Review
Immunology
Ashleigh R. Murphy-Schafer, Silke Paust
Summary: Mast cells are initially implicated as a source of immunopathology in severe influenza, but emerging evidence suggests they also play a crucial role in suppressing inflammation.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Jaishree Sharma, Srinivasu Mudalagiriyappa, Som Gowda Nanjappa
Summary: In recent years, significant findings have been made in the field of antifungal T-cell immunity research, particularly in understanding the development and role of antifungal memory T cells.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Roberto Tinoco, Emily N. Neubert, Christopher J. Stairiker, Monique L. Henriquez, Linda M. Bradley
Summary: PSGL-1 acts as a key regulator of effector and memory T cell differentiation during acute viral infection, by limiting survival, sustaining PD-1 expression, and reducing effector responses. This suggests that PSGL-1 may limit excessive stimulation of memory T cells during acute viral infection.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Sara P. H. van den Berg, Josien Lanfermeijer, Ronald H. J. Jacobi, Marion Hendriks, Martijn Vos, Roos van Schuijlenburg, Nening M. Nanlohy, Jose A. M. Borghans, Josine van Beek, Debbie van Baarle, Jelle de Wit
Summary: CMV infection is associated with lower frequencies of memory IAV-specific T cells in healthy individuals, but does not seem to hamper T-cell response during acute IAV infection. In addition, CMV infection is not associated with increased severity of influenza-related symptoms.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tabea M. Eser, Olga Baranov, Manuel Huth, Mohammed I. M. Ahmed, Flora Deak, Kathrin Held, Luming Lin, Kami Pekayvaz, Alexander Leunig, Leo Nicolai, Georgios Pollakis, Marcus Buggert, David A. Price, Raquel Rubio-Acero, Jakob Reich, Philine Falk, Alissa Markgraf, Kerstin Puchinger, Noemi Castelletti, Laura Olbrich, Kanika Vanshylla, Florian Klein, Andreas Wieser, Jan Hasenauer, Inge Kroidl, Michael Hoelscher, Christof Geldmacher
Summary: The study shows that systemic inflammation markers are directly correlated with upper airways viral loads, while the frequencies of nucleocapsid-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells are inversely correlated with inflammatory markers and viral loads. The presence of activated T cells expressing cytotoxic proteins and IFN-gamma in infected epithelium is linked with better control of SARS-CoV-2. These findings provide insights for the development of vaccines against COVID-19.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Koen van de Ven, Josien Lanfermeijer, Harry van Dijken, Hiromi Muramatsu, Caroline Vilas Boas de Melo, Stefanie Lenz, Florence Peters, Mitchell B. Beattie, Paulo J. C. Lin, Jose A. Ferreira, Judith van den Brand, Debbie van Baarle, Norbert Pardi, Jorgen de Jonge
Summary: This study evaluated a novel T cell-inducing nucleoside-modified messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine that encoded conserved proteins of an H1N1 influenza virus, and found that it induced broadly reactive T cells and enhanced protection against potential influenza viruses.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Judith Grau-Exposito, Nerea Sanchez-Gaona, Nuria Massana, Marina Suppi, Antonio Astorga-Gamaza, David Perea, Joel Rosado, Anna Falco, Cristina Kirkegaard, Ariadna Torrella, Bibiana Planas, Jordi Navarro, Paula Suanzes, Daniel Alvarez-Sierra, Alfonso Ayora, Irene Sansano, Juliana Esperalba, Cristina Andres, Andres Anton, Santiago Ramon y Cajal, Benito Almirante, Ricardo Pujol-Borrell, Vicenc Falco, Joaquin Burgos, Maria J. Buzon, Meritxell Genesca
Summary: The study suggests that lung resident memory T cells play a crucial role in limiting the spread of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19. Different clinical outcomes are associated with distinct virus-specific T cell responses, and the persistence of antiviral lung T-RM cells in convalescent patients may help limit reinfection.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Shohei Harabuchi, Omar Khan, Hamid Bassiri, Taku Yoshida, Yohei Okada, Masaomi Takizawa, Osamu Ikeda, Akihiro Katada, Taku Kambayashi
Summary: This study investigates the role of TCR signaling pathways in chronic viral infection, revealing the distinct effects of DAG and ERK on CD8+ T cell activation and survival.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Maike Hofmann, Catrin Tauber, Nina Hensel, Robert Thimme
