Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gabriel Berdugo-Vega, Shonali Dhingra, Federico Calegari
Summary: This article reviews a wealth of research in cellular, anatomical, behavioral, and computational studies on the mammalian hippocampus, aiming to understand the fundamental mechanisms underlying cognition. Despite accumulating knowledge on how the hippocampus processes and stores information for learning and memory, our understanding of hippocampal cognitive function remains incomplete. The article discusses the structural separability of the two blades of the dentate gyrus in the hippocampus and proposes a model that suggests differences in connectivity and adult neurogenesis in the two blades may contribute to subtly different cognitive functions.
Review
Neurosciences
Jesse D. Cushman, Michael R. Drew, Franklin B. Krasne
Summary: The primary function of juvenile and adult hippocampal neurogenesis appears to be allowing behavioral experience to shape connectivity in the dentate gyrus and optimize hippocampal circuits for future learning. This environmental sculpting reduces overlap among memory representations, provides more information, and allows for more memories to be stored accurately. The decline of neurogenesis prior to adulthood may be explained by this prospective function of sculpting hippocampal circuits.
PROGRESS IN NEUROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Greer S. Kirshenbaum, Chia-Yuan Chang, Maria Bompolaki, Victoria R. Bradford, Joseph Bell, Stylianos Kosmidis, Rebecca M. Shansky, Javier Orlandi, Lisa M. Savage, Alexander Z. Harris, E. David Leonardo, Alex Dranovsky
Summary: Adult neurogenesis is reduced during aging and impaired in stress, memory, and cognition disorders, but its normal function is still unclear. This study found that long-term suppression of neurogenesis led to a decline in hippocampal acetylcholine signaling and working memory deficits. However, compensatory reorganization of the cholinergic dentate gyrus inputs and recruitment of different neuronal projections helped correct the memory dysfunction. These findings highlight the importance of hippocampal neurogenesis in memory maintenance and provide insights into the progressive nature of memory deterioration.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Ala Ahrari, Maurice Meseke, Eckart Foerster
Summary: Granule cell dispersion (GCD) is considered a pathological feature of temporal lobe epilepsy. Early epileptiform activity may be linked to the development of chronic epilepsy, and electrical activity during neuronal migration and differentiation is believed to contribute to GCD.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Sarah Houben, Megane Homa, Zehra Yilmaz, Karelle Leroy, Jean-Pierre Brion, Kunie Ando
Summary: AHN plays a critical role in sustaining hippocampal functions such as learning and memory, and impaired AHN in AD patients may contribute to cognitive deficits. NFTs and amyloid plaques are key neuropathological hallmarks of AD, with abnormal tau protein accumulation impacting AHN. Further research is needed to fully understand the relationship between tau pathology and AHN.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rada Jeremic, Sanja Pekovic, Irena Lavrnja, Ivana Bjelobaba, Marina Djelic, Sanja Dacic, Predrag Brkic
Summary: A growing body of evidence suggests that hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO) can affect the activity of adult neural stem cells (NSCs). In this study, the effects of sensorimotor cortex ablation (SCA) and HBO treatment (HBOT) on neurogenesis in the adult dentate gyrus (DG) were investigated. The results showed that SCA caused significant loss of neurons in the DG, while HBOT prevented the reduction of dendritic arborization and increased proliferation of progenitor cells.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Sebastian B. Arredondo, Daniela Valenzuela-Bezanilla, Sebastian H. Santibanez, Lorena Varela-Nallar
Summary: The subgranular zone of the hippocampal dentate gyrus is a neurogenic niche that contains neural stem cells capable of generating granule neurons. Wnt ligands play diverse roles in regulating adult hippocampal neurogenesis. Understanding the cellular source and mechanisms of Wnt signaling will be crucial for future therapeutic interventions.
Review
Neurosciences
Chuanqi Liu, Jiayin Liu, Hong Gong, Tianyao Liu, Xin Li, Xiaotang Fan
Summary: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by atypical social communication and repetitive sensory-motor behaviors. Emerging evidence suggests that deficits in hippocampal neurogenesis may play a significant role in the abnormal behaviors observed in ASD. This review summarizes pre-clinical and clinical studies supporting the importance of hippocampal neurogenesis in the pathogenesis of ASD, discusses the potential of enhancing hippocampal neurogenesis as a new therapeutic strategy for ASD, and highlights the prospects of pro-neurogenic therapies for ASD.
