Article
Food Science & Technology
Mimi Lay, Qing Liang, Geoffrey K. Isbister, Wayne C. Hodgson
Summary: Daboia siamensis (Russell's viper) is a venomous snake of medical importance in China and Asia. However, there is little information on the pharmacological properties of the Chinese species' venom and no specific antivenom available in China. This study found that the venom of D. siamensis exhibits neurotoxic and myotoxic effects, which can be prevented by Chinese and Thai antivenoms. Non-specific antivenoms were less effective. A monospecific antivenom for D. siamensis envenomation in China should be further developed.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Khin Than Yee, Jason Macrander, Olga Vasieva, Ponlapat Rojnuckarin
Summary: The venom of Russell's viper in Myanmar has been studied using next-generation sequencing, which has revealed the complexity of venom and its potential applications in understanding snakebite pathogenesis and finding new drugs.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Mimi Lay, Qing Liang, Geoffrey K. Isbister, Wayne C. Hodgson
Summary: In this study, the efficacy of Chinese D. siamensis antivenom alone and in combination with Varespladib was examined for reversing neuromuscular blockade caused by the venom. It was found that the antivenom alone was not able to reverse the neurotoxic and myotoxic effects of the venom at different time points. However, the addition of Varespladib prevented these toxic effects and improved muscle function, indicating its potential as an adjunct treatment. The combination of Varespladib and antivenom did not offer additional benefits compared to Varespladib alone.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rafika Yasmin, Shankar Chanchal, Mohammad Zahid Ashraf, Robin Doley
Summary: Daboxin P, derived from the venom of Daboia russellii, inhibits platelet aggregation induced by various agonists, particularly thrombin. It binds to thrombin and blocks its interaction with the platelet surface receptor, thereby reducing thrombin-induced platelet aggregation dose-dependently. The study demonstrates the importance of Daboxin P in regulating blood coagulation and suggests its potential therapeutic application.
JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMICAL AND MOLECULAR TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cheng Zhang, Zhanfeng Zhang, Enyu Liang, Yunlong Gao, Hui Li, Fangfang Xu, Weiye Chen, Ming Liu, Xianzhang Huang
Summary: This study found that patients injured by certain viperid snakes developed thrombocytopenia independent of coagulation abnormalities. Viperid snake venoms induced platelet surface expression of neuraminidase-1 (NEU-1) and significantly increased the desialylation of glycoproteins on human platelets. The desialylated platelets were internalized by macrophages, leading to reduced platelet numbers in peripheral blood. Neuraminidase inhibitor could inhibit platelet desialylation and alleviate thrombocytopenia.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Janeyuth Chaisakul, Orawan Khow, Kulachet Wiwatwarayos, Muhamad Rusdi Ahmad Rusmili, Watcharamon Prasert, Iekhsan Othman, Syafiq Asnawi Zainal Abidin, Mongkon Charoenpitakchai, Wayne C. Hodgson, Lawan Chanhome, Narongsak Chaiyabutr
Summary: This study identified two proteins, RvPLA(2) and RvMP, from the venom of Eastern Russell's viper that cause myotoxicity and tissue inflammation in the heart, kidneys, and spleen. These proteins may lead to acute kidney injury and other systemic symptoms. Therefore, there is a need to reevaluate treatment strategies for Eastern Russell's viper envenoming to address potential irreversible nephrotoxicity.
Article
Oncology
Yan Xiong, Qiyi He, Xiaodong Yu, Bo Li, Ziwei Song
Summary: Our research confirmed the potential anti-ovarian cancer activity of C. adamanteus venom LAAO both in vivo and in vitro. The study also revealed that C. adamanteus venom LAAO caused expression changes in genes related to apoptotic pathways in ovarian cancer cells. Animal experiments and histological analysis further supported the effectiveness of C. adamanteus venom LAAO in inhibiting tissue damage caused by ovarian cancer.
Article
Fisheries
Jiann-Horng Leu, Chi-Hang Tsai, Chia-Hsun Yang, Hsin-Yiu Chou, Hao-Ching Wang
Summary: This study reports the cloning and characterization of a novel fish LAAO gene, EcLAAO2, from orange-spotted grouper, which shows distinct substrate specificity and potential role in combating pathogens.
DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Thales Alves de Melo Fernandes, Samuel Cota Teixeira, Tassia Rafaela Costa, Alessandra Monteiro Rosini, Guilherme de Souza, Lorena Polloni, Bellisa de Freitas Barbosa, Marcelo Jose Barbosa Silva, Eloisa Amalia Vieira Ferro, Veridiana de Melo Rodrigues Avila
Summary: One-third of the world's population is estimated to be affected by toxoplasmosis. The study found that BjussuLAAO-II, an L-amino acid oxidase isolated from Bothrops jararacussu, can inhibit the growth and invasion of Toxoplasma gondii in human trophoblast cells and human villous explants. This antiparasitic effect is associated with the production of reactive oxygen species and cytokine changes. The findings contribute to the potential development of agents against congenital toxoplasmosis.
