Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rafael Ambriz Gonzalez, Lisa Bortolotti
Summary: This paper provides an overview of the debate between realism and anti-realism in the philosophy of science and explores two recent approaches that aim to reconcile realist intuitions with the limitations of scientific knowledge. Perspectivalists propose the existence of different perspectives within which scientific claims can be produced and tested, allowing for disagreement without abandoning the idea that scientific theories accurately describe reality. The integrative approach encourages researchers to embrace pluralism and integrate conflicting frameworks and methodologies when new knowledge is gained.
INTERDISCIPLINARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
David J. Nutt, Harriet de Wit
Summary: MDMA could be a promising treatment for PTSD according to a phase 3 study, but it will require a shift in perception of this drug.
Review
Immunology
Liangyu Chen, Di Qin, Xinyu Guo, Qixue Wang, Jie Li
Summary: Glioblastoma, a complex and aggressive brain cancer, presents challenges in subtype classification and treatment progress due to its heterogeneous microenvironment. Immunotherapy has shown promise in other tumors but faces challenges in gliomas. Proteomics, especially high-throughput LC-MS/MS systems, offer a tool to accelerate research on glioblastoma treatment, particularly in the realm of immunotherapy.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marius Munschek, Reinhard Witt, Katrin Kaltofen, Josiane Segar, Christian Wirth, Alexandra Weigelt, Rolf A. Engelmann, Ingmar R. Staude
Summary: Conservation gardening is a socio-ecological approach to address the decline of native plant species and transform the gardening industry into a conservation tool. However, information on suitable plants, their ecological requirements, and commercial availability is limited. This study used Germany as a case study and developed a workflow to bridge this knowledge gap. The findings reveal a significant number of red-listed plant species suitable for conservation gardening and the potential for long-term urban planning and climate adaptation.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Scot Morrison, Jill Cook
Summary: The body of literature on tendinopathy management has made significant progress, with emerging clinical approaches. The heavy slow resistance (HSR) method shows promise, but its implementation raises some concerns. This article presents considerations to help future researchers improve exercise prescription approaches in this field.
News Item
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Linda Nordling
Summary: Scientists from seven countries are being trained to utilize gene editing tools in order to enhance neglected crops in Africa.
NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Plant Sciences
Peter M. Bourke, Jochem B. Evers, Piter Bijma, Dirk F. van Apeldoorn, Marinus J. M. Smulders, Thomas W. Kuyper, Liesje Mommer, Guusje Bonnema
Summary: Intercropping is a promising agricultural practice aimed at reducing negative environmental impacts while maintaining or increasing yields. Plant breeding for intercropping faces challenges in adapting specialized genotypes and accommodating inter-specific interactions. Combining plant growth modeling with genomic technologies may offer innovative solutions for bridging the gap between current monoculture breeding programs and more integrated breeding programs for the future.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Editorial Material
Oncology
Myrto Moutafi, David L. Rimm
Summary: Based on a post hoc analysis in advanced gastric cancer, PD-L1 showed a stronger association with immunotherapy efficacy when measured by combined positive score (CPS) compared to tumor cells (TC%). This suggests that expression of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment can enhance the value of companion diagnostic tests.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Emily C. Pierce, Rachel J. Dutton
Summary: Microbial interactions are crucial in the biology of microbiomes. By studying interactions in representative contexts, common mechanisms have been identified across diverse microbial systems, providing insights into the impact of these interactions on microbiomes. Technological advancements in genetics, metabolomics, imaging, and microfluidics have facilitated interdisciplinary research in understanding the mechanisms of microbial interactions.
CURRENT OPINION IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Dorotea Bozic, Kristian Podrug, Ivana Mikolasevic, Ivica Grgurevic
Summary: The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is high, necessitating the development of inexpensive and reliable non-invasive diagnostic tools. Controlled attenuation parameter and ultrasound techniques are widely used for assessing liver steatosis, with some methods already validated.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Taryn Moir, Jayne Johnson
Summary: This study aims to investigate ways to support transitions from preschool to primary school, develop shared understanding, and create core activities and timelines for nurturing transitions. It is hoped that by sharing this information, consistency in transition practices can be increased and excellence examples can be identified.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Dominik Straub, Constantin A. Rothkopf
Summary: Psychophysical methods are crucial in psychology, cognitive science, and neuroscience. Continuous psychophysics can transform traditional methods by studying dynamic stimuli through continuous behavioral adjustments. However, current analysis methods neglect the motor component's variability, resulting in larger estimates of perceptual thresholds.
Article
Environmental Sciences
J. M. Donelson, J. D. Gaitan-Espitia, A. J. Hobday, K. Mokany, S. C. Andrew, S. Boulter, C. N. Cook, F. Dickson, N. A. Macgregor, N. J. Mitchell, M. Pickup, R. J. Fox
Summary: In this Perspective, the authors emphasize the importance of considering phenotypic plasticity in conservation actions and propose a framework and road map for incorporating plasticity into management. They also highlight the challenges in implementing plasticity in conservation and present a common language and framework for connecting plasticity to management actions.
NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tine Nielsen
Summary: The study aimed to validate three field practice experience scales measuring students' learning opportunities during observation, practice, and feedback in teacher education programs. Through translation-back-translation and Rasch model analysis, the scales showed good reliability but lacked coverage of rare teaching activities in field practice. Significant differences in mean scores based on level of field practice placement were found, showing promise for future research.
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Caillan Crowe-McAuliffe, Daniel N. Wilson
Summary: New research uncovers the structural basis of context-specific action of antibiotics such as chloramphenicol, linezolid, and radezolid, which inhibit protein synthesis.
NATURE STRUCTURAL & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2022)