CURRENT NEUROPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Virendra Tiwari, Akanksha Mishra, Sonu Singh, Shubha Shukla
Summary: Neural stem cells (NSCs) are the functional and developmental unit of neurogenesis, and they have the ability to self-renew and generate new neurons in different neurogenic niches. Neurogenesis in adult brain is associated with synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory, particularly in the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus and olfactory bulb. Impaired neurogenesis has been implicated as a culprit in age-associated neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). This review provides evidence for the association between impaired neurogenesis and AD, and discusses the molecular and cellular regulation of neurogenesis in the young and aging brain. The review also summarizes therapeutic strategies for targeting the manipulation of the neural stem cell pool and factors affecting this pool in AD.
ACS CHEMICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Dionnet L. Bhatti, Lucian Medrihan, Michelle X. Chen, Junghee Jin, Kathryn A. McCabe, Wei Wang, Estefania P. Azevedo, Jose H. Ledo, Yong Kim
Summary: This study reveals the roles of PV neurons in stress susceptibility or resilience, and suggests that modulating the activity of PV neurons or a regulator of L-type calcium signaling in PV neurons can control the behavioral effects of chronic stress.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yi Zhou, Yijing Su, Shiying Li, Benjamin C. Kennedy, Daniel Y. Zhang, Allison M. Bond, Yusha Sun, Fadi Jacob, Lu Lu, Peng Hu, Angela N. Viaene, Ingo Helbig, Sudha K. Kessler, Timothy Lucas, Ryan D. Salinas, Xiaosong Gu, H. Isaac Chen, Hao Wu, Joel E. Kleinman, Thomas M. Hyde, David W. Nauen, Daniel R. Weinberger, Guo-li Ming, Hongjun Song
Summary: This study identified molecular characteristics of immature dentate granule cells (imGCs) in the adult human hippocampus using single-nucleus RNA sequencing, revealing common molecular hallmarks across the lifespan and age-dependent transcriptional dynamics. The study also showed a decreased number of imGCs in Alzheimer's disease and demonstrated neurogenesis in the adult human hippocampus.
Article
Biology
Tzong-Shiue Yu, Yacine Tensaouti, Elizabeth P. Stephanz, Sana Chintamen, Elizabeth E. Rafikian, Mu Yang, Steven G. Kernie
Summary: The study by Tzong-Shiue Yu et al. demonstrates that ablation of astrocytic ApoE in mice leads to decreased dendritic complexity in newborn dentate gyrus neurons and cognitive impairment, highlighting the role of ApoE in injury-induced neurogenesis following TBI.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lucas Alexandre Santos Marzano, Fabyolla Lucia Macedo de Castro, Caroline Amaral Machado, Joao Luis Vieira Monteiro de Barros, Thiago Macedo e Cordeiro, Ana Cristina Simoes e Silva, Antonio Lucio Teixeira, Aline Silva de Miranda
Summary: Traumatic brain injury is a serious cause of disability and death, and neurogenesis may provide potential benefits for its treatment.
CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Dinesh Upadhya, Sahithi Attaluri, Yan Liu, Bharathi Hattiangady, Olagide W. Castro, Bing Shuai, Yi Dong, Su-Chun Zhang, Ashok K. Shetty
Summary: The study found that transplanted interneurons can directly regulate spontaneous recurrent seizures (SRS) and specific cognitive functions in a rat model of chronic temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE).
NPJ REGENERATIVE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Yu-Ting Wei, Jei-Wei Wu, Chia-Wei Yeh, Hung-Chang Shen, Kun-Pin Wu, Imre Vida, Cheng-Chang Lien
Summary: VIP+ INs in the DG region of the hippocampus exhibit a high degree of morpho-physiological diversity, with their axons branching in different layers. These INs display variable intrinsic properties and discharge patterns without clear correlation with their morphologies. They show a long latency response to cortical inputs and selectively regulate inhibitory INs over glutamatergic principal neurons through disinhibition mechanisms.
