Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Wei Long, Song Zhang, Yi-long Liang, Mei-gui Ou
Summary: After the first-stage solution treatment, the quantity of equiaxed a phases decreased while the thickness of lamellar a phases reduced, resulting in an initial increase and subsequent decrease in tensile strength, along with a decrease in elongation. After the second-stage solution treatment, the amount and size of lamellar a phases increased due to sufficient diffusion of alloying elements, leading to enhanced tensile strength. Following the third-stage aging treatment, the increase in dispersed a phases resulted in a notable strengthening effect, with the FC sample from the first stage exhibiting better mechanical properties compared to the AC and WC samples.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MINERALS METALLURGY AND MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Baoguo Yuan, Aichuang Tang, Deguo Qian, Qiang Chen, Xiaoxue Zhang, Zhongyue Huang
Summary: The influence of hydrogen level on the compressive properties of TC21 alloy processed by thermohydrogen treatment at 1123 K was studied. The microstructures of the alloy were investigated and it was found that hydrogen level significantly affected the microstructures and compressive properties. As the hydrogen level increased, the yield strength initially decreased and then increased, while the deformation limit first slightly decreased, then increased to a maximum, and finally decreased. At a hydrogen level of 0.78 wt%, the deformation limit of TC21 alloy reached the highest value, showing an increase of 244.33% compared to the original alloy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Jiangxiong Wang, Xianwei Ye, Yuanhui Li, Mingpan Wan, Chaowen Huang, Fang Huang, Min Lei, Dan Liu, Rui Ma, Xianli Ren
Summary: The study investigated the effect of annealing temperature on the microstructure and mechanical properties of TC21 titanium alloy with a multilevel lamellar microstructure. Different annealing temperatures of 760, 800, and840 degrees C were used. The results showed that increasing the annealing temperature led to an increase in the size of alpha colony, alpha plates, and beta grain. The number of aged alpha plates precipitated on the beta matrix also increased. The strength of the alloy increased with annealing temperature, while plasticity decreased.The impact and fracture toughness initially increased and then decreased with annealing temperature. The alloy's toughness was influenced by the size of alpha colony and the synergistic effect of different level alpha phases.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Shu Wang, Yilong Liang, Hao Sun, Xin Feng, Chaowen Huang
Summary: The study aimed to optimize the mechanical properties of TC21 alloys by combining hot rolling with single ageing, and found that the hot-rolled and 520°C aged samples exhibited superior comprehensive properties. It was observed that the rolling process refined the primary alpha phase and precipitated fine secondary alpha phases in the beta transformed microstructure. Overall, the strength and ductility of the TC21 alloy were influenced by the processing methods and ageing temperature.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Zihao Li, Shengsheng Zhao, Zhijun Li, Meng Wang, Fayu Wu, Hongying Wang, Jun Zhou
Summary: This study investigates the inertia friction welding (IFW) process of TC21 alloy and examines the microstructure and mechanical properties of IFW joints through tensile tests. The results reveal that the hardness and tensile strength of IFW joints are higher than that of the base metal, but the plasticity is poorer. The microstructure evolution is identified as the key factor influencing the mechanical properties of TC21 IFW joints.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Honghui Li, Ke Wang, Liping Xin, Renlong Xin, Qing Liu
Summary: The effects of hot rolling and subsequent annealing on microstructure and mechanical behavior of an equiaxed-structure TC21 titanium alloy were investigated. Annealing temperature had a greater influence on microstructure and mechanical properties than annealing time. Increasing annealing temperature led to changes in strength and plasticity, while prolonging annealing time had little effect on mechanical properties.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Dongsheng He, Liuhe Li, Yongxin Zhang, Jiaxuan Chi, Hepeng Zhang, Rujian Sun, Zhigang Che, Hongqiang Zhang, Wei Guo
Summary: The effects of laser shock peening (LSP) on the gradient microstructure evolution, microhardness, residual stress, and fatigue properties of TC21 titanium alloy were investigated. LSP induced various dislocation structures, sub-grain boundaries, and twin structures, resulting in improved microstructure. The fatigue life of the alloy was significantly increased due to the combined effects of microstructure and compressive residual stress.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ali Abdelmoneim, Ramadan N. Elshaer, M. El-Shennawy, Arafa S. Sobh