MICROBES AND INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Fawei Zhu, Tianqi Yuan, Wang Jing, Kai Chen, Lumin Wang, Qiachi Fu, Jianping Guan, Miao Chen, Qi Liu, Hua Yang, Xiaoqing Chen
Summary: A low-cost, high-throughput photoresponsive strategy for the sensing of amino acid enantiomers was proposed, utilizing the oxidation reactions of amino acid oxidase and substrate with an aromatic boronic ester. The method demonstrated sensitive detection of D/L-AA concentrations through the colorimetric and fluorescent response of the probe HBT-PB to H2O2. The practicality and adaptability of the scheme were confirmed by accurate analysis of methionine and Dopa samples, highlighting its potential for high-throughput screening and sensitive analysis.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Eduardo Oliveira Venancio de Lima, Lidia Jorge Tasima, Daniela Miki Hatakeyama, Caroline Serino-Silva, Caroline Fabri Bittencourt Rodrigues, Nathalia da Costa Galizio, Tassia Chiarelli, Erika Sayuri Nishiduka, Marisa Maria Teixeira da Rocha, Savio Stefanini Sant'Anna, Kathleen Fernandes Grego, Alexandre Keiji Tashima, Anita Mitico Tanaka-Azevedo, Karen de Morais-Zani
Summary: The study found that long-term captive maintenance increases the expression of L-amino acid oxidase (LAAO) in Crotalus durissus terrificus venom. This was identified through various methods, including enzymatic activity evaluation, SDS-PAGE, Western blotting, ELISA, and mass spectrometry analysis. The presence of LAAO was significantly higher in the venom of long-term captive individuals compared to recently wild-caught specimens.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nam Truong, Trinh T. T. Phan, Tzu-Sheng Hsu, Phan Phu Duc, Lih-Yuan Lin, Wen-Guey Wu
Summary: Snake venom L-amino acid oxidases (svLAAOs) are potential candidates for anticancer therapeutics. This study reveals the conserved catalytic residue His 223 in the viperid svLAAO clade but not in the elapid svLAAO clade. The elapid svLAAO NK-LAAO shows high catalytic activity and induces oxidative stress-mediated cytotoxicity in cancer cells. However, cancer cells deploy a tolerant mechanism to dampen the anticancer activities of NK-LAAO through IL-6 expression via the Panx1/iCa2+ signaling pathway.
Article
Toxicology
Suchitra Khunsap, Kanyanat Promruangreang, Sunutcha Suntrarachun, Jureeporn Noiphrom, Orawan Khow
Summary: The study found that purified PLA2 has the potential to induce local inflammation more than total RVV, showing stronger correlation with leukocyte counts, lipid mediators, and COX-2.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Mauro Valentino Paloschi, Charles Nunes Boeno, Jessica Amaral Lopes, Cristina Matiele Alves Rego, Milena Daniela Souza Silva, Hallison Mota Santana, Suzanne Nery Serrath, Yoda Janaina Ikenohuchi, Braz Junior Campos Farias, Katia Paula Felipin, Neriane Monteiro Nery, Valdison Pereira dos Reis, Caleb Torres de Lima Lemos, Jaina Rodrigues Evangelista, Sulamita da Silva Setubal, Andreimar Martins Soares, Juliana Pavan Zuliani
Summary: This study reveals that Cr-LAAO activates the NLRP3 inflammasome complex through ROS generation, leading to local inflammatory effects in snakebite victims.
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Elena V. Lukasheva, Gulalek Babayeva, Saida Sh. Karshieva, Dmitry D. Zhdanov, Vadim S. Pokrovsky
Summary: L-lysine alpha-oxidase (LO), as a type of anticancer enzyme, exhibits various activities such as antitumor and antimetastatic effects, targeting tumor growth by depleting L-lysine and producing H2O2.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mohammadhossein Movassaghghazani, Nazanin Shabansalmani
Summary: The study revealed high levels of AFM1 in both breast milk and powdered milk samples in Tehran, with some samples exceeding the established limits. Therefore, monitoring and regulating toxin levels in these products is crucial for maternal and infant health.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Defeng Wen, Wantong Han, Quan Chen, Guanhui Qi, Mengling Gao, Pu Guo, Yu Liu, Zhongyuan Wu, Shulin Fu, Qirong Lu, Yinsheng Qiu
Summary: Luteolin can inhibit FB1-induced intestinal inflammatory injury by inhibiting the activation of NF-kappa B and ERK signaling pathways, according to network pharmacology and in vitro experiments.