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Junta Nakahara, Yasunori Masubuchi, Kazumi Takashima, Yasunori Takahashi, Ryo Ichikawa, Tomohiro Nakao, Mihoko Koyanagi, Robert R. Maronpot, Toshinori Yoshida, Shim-mo Hayashi, Makoto Shibutani
Summary: The study found that 0.1% CUR improved anti-anxiety behavior and altered gene expression in the hippocampus, while 0.5% CUR increased oxidative stress and neuroinflammation-related genes. Low doses of CUR may have a preventive use in mitigating stress disorders, but high doses could induce neuroinflammation that hinders its behavioral effects.
NUTRITION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Risako Yamashita, Yasunori Takahashi, Kazumi Takashima, Hiromu Okano, Ryota Ojiro, Qian Tang, Satomi Kikuchi, Mio Kobayashi, Bunichiro Ogawa, Meilan Jin, Reiji Kubota, Yoshiaki Ikarashi, Toshinori Yoshida, Makoto Shibutani
Summary: The study found dose-related accumulation of Pb in the offspring brain after developmental exposure, leading to sustained neural damage and neuroinflammatory responses in adulthood. Suppressed differentiation of type-3 neural progenitor cells was observed, resulting in an increased number of immature granule cells in adulthood. Additionally, induction of cellular senescence of SGZ cells due to Pb genotoxicity was suggested.
Article
Toxicology
Kenji Nakamura, Yuji Ishii, Shinji Takasu, Takehiko Nohmi, Makoto Shibutani, Kumiko Ogawa
Summary: This study clarified the role of chromosome aberrations (CAs) in chemical-induced carcinogenesis using a rat model with acetamide, a non-mutagenic hepatocarcinogen. Results showed that CAs induced by acetamide played a pivotal role in hepatocarcinogenesis in rats via micronucleus formation, highlighting the potential of chromosome rearrangements in chemical carcinogenesis.
ARCHIVES OF TOXICOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Mohamed Elbadawy, Yomogi Sato, Takashi Mori, Yuta Goto, Kimika Hayashi, Megumi Yamanaka, Daigo Azakami, Tsuyoshi Uchide, Ryuji Fukushima, Toshinori Yoshida, Makoto Shibutani, Mio Kobayashi, Yuta Shinohara, Amira Abugomaa, Masahiro Kaneda, Hideyuki Yamawaki, Tatsuya Usui, Kazuaki Sasaki
Summary: The study revealed that trametinib has anti-tumor effects on bladder cancer organoids, inhibiting cell viability even at low concentrations. Trametinib also induces differentiation of organoid cells from basal to luminal, suppressing tumor growth, and shows enhanced sensitivity in combination with YAP inhibitor or carboplatin.
CANCER BIOLOGY & THERAPY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ayumi Eguchi, Sayaka Mizukami, Misato Nakamura, Sousuke Masuda, Hirotada Murayama, Masashi Kawashima, Mari Inohana, Rei Nagahara, Mio Kobayashi, Risako Yamashita, Suzuka Uomoto, Emi Makino, Ryoichi Ohtsuka, Naofumi Takahashi, Shim-Mo Hayashi, Robert R. Maronpot, Makoto Shibutani, Toshinori Yoshida
Summary: The study suggests that MNZ may induce steatosis-related hepatocarcinogenesis in HFD-fed rats by inducing DNA double-strand breaks and modulating autophagy.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Pathology
Saori Shimizu, Rena Okada, Megu Itahashi, Masako Imaoka, Gye-Hyeong Woo, Toshinori Yoshida, Makoto Shibutani
Summary: A 10-year-old spayed female Border Collie was diagnosed with a ductal adenocarcinoma in the spleen, which was identified based on histological features and immunohistochemical labeling patterns consistent with ectopic exocrine pancreas tissue.
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE PATHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hiromu Okano, Kazumi Takashima, Yasunori Takahashi, Ryota Ojiro, Qian Tang, Shunsuke Ozawa, Bunichiro Ogawa, Mihoko Koyanagi, Robert R. Maronpot, Toshinori Yoshida, Makoto Shibutani
Summary: The present study investigated the role of neuroinflammation and brain oxidative stress induced by neonatal treatment with lipopolysaccharides (LPS) on the development of autism spectrum disorder (ASD)-like behaviors and disruptive hippocampal neurogenesis in rats by exploring the chemopreventive effects of alpha-glycosyl isoquercitrin (AGIQ) as an antioxidant.
CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Mio Kobayashi, Risako Yamashita, Ryo Ichikawa, Makoto Shibutani, Toshinori Yoshida
Summary: The clumps of epithelial cells found in a mouse model of ulcerative colitis were likely derived from stem cells or their daughter progenitor cells. These clumps expressed stem cell markers and showed potential for mucosal healing.
DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Toxicology
Ryota Ojiro, Yousuke Watanabe, Hiromu Okano, Yasunori Takahashi, Kazumi Takashima, Qian Tang, Shunsuke Ozawa, Fumiyo Saito, Yumi Akahori, Meilan Jin, Toshinori Yoshida, Makoto Shibutani
Summary: The neurotoxic patterns of VPA differ between developmental and postpubertal exposure, with developmental exposure affecting genes related to nervous system development and postpubertal exposure impacting genes related to neuronal differentiation and projection. The hippocampal dentate gyrus may be a sensitive target of developmental neurotoxicants after puberty.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Toxicology
Saori Shimizu, Natsuno Maeda, Yasunori Takahashi, Suzuka Uomoto, Keisuke Takesue, Ryota Ojiro, Qian Tang, Shunsuke Ozawa, Hiromu Okano, Kazumi Takashima, Gye-Hyeong Woo, Toshinori Yoshida, Makoto Shibutani
Summary: The 28-day exposure of young-adult rats to aluminum chloride (AlCl3) resulted in differential effects on hippocampal neurogenesis compared to developmental exposure. AlCl3 targeted neural stem cells and neural progenitor cells, leading to disrupted neurogenesis.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Toxicology
Yasunori Takahashi, Hiromu Okano, Kazumi Takashima, Ryota Ojiro, Qian Tang, Shunsuke Ozawa, Bunichiro Ogawa, Gye-Hyeong Woo, Toshinori Yoshida, Makoto Shibutani
Summary: Drinking alcohol during pregnancy can cause harm to the fetus. Studies on rats have shown that high doses of ethanol can disrupt hippocampal neurogenesis and suppress synaptic plasticity. Ethanol exposure also induces neuroinflammation.
TOXICOLOGY LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Toxicology
Ryo Ichikawa, Sosuke Masuda, Junta Nakahara, Mio Kobayashi, Risako Yamashita, Suzuka Uomoto, Ohshima Kanami, Yuko Itoi, Makoto Shibutani, Toshinori Yoshida
Summary: This study investigated the effects of autophagy inducer carbamazepine (CBZ) on early hepatocarcinogenesis induced by a high-fat diet and streptozotocin. The results showed that inhibition of autophagy and induction of NADPH oxidase subunit might contribute to the development of early hepatocellular carcinoma in this model.
JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Pathology
Toshinori Yoshida, Mio Kobayashi, Suzuka Uomoto, Kanami Ohshima, Emika Hara, Yoshitaka Katoh, Naofumi Takahashi, Takanori Harada, Tatsuya Usui, Mohamed Elbadawy, Makoto Shibutani
Summary: The development of in vitro toxicity assessment methods using cultured cells has gained popularity for promoting animal welfare in animal experiments. This article briefly discusses the current status of hepatoxicity assessment using human and rat-derived hepatocytes, focusing on the liver organoid method. It also proposes how toxicologic pathologists should assess toxicity regarding the distribution of undifferentiated and differentiated cells in the organoid.
JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGIC PATHOLOGY
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
Misato Miyai, Maky Otsuka, Ayaka Tsuchimoto, Makoto Shibutani, Katsuhide Igarashi
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Mio Kobayashi, Toshinori Yoshida, Risako Yamashita, Rho Ichikawa, Junta Nakahara, Kazuki Nakamura, Hiromu Okano, Yasunori Takahashi, Nanao Ito, Makoto Shibutani
Summary: A case of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma was found in a 17-year-old female koala at a zoo, with histopathological identification showing invasive features and metastatic lesions in the lung and axillary lymph node. This is the first reported case of SCC in a koala digit.
JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2021)