Review
Biochemical Research Methods
Kathryn L. Corbin, Hannah L. West, Samantha Brodsky, Nicholas B. Whitticar, William J. Koch, Craig S. Nunemaker
Summary: Insufficient insulin secretion is a key aspect of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Proper isolation of viable and functional islets is essential for research and transplantation. This review provides a history of islet isolation procedures and serves as a practical guide, discussing key elements and techniques for obtaining high-quality mouse islets for research purposes.
BIOLOGICAL PROCEDURES ONLINE
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Shichen Huang, Zhiyuan Li, Yuhan Sun, Baiyi Chen, Yuxin Jiang, Feng Hong
Summary: CD34 could serve as a biomarker for islet beta-cells, with its expression and number being inversely correlated with islet alpha-cells. This suggests the potential of CD34 as a diagnostic biomarker for early diabetes.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Henner Zirpel, Bart O. Roep
Summary: Type 1 diabetes is believed to be caused by autoimmune attack on insulin-producing β-cells, triggered by immune system errors. Islet-resident macrophages and dendritic cells play a crucial role in the onset and development of T1D by linking stressed β-cells with activation of the adaptive immune system. Understanding the interaction between β-cells and innate immune cells can offer new insights into disease initiation and potential treatment options.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Darren M. O'Hara, Minesh Kapadia, Susan Ping, Suneil K. Kalia, Lorraine Kalia
Summary: Estimation of dopaminergic neuron number in the substantia nigra is crucial for Parkinson's disease research. This study introduces an image analysis platform for accurate quantification and demonstrates its efficiency in detecting changes in neuron number. The method provides a time-efficient and accurate process for evaluating the effects of interventions on cell survival.
JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Burcak Yesildag, Joan Mir-Coll, Aparna Neelakandhan, Claire B. Gibson, Nikole R. Perdue, Chantal Rufer, Maria Karsai, Adelinn Biernath, Felix Forschler, Patricia Wu Jin, Patrick M. Misun, Alexandra Title, Andreas Hierlemann, Frederik F. Kreiner, Johnna D. Wesley, Matthias G. von Herrath
Summary: In this study, three in-vitro islet-immune injury models were established to investigate the immunopathogenesis of type 1 diabetes. The results showed that liraglutide protected pancreatic cells from immune attack.
CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mollie K. Huber, Denise M. Drotar, Helmut Hiller, Maria L. Beery, Paul Joseph, Irina Kusmartseva, Stephan Speier, Mark A. Atkinson, Clayton E. Mathews, Edward A. Phelps
Summary: Live pancreatic tissue slices offer a novel approach to studying islet physiology and function while preserving tissue viability, function, and underlying pathologies. This method allows for the maintenance of complex structures and cellular interactions for in-depth research on the pancreas.
JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Marine De Burghgrave, Chloe Lourenco, Claire Berthault, Virginie Aiello, Adrian Villalba, Alexis Fouque, Marc Diedisheim, Sylvaine You, Masaya Oshima, Raphael Scharfmann
Summary: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease characterized by destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells. This study demonstrates that alpha and delta cells, in addition to beta cells, are also sensitive to the cytokine IFN gamma. The differential sensitivity of beta cells to IFN gamma is dependent on cell location within the islet, rather than the presence of distinct beta cell subsets. These findings provide new insights into the inflammatory processes occurring in T1D progression.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Emma L. Vanderlaan, Joshua Sexton, Carmella Evans-Molina, Adrian Buganza Tepole, Sherry L. Voytik-Harbin
Summary: This study presents a novel three-dimensional microphysiological system (MPS) that improves the health and function of pancreatic beta cells. By incorporating a polymerizable collagen scaffold, the MPS restores biophysical support and mechanobiological cues to the islets, leading to increased viability and function. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the MPS compared to traditional suspension culture formats.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Butian Wei, Xin Zhang, Jiwei Qian, Zhe Tang, Bo Zhang
Summary: Nrf2 is an important intracellular regulator of antioxidant stress, regulating not only antioxidant function but also insulin secretion, proliferation, and differentiation of beta cells, ER stress, and mitochondrial function. Pharmacological activation of Nrf2 has been shown to protect islet cells during different stages of transplantation in experiments.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lotte Goyvaerts, Anica Schraenen, Katleen Lemaire, Peter in't Veld, Ilse Smolders, Luc Maroteaux, Frans Schuit
Summary: Islet serotonin and 5-HT2B receptors are not necessary for beta cell proliferation during normal mouse pregnancy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xinzhi Li, Ying Yang, Zheng Chen
Summary: This study reveals the essential role of YTHDC1 in maintaining beta-cell function and suggests that its downregulation in type 2 diabetes may be attributed to lipotoxicity and chronic inflammation.
