Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Christopher W. Noel, Antoine Eskander, Rinku Sutradhar, Alyson Mahar, Simone N. Vigod, Elie Isenberg-Grzeda, James Bolton, Julie Deleemans, Wing C. Chan, Ravleen Vasdev, Victoria Zuk, Barbara Haas, Stephanie Mason, Natalie G. Coburn, Julie Hallet
Summary: The study found that cancer patients had a higher incidence of nonfatal self-injury (NFSI) than suicide after diagnosis. Younger age, history of severe psychiatric illness, and prior self-injury were independently associated with risk of NFSI, with these factors synergistically placing young adults with a prior mental health history at the greatest risk. These factors can be used to identify at-risk patients.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Saleh Abu Dabous, Waleed Zeiada, Rami Al-Ruzouq, Khaled Hamad, Ghadeer Al-Khayyat
Summary: This paper introduces the evidential reasoning theory to pavement condition assessment, proposing a distress-based method to assess and rate pavement conditions, which can effectively eliminate inconsistency in subjective judgment processes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PAVEMENT ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Tamina Tasmin, David Richards, Hussein Dia, James Wang
Summary: Efforts are being made to establish relationships between visual ratings and pavement condition data to assist road asset managers in maintaining roads. Models predict surface condition rating based on pavement distresses, but linear regression models have limitations in explaining variation. Ordinal logistic models show better success rates in predicting the probability of road sections being in specific surface conditions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PAVEMENT ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Sabine Weber, Olaf Weber, Komal Habib, Goretty Maria Dias
Summary: This study presents a novel procedure for assessing textile waste, categorizing and grading textiles into six categories and 44 sub-categories using textile collectors. Through analyzing 1767.6 kg of textile waste collected from Ontario municipalities, the researchers found that textiles made up 4.4% of the residential waste stream and 65% of this waste could be reused, with 21% recycled. The diversion of this waste would lead to significant environmental benefits and economic savings.
RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Clare L. Atzema, Ian G. Stiell, Alice S. Chong, Peter C. Austin
Summary: This study aimed to validate several potential codes for successful emergency department cardioversion of atrial fibrillation (AF) patients. The results showed that using a billing code can identify successfully cardioverted AF patients with high positive predictive value (PPV) and specificity.
Article
Pediatrics
Kate Templeton, Jenny Chan Yuen, Caitlin Lenz, Alison R. Mann, Haley S. Friedler, Ramy Yim, Maria Alfieri, Amy J. Starmer, Amit S. Grover
Summary: In the management of pediatric acute pancreatitis, early enteral feeding has been shown to improve outcomes and reduce hospital length of stay. Through interventions such as the development of a clinical care pathway and physician education, the proportion of patients receiving early enteral nutrition increased from 40% to 84%, while hospital length of stay significantly decreased. There was no increase in hospital readmission rates.
Review
Construction & Building Technology
Ayman H. El Hakea, Mohamed W. Fakhr
Summary: This paper provides a comprehensive review of computer vision models and applications in pavement distress detection and condition assessment. It includes a bibliometric analysis of recent publications, identification of trending tools and research gaps, and guidance for future research in pavement asset management using computer vision.
AUTOMATION IN CONSTRUCTION
(2023)
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Esperance A. K. Schaefer
Summary: Despite efforts to improve screening for CHB in high-risk populations and provide care for those with chronic infection in the United States, data shows that a large proportion of at-risk individuals remain untested and only a minority of those with chronic infection receive long-term care. Additionally, even among patients being treated for CHB, only a small minority undergo basic testing and screening for disease staging and complications.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Guneet Sandhu, Olaf Weber, Michael O. Wood, Horatiu A. Rus, Jason Thistlethwaite
Summary: The Province of Ontario in Canada exemplifies water security issues, highlighting the challenges of water depletion and degraded quality despite the perception of water abundance. This study developed an interdisciplinary water risk assessment framework to comprehensively evaluate water quantity and quality risks, regulatory trends, and conflicts among water users in 38 subwatersheds. The findings challenge the belief of water abundance in the Great Lakes watershed, revealing high and moderate risk potential in at least 50% of the studied subwatersheds. This research integrates social-ecological perspectives and mixed methods to inform sustainable water management decisions.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Yasmine Farhan, Victor Limay-Rios, Arthur W. Schaafsma, Jocelyn L. Smith
Summary: Different insecticides have varying levels of susceptibility and residual activity against Striacosta albicosta larvae, with chlorantraniliprole having the longest residual activity and methoxyfenozide providing effective control for less than 7 days.
PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Rheumatology
Timothy S. H. Kwok, Bindee Kuriya, Gillian Hawker, Ping Li, Gregory Choy, Jessica Widdifield
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the proportion and factors associated with older adults with gout receiving a serum urate (SUA) test after starting urate-lowering therapy (ULT). The results of a population-based retrospective cohort study in Ontario, Canada showed that the proportion of patients receiving SUA testing within 6 and 12 months after ULT dispensation has improved over time but is still suboptimal. ULT prescriber, patient, and prescription characteristics were correlated with SUA testing.
ARTHRITIS CARE & RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Joanne Marshall, Derek Haley, Lena Levison, David F. Kelton, Cynthia Miltenburg, Steven Roche, Todd F. Duffield
Summary: This study used a survey to explore the current cull cow management practices and farmers' perception of cull cow journeys to slaughter among Ontario dairy farmers. The results revealed discrepancies between farmers' perceptions and the actual impacts and durations of cull cow journeys, as well as misunderstandings regarding cull cow management requirements.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Yeshambel T. Nigatu, Tara Elton-Marshall, Hayley A. Hamilton
Summary: Canadian households experienced changes in economic well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study found that an increase in household debt due to COVID-19 was significantly associated with serious psychological distress and poor general health measures.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Joanne Marshall, Derek B. Haley, David Kelton, Cynthia Miltenburg, Steven Roche, Todd Duffield
Summary: This study aimed to understand dairy farmers' perspectives on their cull dairy cow management practices, recommendations and requirements of regulations, management tools, and welfare issues. The results showed that farmers have diverse considerations in culling decisions, taking into account personal experiences, values, and external referents. Although the welfare of their cows is a high priority, it is often balanced against financial outcomes. Furthermore, most participants considered recent regulatory changes for the management of cows before shipment to be of little importance on their farms.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Afua Oteng Asare, Daphne Maurer, Agnes M. F. Wong, Wendy J. Ungar, Natasha Saunders
Summary: This study examines the association between material deprivation and the utilization of vision care services for young children. The results suggest that there is a low uptake of comprehensive eye examinations, especially among children living in the most materially deprived neighborhoods. Strategies are needed to improve uptake and reduce inequities.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Aleli Osorio-Lird, Alondra Chamorro, Alvaro Gonzalez
Summary: Rural roads are crucial for economic and social development, requiring proper management and support. Maintenance requirements and costs are dependent on traffic conditions, with chloride stabilisers used to improve service levels. A model was developed to evaluate road roughness, providing confident performance information based on road age.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PAVEMENT ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Alondra Chamorro, Tomas Echaveguren, Eduardo Allen, Marta Contreras, Joaquin Daga, Hernan de Solminihac, Luis E. Lara
Review
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Gabriela Quitana, Maria Molinos-Senante, Alondra Chamorro
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
(2020)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Pablo Cartes, Tomas Echaveguren Navarro, Alondra Chamorro Gine, Eduardo Allen Binet
Summary: The paper aims to develop a model integrating cost-saving and resilience evaluation in order to prioritize recovery strategies for road performance. Indexes are proposed to estimate the relative change in resilience and costs caused by different recovery strategies, and then integrated into a priority index for comprehensive assessment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Pablo Cartes, Alondra Chamorro, Tomas Echaveguren
Summary: Tunnels play a crucial role in maintaining the continuity of rural road and urban transportation networks. The impact of earthquakes on tunnel serviceability is significant, and the estimation of traffic interruption probability requires the use of fragility curves. A simplified procedure was proposed for evaluating the traffic interruption probability of tunnels due to earthquakes, utilizing existing seismic exposure maps and suitable fragility curves.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Eduardo Allen, Alondra Chamorro, Alan Poulos, Sebastian Castro, Juan Carlos de la Llera, Tomas Echaveguren
Summary: This study proposes a risk framework to evaluate operational consequences in interurban road networks exposed to seismic hazard using travel time delays and propagate uncertainty in the model. The risk values are evaluated using Monte Carlo simulations, and uncertainty is propagated using a polynomial chaos expansion meta-model. The results demonstrate that the parameters that most significantly influence risk are fragility, loss of road capacity, and traffic volume.
