. Weckbach
Summary: Midkine (MK) is a 13-kDa heparin-binding cytokine and growth factor with various physiological functions, its roles in cardiovascular diseases have been rigorously investigated, but there is still controversy over whether it has generally detrimental or favorable effects in these diseases. Therefore, thorough examination and appraisal of MK's participation in cardiovascular diseases is crucial.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gabriela Florea, Irina Florina Tudorache, Elena Valeria Fuior, Radu Ionita, Madalina Dumitrescu, Ioana Madalina Fenyo, Violeta Georgeta Bivol, Anca Violeta Gafencu
Summary: Apolipoprotein A-II (apoA-II) plays an important role in lipid metabolism and may have different effects in humans and mice. It influences lipid metabolism and may be associated with vascular diseases. Findings regarding its role in atherogenesis have been conflicting. In humans, apoA-II deficiency has little effect on lipoprotein levels, while in mice it causes HDL deficit. Increased plasma apoA-II concentration leads to hypertriglyceridemia and lowers HDL levels, potentially causing type 2 diabetes.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giovanni Ciccarelli, Stefano Conte, Giovanni Cimmino, Patrizia Maiorano, Andrea Morrione, Antonio Giordano
Summary: Atherosclerosis is a complex disease involving metabolic processes and inflammation. Despite improved therapies, a significant residual risk remains due to unmet therapeutic targets. Endothelial dysfunction and lipid infiltration are primary causes of atherosclerotic plaque progression. Mitochondrial dysfunction can affect arterial wall cells, leading to oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, and intracellular lipid deposition. Evaluating mitochondrial defects through the detection and characterization of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is crucial, and mitochondria-targeting therapies show promise in treating atherosclerosis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Morgane Davezac, Cecile Meneur, Melissa Buscato, Rana Zahreddine, Jean-Francois Arnal, Florence Dalenc, Francoise Lenfant, Coralie Fontaine
Summary: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women, but advancements in cancer detection and treatment have improved survival rates. However, cardiovascular diseases have become a significant cause of long-term morbidity and mortality in breast cancer survivors due to the cardiovascular toxicity of cancer treatments. There is debate regarding the impact of endocrine therapies, particularly tamoxifen, on cardiovascular diseases in breast cancer patients.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Jia Jian Loh, Stephanie Ma
Summary: This study explores the role of CAFs in the tumor microenvironment, emphasizing their impact on accelerating CSC features and malignant progression. Targeting key cellular components and factors in the niche may enhance treatment efficacy.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jens Spiesshoefer, Dominik Linz, Erik Skobel, Michael Arzt, Stefan Stadler, Christoph Schoebel, Ingo Fietze, Thomas Penzel, Anil-Martin Sinha, Henrik Fox, Olaf Oldenburg
Summary: Patients with cardiovascular diseases often experience sleep disturbances, such as reduced sleep duration, poor sleep quality, and interruptions due to breathing difficulties or arrhythmias. There is a bidirectional relationship between sleep and cardiovascular diseases, with potential for improving patient outcomes by addressing sleep-related issues. More research is needed to further understand the impact and mechanisms of sleep on cardiovascular health.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhan Wang, Junyi Ren, Jinxiu Du, Huan Wang, Jia Liu, Guiling Wang
Summary: Niclosamide is an FDA-approved anthelmintic drug, but recent studies have shown that it has potential therapeutic benefits beyond treating parasitic infections. It has shown promising results in treating metabolic diseases, immune system diseases, bacterial and viral infections, asthma, arterial constriction, myopia, and cancer. Niclosamide could be a valuable therapeutic option for various human diseases and cancer.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Puja Paudel, Fiona J. McDonald, Martin Fronius
Summary: Delta-ENaC, the fourth subunit of vascular epithelial sodium channels, has been less understood but recent discovery of its presence in human vascular cells suggests its potential significant role in vascular physiology and pathophysiology in humans. It has different properties compared to the alpha subunit, making it a potential new drug target for cardiovascular disease treatment.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Hyunjung Choi, Dongjoon Lee, Inhee Mook-Jung
Summary: Alzheimer's disease, the most common neurodegenerative disorder, is not only characterized by pathological features in the brain, but also associated with changes in the gut microbiota, indicating a potential involvement of the gut-brain axis in its pathogenesis.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Parya Amini, Mehran Amrovani, Zohre Saleh Nassaj, Parisa Ajorlou, Aiyoub Pezeshgi, Bahareh Ghahrodizadehabyaneh
Summary: Preeclampsia (PE) is a complication during pregnancy that poses a threat to pregnant women, with high blood pressure being one of its main symptoms. Studies have shown that PE can increase the risk of developing cardiovascular disease and mortality. By understanding the signaling pathways involved in blood pressure regulation, appropriate treatment strategies can be developed to reduce blood pressure in PE individuals, thus reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality.
CARDIOVASCULAR TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Emilia Gore, Thibaut Duparc, Annelise Genoux, Bertrand Perret, Souad Najib, Laurent O. Martinez
Summary: IF1 is an endogenous inhibitor of ATP synthase, involved in mitochondrial functions, energy metabolism, redox balance, and cell fate. Despite recent paradigm shifts regarding IF1 functions, its study in entire organisms and different organs remains limited. The investigation of IF1 at multiple levels and in various pathophysiological conditions may help uncover therapeutic strategies in human pathology.
ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Afshin Rahbarghazi, Marefat Siahkouhian, Reza Rahbarghazi, Mahdi Ahmadi, Lotfali Bolboli, Rana Keyhanmanesh, Mahdi Mahdipour, Hadi Rajabi
Summary: Melatonin has multi-organ and pleiotropic effects in controlling angiogenesis at the molecular and cellular levels. Angiogenesis, the development of new blood vessels from pre-existing ones, is dependent on the balance of pro- and anti-angiogenic factors. Accelerating angiogenesis is seen as an effective strategy in healing ischemic changes like infarcted myocardium.
JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION-LONDON
(2021)
Article
Hematology
Marzieh Ezzaty Mirhashemi, Ravi Shah, Robert R. Kitchen, Jian Rong, Aferdita Spahillari, Alexander R. Pico, Olga Vitseva, Daniel Levy, Danielle Demarco, Sajani Shah, Mark D. Iafrati, Martin G. Larson, Kahraman Tanriverdi, Jane E. Freedman
Summary: The study found significant changes in platelet gene expression after massive weight loss, while platelet function remained unchanged. These genes may be related to improved cardiometabolic risk, but showed no association with incident diabetes or cardiovascular endpoints. Further research is needed to clarify the mechanistic importance of these observations.
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Girolamo Manno, Clarissa Filorizzo, Daniele Fanale, Chiara Brando, Daniela Di Lisi, Monica Lunetta, Viviana Bazan, Antonio Russo, Giuseppina Novo
Summary: The HIPPO pathway is a conserved kinase cascade that affects organ size by regulating proliferation, cell survival, and differentiation. Research in oncology and cardiology fields has been investigating HP signaling and future perspectives in cardiology research. This pathway has the potential to offer important insights for future studies.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ONCOLOGY HEMATOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Farahnaz Nikdoust, Mahboubeh Pazoki, Mohammadjavad Mohammadtaghizadeh, Mahsa Karimzadeh Aghaali, Mehran Amrovani
Summary: Exosomes are small spherical membrane vesicles that play a role in inducing endothelial dysfunction through their contents, leading to processes like inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. Identifying exosome signaling pathways can help reduce endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular diseases through appropriate targeted therapy.
CARDIOVASCULAR TOXICOLOGY
(2022)