Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ning Lv, Chunyan Huang, Haoyan Huang, Zhiqiang Dong, Xijing Chen, Chengcan Lu, Yongjie Zhang
Summary: Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are important metabolic enzymes that play essential roles in detoxification and have diverse activities in various diseases. Much research has been done on GST overexpression in tumor drug resistance, leading to the development of GST inhibitors for the treatment of drug-resistant tumors. In recent years, novel roles of GSTs in other diseases have also been recognized. This review summarizes the roles of GSTs in diseases, inventories specific GST inhibitors, and discusses their potential applications in targeting cell signaling pathways and intracellular processes.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Yulin Zhao, Haoyan Huang, Ning Lv, Chunyan Huang, Huili Chen, Han Xing, Chaorui Guo, Ning Li, Di Zhao, Xijing Chen, Yongjie Zhang
Summary: In this study, the thiol-GSH conjugates of GP, termed M532-1 and M532-2, were identified for the first time. The catalytic activities of GSTs were investigated both in vitro and in vivo. It was found that GSTA1-1 and GSTA4-4 exhibited high activity in the formation of both thiol-GSH conjugates, with GSTA4-4 specifically catalyzing M532-2 formation in vitro. The study demonstrated the inactivation of GP by GSTs and suggested that interindividual variability of GSTs may be a risk factor for susceptibility to GE-induced hepatotoxicity.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Chao Hu, Ji-Yuan Liu, Wei Wang, David Mota-Sanchez, Shun He, Yu Shi, Xue-Qing Yang
Summary: This study reports the involvement of GSTs in lambda-cyhalothrin resistance in the globally quarantined fruit pest Cydia pomonella. Most GST genes were upregulated in response to exposure to lambda-cyhalothrin, and their mRNA levels were considerably higher in a resistant population compared to susceptible strains. Recombinant CpGSTd3 was found to have the highest metabolic rate for lambda-cyhalothrin, supporting the role of GSTs in sequestration of the insecticide.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Irfan Ali Sabir, Muhammad Aamir Manzoor, Iftikhar Hussain Shah, Xunju Liu, Songtao Jiu, Jiyuan Wang, Pravej Alam, Muhammad Abdullah, Caixi Zhang
Summary: In this study, 67 GST genes were identified in the sweet cherry genome, classified into seven chief subfamilies according to phylogenetic tree analysis. Most PavGST genes showed relatively well-maintained exon-intron and motif arrangement within the same group, as revealed by gene structure and motif analyses. The findings provide a foundation for future research on LED-induced anthocyanin and antioxidants accumulation in sweet cherries.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rahul Raj Singh, Katie M. Reindl
Summary: The GST protein family in humans plays a crucial role in antioxidant defense, with overactive GST proteins commonly observed in many human cancers, contributing to tumorigenesis through various processes. Structural and pharmacological studies have identified GST inhibitors that are currently in clinical trials for cancer treatment and other diseases.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shuxia Zhang, Mengling Chen, Liwei Meng, Jinjun Wang, Guorui Yuan
Summary: BdGSTd5 plays an important role in malathion resistance by detoxifying malathion and its toxic oxide malaoxon through binding with them.
PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Gulab Rangani, Matheus Noguera, Reiofeli Salas-Perez, Lariza Benedetti, Nilda Roma-Burgos
Summary: The study investigated the molecular mechanisms of resistance to the herbicide S-metolachlor in glyphosate-resistant Palmer amaranth populations in Arkansas as early as 2014. The resistance was mainly driven by GSTs, causing metabolic resistance in roots. The analysis of candidate genes revealed similarities with known detoxifying GSTs, suggesting elevated baseline expression and inducibility by S-metolachlor in resistant plants.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aslam M. A. Mazari, Leilei Zhang, Zhi-Wei Ye, Jie Zhang, Kenneth D. Tew, Danyelle M. Townsend
Summary: The cytosolic glutathione S-transferase (GST) family in humans, consisting of 16 genes in seven classes, shares structural similarity and overlapping functionalities. Apart from their primary role in Phase II metabolism, GSTs also regulate stress-induced signaling pathways and contribute to drug resistance in tumors. Recent studies found that GST genetic polymorphisms are associated with increased risk and severity of COVID-19. These functional properties make GSTs potential targets for therapeutics, and GST inhibitors have progressed in clinical trials to treat cancer and other diseases.
