Article
Microbiology
Samantha S. Fontaine, Patrick M. Mineo, Kevin D. Kohl
Summary: The study focused on understanding the forces shaping vertebrate gut microbial community assembly and composition during different development stages, using the eastern newt as a model. Results showed that each life stage of the newt harbored a distinct gut microbial community, influenced by host factors, and the community assembly processes shifted from neutral to selective forces throughout development. Habitat also played a role in determining community membership and diversity.
FEMS MICROBIOLOGY ECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Marine
Shigeru Sato, Rika Kawaura, Kaito Togashi, Nanami Mizusawa, Ko Yasumoto, Kentaro Takada, Masafumi Amano, Shugo Watabe
Summary: This study aimed to determine the amounts of TTX and TTXs in various tissues of toxin-bearing pufferfish and newt using specific antibodies, and compare the results with those by HPLC-FLD. The study also examined the anatomical localization of TTXs and observed differences in TTX distribution between tissues and individuals. Furthermore, it was found that TTXs absorbed from the environment are distributed to various organs or tissues in a species-specific manner, regardless of metabolism within toxin-bearing animals.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Padraic S. Robinson, Drew R. Davis, Sean M. Collins, Richard J. Kline
Summary: The Black-spotted Newt is a poorly studied salamander species, but the use of eDNA surveys in south Texas successfully detected its distribution and identified previously unreported or long-unobserved localities.
GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Simone Lanini, Stefano Milleri, Emanuele Andreano, Sarah Nosari, Ida Paciello, Giulia Piccini, Alessandra Gentili, Adhuna Phogat, Inesa Hyseni, Margherita Leonardi, Alessandro Torelli, Emanuele Montomoli, Andrea Paolini, Andrea Frosini, Andrea Antinori, Emanuele Nicastri, Enrico Girardi, Maria Maddalena Plazzi, Giuseppe Ippolito, Francesco Vaia, Giovanni Della Cioppa, Rino Rappuoli
Summary: The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants poses a new threat to the clinical management of COVID-19. MAD0004J08 is a potent monoclonal antibody that can neutralize all variants, including the omicron variant, with reduced potency. In a phase 1 clinical study, a single dose of MAD0004J08 was found to be safe, well-tolerated, and effective in neutralizing major variants.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ryo Ejima, Hiroyuki Suzuki, Tomohiro Tanaka, Teizo Asano, Mika K. Kaneko, Yukinari Kato
Summary: CD44 is a cell surface glycoprotein with isoforms produced by alternative splicing. CD44 variant exon-containing isoforms (CD44v) are overexpressed in carcinomas, and CD44v6 predicts poor prognosis in colorectal cancer patients. CD44v6 plays important roles in CRC adhesion, proliferation, stemness, invasiveness, and chemoresistance. In this study, anti-CD44 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were developed and characterized for detecting CD44v6 in various applications.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Caroline L. Behr, Karen E. Joynt Maddox, Ellen Meara, Arnold M. Epstein, E. John Orav, Michael L. Barnett
Summary: This study assesses the allocation of limited monoclonal antibody therapy to the Medicare beneficiaries with the highest risk of severe COVID-19 among a population of fee-for-service patients between November 2020 and August 2021.
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Brandon M. Bordeau, Joseph P. Balthasar
Summary: The limited efficacy of monoclonal antibody therapies in solid tumors is due to the abnormal vasculature and dense extracellular matrix of tumors, which hinder mAb transport. Strategies to improve mAb uptake in preclinical studies have not yet translated into clinical success.
CANCER BIOLOGY & MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Keita Yamaki, Kyoka Sato, Yuta Kudo, Yuko Cho, Keiichi Konoki, Tomohiro Takatani, Osamu Arakawa, Kentaro Kawatsu, Mari Yotsu-Yamashita
Summary: This study confirmed the low cross-reactivity of a monoclonal antibody against tetrodotoxin (TTX) to three major TTX analogues in pufferfish using competitive ELISA. The reactivity against TTX was 100%, while the cross-reactivity to 5,6,11-trideoxyTTX, 11-norTTX-6(S)-ol, and 11-oxoTTX was less than 2.2%, 0.3%, and 1.5% respectively. Additionally, the presence of these analogues did not cause overestimation of TTX in pufferfish extracts using competitive ELISA.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hiroyuki Suzuki, Kaishi Kitamura, Nohara Goto, Kenichiro Ishikawa, Tsunenori Ouchida, Tomohiro Tanaka, Mika K. Kaneko, Yukinari Kato
Summary: CD44 promotes tumor progression by recruiting growth factors and acquiring stemness, invasiveness, and drug resistance. We have established various anti-CD44s and anti-CD44v monoclonal antibodies through immunization and in this study, we developed C(44)Mab-6, which could detect CD44v3 in various experiments and has potential applications in tumor diagnosis and therapy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Vipada Khaowroongrueng, Satyawan B. Jadhav, Muzeeb Syed, Mohammad Akbar, Michael Gertz, Michael B. Otteneder, Matthias Fueth, Hartmut Derendorf
Summary: R7072 is a fully human monoclonal antibody that exerts anti-tumor activity by blocking insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor. In tumor-bearing mice, the drug showed target-mediated drug disposition in tumor tissue after dosing.
JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Li-An Chen, Yueh-Hsiang Yu, Wei-Ting Tian, Wei-Chen Lin, Cedric Grauffel, Chun-Yi Wu, Chuan-Lin Chen, Carmay Lim, Hsing-Mao Chu, Tse-Wen Chang, Chi-Jiun Peng
Summary: Antibodies conjugated with diagnostic/therapeutic radionuclides, such as TE-1132, show promise for treating inoperable cancers like pancreatic cancer. TE-1132, composed of α-CA19-9 scFv-Fc conjugated to 3 DOTA chelators, demonstrated high radioactivity and selective tumor accumulation in mouse models. The administration of [Lu-177]Lu-TE-1132 effectively inhibited tumor growth and improved survival without adverse effects.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Xiaomei Leng, Xiange Tang, Pei Hu, Xiaoduo Guan, Qian Li, Cipo Huang, Qiang Zhang, Rui Chen, Xiaofeng Zeng
Summary: WBP216, a novel human IgG1 monoclonal antibody, was assessed for safety, tolerability, PK, and PD in RA patients. The study showed that WBP216 was well tolerated at doses ranging from 10-300 mg. Increased serum concentration and total IL-6, as well as decreased hs-CRP and ESR, were observed in the WBP216 groups. Immunogenicity analysis revealed the presence of anti-drug antibodies in only one subject. Overall, WBP216 demonstrated a good safety profile and potential efficacy in treating RA.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Hong-Ping Chen, Xue-Li Lai, Rui Han, Ya-Fei Duan, Ze-Quan Mo, An-Xing Li, Xue-Ming Dan, Yan-Wei Li
Summary: In this study, a monoclonal antibody against grouper CD4-1 was developed and shown to recognize CD4-1+ cells and investigate their functions in the host immune response against pathogen infection.
FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Zachary A. Yetmar, Joseph D. Yao, Raymund R. Razonable
Summary: Neutralizing antispike monoclonal antibody therapies are effective in preventing COVID-19 hospitalization, but the impact of SARS-CoV-2 variants with spike protein mutations on clinical outcomes is not well understood. A study on solid organ transplant recipients treated with antispike monoclonal antibody revealed common spike codon mutations, but these mutations did not predict the need for hospitalization after treatment.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Andrew H. Karaba, Jake D. Kim, Teresa P. -Y. Chiang, Jennifer L. Alejo, Ioannis Sitaras, Aura T. Abedon, Yolanda Eby, Trevor Scott Johnston, Maggie Li, Tihitina Ayten, Casey Hussey, Alexa Jefferis, Nicole Fortune, Rivka Abedon, Letitia Thomas, Feben Habtehyimer, Jessica Ruff, Daniel S. Warren, Robin K. Avery, William A. Clarke, Andrew Pekosz, Allan B. Massie, Aaron A. R. Tobian, Dorry L. Segev, William A. Werbel
Summary: Neutralizing antibody (nAb) responses are weakened in solid organ transplant recipients (SOTRs) despite being fully vaccinated. Preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with the antibody combination tixagevimab and cilgavimab (T+C) may enhance immune protection, but its activity and durability against Omicron sublineages BA.4/5 in fully vaccinated SOTRs have not been determined. Most fully vaccinated SOTRs receiving T+C PrEP achieved neutralization against BA.4/5, but nAb activity commonly declined after 3 months. It is crucial to evaluate the optimal dose and interval of T+C PrEP to maximize protection against emerging variants.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mohammadhossein Movassaghghazani, Nazanin Shabansalmani
Summary: The study revealed high levels of AFM1 in both breast milk and powdered milk samples in Tehran, with some samples exceeding the established limits. Therefore, monitoring and regulating toxin levels in these products is crucial for maternal and infant health.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Defeng Wen, Wantong Han, Quan Chen, Guanhui Qi, Mengling Gao, Pu Guo, Yu Liu, Zhongyuan Wu, Shulin Fu, Qirong Lu, Yinsheng Qiu
Summary: Luteolin can inhibit FB1-induced intestinal inflammatory injury by inhibiting the activation of NF-kappa B and ERK signaling pathways, according to network pharmacology and in vitro experiments.