COMPUTER-AIDED CIVIL AND INFRASTRUCTURE ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Geography, Physical
Natalia Nieto, Alondra Chamorro, Tomas Echaveguren, Cristian Escauriaza
Summary: Recent studies have shown the damage or failure of transportation networks caused by various types of flows, especially the adjacent debris flows that affect road embankments. While fragility curves have been developed for bridges and roads exposed to debris flows, there is currently no model available to estimate the road damage probability of embankments exposed to adjacent debris flows. This paper aims to develop such a model and finds that lower heights and platform widths increase the probability of road embankment damage.
PROGRESS IN PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY-EARTH AND ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Nikole Guerrero, Marta Contreras, Alondra Chamorro, Carolina Martinez, Tomas Echaveguren
Summary: Socio-natural disasters can have profound consequences for countries exposed to natural hazards. Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) management and the development of techniques to measure social vulnerability are crucial. This research aims to identify the factors determining social vulnerability in Chile, using different spatial scales and differentiating urban and rural areas. The study found that access to basic services, education level, housing quality, and income levels are significant factors affecting social vulnerability. The use of different territorial scales provides valuable insights for decision-makers and DRR policies.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Alondra Chamorro, Tomas Echaveguren, Carlos Pattillo, Manuel Contreras-Jara, Marta Contreras, Eduardo Allen, Natalia Nieto, Hernan de Solminihac
Summary: This study discusses the development of SIGeR-RV, an RMS developed in Chile for road networks exposed to multiple natural hazards. The system serves as a tool for decision makers to estimate budget requirements, identify vulnerable road segments, and assess the socioeconomical impacts of risk reduction.
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Nicolas C. Bronfman, Javiera V. Castaneda, Nikole F. Guerrero, Pamela Cisternas, Paula B. Repetto, Carolina Martinez, Alondra Chamorro
Summary: Although Chile is highly exposed to natural hazards, there is currently no national index to depict the disparities in resilience levels within the country. This research creates a national-scale community resilience index for Chile based on the BRIC index. The study reveals that resilience is unevenly distributed across the country, with the highest levels concentrated in the central macro-zone. Conversely, the extreme zones have a population concentration, with about 90% at the lowest levels, resulting in unequal allocation of resources and services that impact resilience. Indicators such as the percentage of population without health insurance, without internet access, and electoral participation largely contribute to these differences. The study demonstrates the successful implementation of the BRIC model in assessing community resilience in Chile and suggests targeting resources and strategies to enhance resilience in areas with the lowest levels.
Review
Engineering, Civil
Eduardo Allen, Seosamh B. Costello, Theunis F. P. Henning, Alondra Chamorro, Tomas Echaveguren
Summary: Transportation asset management is a systematic process for the operation, maintenance, and upgrade of physical transportation assets over their life cycle. However, integrating transportation resilience into this process remains a ongoing challenge for transportation agencies. Given the potential damage and cascading effects of natural hazard events on transportation assets and critical networks, addressing this challenge is crucial.
STRUCTURE AND INFRASTRUCTURE ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Gustavo Jimenez-Ramos, Tomas Echaveguren, Jose Vargas-Baecheler, Alondra Chamorro
Summary: This study proposes a method for evaluating the probability of cut-slope landslides and traffic interruption. First-order reliability analysis and Monte Carlo simulation were used to analyze different slope and rainfall scenarios. The analysis found 24 failure probability curves for slope inclination, rainfall intensity, and duration, providing insights into the magnitude of road blockage induced by slope failure.
TRANSPORTATION GEOTECHNICS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Natalia Nieto, Alondra Chamorro, Tomas Echaveguren, Esteban Saez, Alvaro Gonzalez
Summary: Debris flows have significant economic impact on rural road networks, especially on road embankments in mountainous areas. This study aims to develop fragility curves to assess the potential damage on road embankments exposed to debris flows. The probability of headcut erosion is higher compared to sliding failure, and two-lane roads present higher probabilities of headcut erosion than multilane roads.
GEOMATICS NATURAL HAZARDS & RISK
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Maria Calahorra-Jimenez, Luis Fernando Alarcon, Cristina Torres-Machi, Alondra Chamorro, Keith Molenaar
REVISTA DE LA CONSTRUCCION
(2020)
Review
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Diana Contreras, Alondra Chamorro, Sean Wilkinson
NATURAL HAZARDS AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES
(2020)