Summary: CD8(+) T cell responses play a crucial role in chronic HCV infection and HCC, strong virus-specific CD8(+) T cell responses contribute to virus clearance while failure leads to chronic infection development. Tumor-associated and tumor-specific CD8(+) T cells are considered potential targets for immunotherapeutic strategies.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Abdalla Sheikh, Jennie Jackson, Hanjoo Brian Shim, Clement Yau, Jung Hee Seo, Ninan Abraham
Summary: Interleukin-7 (IL-7) plays an important role in shaping CD8 T cell responses during acute viral infections. IL-7 is required for proper expansion and effector functions of influenza-specific CD8 T cells in the mediastinal lymph node. IL-7 also affects terminal differentiation, degranulation, and cytokine production of specific CD8 T cells. Understanding IL-7's role in respiratory diseases will help expand therapeutic options.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Celine Maquet, Jerome Baiwir, Pauline Loos, Lucia Rodriguez-Rodriguez, Justine Javaux, Remy Sandor, Fabienne Perin, Padraic G. Fallon, Matthias Mack, Didier Cataldo, Laurent Gillet, Benedicte Machiels
Summary: Gammaherpesviruses have evolved together with their hosts to establish high infection prevalence and latency. Research shows that pulmonary infection with Murid herpesvirus 4 leads to recruitment of Ly6C(hi) monocytes into airways, modulating host immune response. The absence of Ly6C(hi) MOs is associated with severe virus-induced immunopathology and systemic release of inflammatory mediators.
SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Xuejie Liu, Tianyi Zhao, Liangliang Wang, Zhuolin Yang, Chuming Luo, Minchao Li, Huanle Luo, Caijun Sun, Huacheng Yan, Yuelong Shu
Summary: The study utilized a mosaic vaccine design strategy and genetic algorithms to optimize the influenza virus antigens and generate virus-like particles. Compared to a commercial quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine, the mosaic VLPs induced stronger cross-reactive antibody responses, robust T-cell responses, and provided better protection in a mouse model. These findings demonstrate the promising potential of mosaic vaccines for developing a broad influenza vaccine in the future.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Maireid B. Bull, Haogao Gu, Fionn N. L. Ma, Liyanage P. Perera, Leo L. M. Poon, Sophie A. Valkenburg
Summary: In this study, we investigated the influenza virus genome in infected mice to determine its potential to adapt to T cell responses. We found that vaccination with the Wyeth/IL-15/5Flu vaccine led to an increased incidence and frequency of mutations across the influenza genome. However, these mutations were not enriched within T cell epitope regions. Instead, high allele frequency mutations were observed in conserved hemagglutinin stem regions and PB2 mammalian adaptive mutations. Depletion of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell subsets in vaccinated mice resulted in a reduction in the frequency of mutants, indicating that vaccine-mediated T cell responses play an important role in driving virus diversification.
Article
Biology
Risa Ebina-Shibuya, Erin E. West, Rosanne Spolski, Peng Li, Jangsuk Oh, Majid Kazemian, Daniel Gromer, Phillip Swanson, Ning Du, Dorian B. McGavern, Warren J. Leonard
Summary: TSLP plays a crucial role in the development of diseases such as asthma, atopic dermatitis, and allergic inflammation, but its role in CD8(+) T-cell primary responses and memory CD8(+) T cell responses to secondary viral infection is still controversial. Research has shown that TSLP limits the primary CD8(+) T-cell response to influenza, but has little effect on T cell function and the number of memory CD8(+) T cells generated after influenza infection, while inhibiting memory CD8(+) T-cell responses to secondary viral infections.
Article
Immunology
James A. Harker, Trever T. Greene, Burton E. Barnett, Phuc Bao, Aleksandr Dolgoter, Elina I. Zuniga
Summary: The IL-6 cytokine family signals through gp130 combined with a cytokine-specific receptor. Gp130 signaling on CD4 T cells is vital in controlling chronic infection of mice with LCMV Cl13. IL-6 and IL-27 signaling have distinct and overlapping roles, with IL-6 regulating Tfh differentiation, IL-27 regulating CD4 T cell survival, and both promoting IL-21.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)