Article
Plant Sciences
Yuwei Cao, Leifeng Xu, Hua Xu, Panpan Yang, Guoren He, Yuchao Tang, Xianyu Qi, Meng Song, Jun Ming
Summary: The study identified the LhGST gene in Asiatic hybrid lilies, which may be involved in anthocyanin sequestration and transport in lily tepals. Functional analysis confirmed the role of LhGST in anthocyanin accumulation. Additionally, the promoter of LhGST contains various hormone- and stress-responsive elements, and is regulated by a MYB transcription factor.
PLANT CELL REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Yu-Wen Zhao, Chu-Kun Wang, Xiao-Yu Huang, Da-Gang Hu
Summary: Anthocyanins play vital biological roles in plant growth and development, with GSTs being essential for their transportation. The study identified 38 GST genes in the apple genome and found 32 orthologous gene pairs between apple and Arabidopsis. MdGSTU12 was significantly correlated with anthocyanin variation in apple, indicating its importance in anthocyanin accumulation.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Xiaoyu Duan, Xuejing Yu, Yidan Wang, Wei Fu, Ruifang Cao, Lu Yang, Xueling Ye
Summary: This study identified and analyzed 46 GST genes in cucumber, and found that most of these genes respond to cold stress. GO and KEGG analysis suggested that these genes may respond to cold stress through glutathione metabolism.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
E. A. Vodiasova, Y. V. Meger, A. O. Lantushenko
Summary: GST superfamily plays a crucial role in xenobiotic metabolism and cellular protection against negative external factors. Research on these genes in marine invertebrates is limited. The transcriptome analysis of mussel M. galloprovincialis revealed ten classes of GSTs, including seven new classes, indicating a greater gene variety of detoxifying enzymes than expected.
COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS
(2021)
Article
Entomology
Marija Vukcevic, Aleksandra Nikolic-Kokic, Ivan Aleksic, Sanja Todorovic, Zorana Orescanin-Dusic, Dusko Blagojevic, Dragana Despot
Summary: Controlling the number of ticks as carriers of infectious diseases is important, but their protective mechanisms can complicate the process. We investigated the relationship between tick abundance and glutathione-S-transferases activity (GSTs) after pyrethroid treatment. We collected ticks from six locations in Belgrade, tested their GSTs activity, and correlated it with tick numbers. The results showed a correlation between tick abundance and GSTs activity. Treatment efficiency varied by location but was similar in both spring and autumn. GSTs activity reflects the influence of local chemicals and pyrethroid, indicating its potential for improving tick removal practices.
JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Xiaomin Liu, Dan Zhao, Xian Xu, Libing Yuan, Bochui Zhao, Binghua Li, Xinli Guo, Guiqi Wang
Summary: This study identified and analyzed the GST gene family in maize in response to nicosulfuron stress, revealing differences in gene expression patterns between tolerant and sensitive maize plants. The findings contribute to further understanding of the role of glutathione S-transferases in maize herbicide detoxification and stress response.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Jia-Nan Liu, Jing-Hui Xi, Zhun Wang, Shi-Wen Zhao, Xiao Wang, Yun-Wei Bu, Ke-Xin Zhou, Yu Pan, Shang Wang
Summary: In this study, 31 glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) were identified from the antennal transcriptome of Holotrichia parallela, with HpGSTd1 showing the highest expression level. Recombinant HpGSTd1 was found to have degradation activity towards various unsaturated aldehyde volatiles, and the metabolite of cinnamaldehyde was identified using high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). Molecular docking analysis and site-directed mutagenesis revealed the key residues of HpGSTd1 involved in odorant degradation. The unsaturated aldehyde volatiles also elicited behavioral and electrophysiological responses in H. parallela. These findings suggest that HpGSTd1 plays an essential role in inactivating odorants in this underground pest, providing new insights for identifying molecular targets and exploring effective olfactory regulators.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)