期刊
TOXICON
卷 55, 期 4, 页码 677-691出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2009.10.028
关键词
Cyanotoxin; Microcystin; Nodularin; Cylindrospermopsin; Anatoxin; Saxitoxin; Chlorination; Drinking water; Disinfection; By-products; Toxicity
The occurrence of cyanobacterial blooms is drastically increasing in temperate countries and drinking water resources are threatened. As a result, cyanotoxins should be considered in water treatment to protect human health. This study presents a state of the art on cyanotoxins in water and their behaviour towards chlorination, a common drinking water disinfection process. Chlorination efficiency on cyanotoxins alteration depends on pH, chlorine dose and oxidant nature. Microcystins and cylindrospermopsin are efficiently transformed by chlorine, with respectively 6 and 2 by-products identified. In addition, chlorination of microcystins and cylindrospermopsin is associated with a loss of acute toxicity. Even though they have been less investigated, saxitoxins and nodularins are also altered by chlorine. For these toxins, no by-products have been identified, but the chlorinated mixture does not show acute toxicity. On the contrary, the fact that anatoxin-a has a very slow reaction kinetics suggests that this toxin resists chlorination. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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