Summary: This study examined the impact of heat treatment on the dry sliding wear resistance of TC21 titanium alloy at different normal load and sliding speed levels. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used to design the experiment, and OM, FESEM, and XRD analysis were employed for justification of the results. The specimens subjected to water quenching and aging (WQ + Aging) exhibited the highest hardness of 49 HRC but the poorest wear resistance under extreme load and speed conditions (50 N and 3 m/s). On the other hand, those in the annealed condition showed the highest wear resistance despite having lower hardness compared to other conditions. A mathematical polynomial model for wear resistance was developed, validated, and used to determine the optimal parameters.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ali Abdelmoneim, Ramadan N. N. Elshaer, M. El-Shennawy, Arafa S. S. Sobh
Summary: This study investigated the impact of heat treatment processes on the dry sliding wear resistance of TC21 Ti-alloy at various levels of normal load and sliding speed. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used to design the experiment and develop a mathematical model for wear resistance. The results demonstrated that specimens subjected to water quenching and aging had the poorest wear resistance under extreme load and speed conditions, while specimens left in the annealed condition exhibited the highest wear resistance despite having lower hardness levels.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zhongze Yang, Wenchen Xu, Weiqing Zhang, Yu Chen, Debin Shan
Summary: The microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of a low-cost Ti-5.5Al-1Fe-3.5Cr-3.2Zr-0.2Si alloy were studied during power spinning and after different heat treatment routines. An effective heat treatment routine was proposed to fabricate high-strength and ductile Ti-5.5Al-1Fe-3.5Cr-3.2Zr-0.2Si alloy tubes. The relationship between the mechanical performances and microstructures was analyzed. This study provides guidance for the processing and application of low-cost titanium alloy.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jinlong Su, Xiankun Ji, Jin Liu, Jie Teng, Fulin Jiang, Dingfa Fu, Hui Zhang
Summary: (English Summary:)
This study investigates the influence of different cooling methods on the microstructure and dislocation characteristics of Ti-6Al-4V alloy and reveals the decomposition mechanisms of dislocations and metastable alpha' phase and their impact on mechanical properties. The results show that the characteristics of alpha' phase and dislocation density are significantly influenced by the cooling methods. During stabilization annealing treatments, dislocations decompose simultaneously. The decomposition of dislocations and metastable alpha' phase, as well as the formation of specific microstructures during quenching, have a significant influence on the properties of Ti-6Al-4V alloy.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Tan Changsheng, Fan Yiduo, Li Xuejing, Huang Chaowen, He Jiahao, Zhang Guojun
Summary: By using the Step-quenching heat treatment process, the TC21 titanium alloy achieved optimized multi-scale lamellar microstructure with increased hardness and strength, as well as significantly improved crack propagation resistance.
RARE METAL MATERIALS AND ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Xianwei Ye, Mingpan Wan, Chaowen Huang, Min Lei, Shichao Jian, Yuan Zhang, Dan Xu, Fang Huang
Summary: This study reveals the effect of aging temperature on the strength, impact toughness, and fracture toughness of TC21 alloy with multi-level lamellar microstructure. The results show that the aging temperature affects the size of α(s) and the segregation of alloy elements. The microstructure deformation and crack propagation path play a significant role in mechanical properties and fracture behavior.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
Yushi Wang, Shichao Xiu, Shengnan Zhang
Summary: In this study, microstructure evolution and slip mechanism of TC21 titanium alloy in grind hardening and aging treatment were investigated, showing that the hardened layer mainly consisted of TiN. Tensile strength and elongation increased after grind hardening process, with different effects observed in grind hardening and aging treatment. The study also demonstrated a method to deduce slip systems using interior crystall misorientation axis, identifying three major slip systems.
SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Hongying Wang, Zihao Li, Shengsheng Zhao, Zhijun Li, Weijie Tang, Fayu Wu, Jun Zhou
Summary: In this study, TC21 titanium alloy welded joints were successfully formed through inertial friction welding (IFW) processes. The microstructure evolution of the weld zone was investigated using various analysis methods. The results showed significant differences in the microstructure between the weld zone and the base metal, which were mainly attributed to dynamic recrystallization during the welding process and rapid cooling conditions.