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2023)
Review
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Nathaniel J. Hogrebe, Matthew Ishahak, Jeffrey R. Millman
Summary: The generation of islet-like endocrine clusters from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) has great potential for diabetes treatment. To be widely adopted, highly functional and well-characterized stem cell-derived islets (SC-is-lets) need to be manufactured at scale. This review discusses recent advances in generating and characterizing SC-is-lets, as well as strategies to ensure graft viability and safety after transplantation.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Kikuko Amo-Shiinoki, Katsuya Tanabe, Yoshinobu Hoshii, Hiroto Matsui, Risa Harano, Tatsuya Fukuda, Takato Takeuchi, Ryotaro Bouchi, Tokiyo Takagi, Masayuki Hatanaka, Komei Takeda, Shigeru Okuya, Wataru Nishimura, Atsushi Kudo, Shinji Tanaka, Minoru Tanabe, Takumi Akashi, Tetsuya Yamada, Yoshihiro Ogawa, Eiji Ikeda, Hiroaki Nagano, Yukio Tanizawa
Summary: The study reveals that there is a significant presence of dedifferentiation in diabetic islets in Japanese individuals, leading to beta cell loss. As the disease progresses, the proportion of dedifferentiated cells increases substantially, indicating that islet remodeling with dedifferentiation is the underlying cause of beta cell failure during the course of diabetes progression in humans.
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Patil Rashmi, Aswar Urmila, Akotkar Likhit, Bodhankar Subhash, Gurav Shailendra
Summary: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a potentially morbid condition associated with various health complications, and the increasing prevalence worldwide necessitates research into new antidiabetic compounds. In order to advance knowledge and develop new drugs, experimental induction of DM in preclinical settings is crucial for understanding pathogenesis. This review examines different in vivo models of Type I and Type II DM induced by chemical, surgical, genetic, and pathogen-related methods, and identifies chemically induced DM with streptozotocin as the most preferred model. The review aims to provide researchers with an understanding of DM pathophysiology and guidance in selecting appropriate animal models.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Gaelle Rached, Youakim Saliba, Dina Maddah, Joelle Hajal, Viviane Smayra, Jules-Joel Bakhos, Klaus Groschner, Lutz Birnbaumer, Nassim Fares
Summary: This study investigates the role of TRPC3, a non-selective cation channel, in the regulation of insulin secretion and glucose control. The results show that TRPC3 is involved in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and is functionally expressed in human and mouse islet beta cells. Activation of TRPC3 enhances insulin secretion and improves diabetes symptoms in animal models.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aida Martinez-Sanchez, Marie-Sophie Nguyen-Tu, Ines Cebola, Arash Yavari, Piero Marchetti, Lorenzo Piemonti, Eelco de Koning, A. M. James Shapiro, Paul Johnson, Kei Sakamoto, David M. Smith, Isabelle Leclerc, Houman Ashrafian, Jorge Ferrer, Guy A. Rutter
Correction
Immunology
Madhav Kishore, Kenneth C. P. Cheung, Hongmei Fu, Fabrizia Bonacina, Guosu Wang, David Coe, Eleanor J. Ward, Alessandra Colamatteo, Maryam Jangani, Andrea Baragetti, Giuseppe Matarese, David M. Smith, Robert Haas, Claudio Mauro, David C. Wraith, Klaus Okkenhaug, Alberico L. Catapano, Veronica De Rosa, Giuseppe D. Norata, Federica M. Marelli-Berg
Article
Physiology
Heather J. Eyre, Thomas Speight, Jocelyn D. Glazier, David M. Smith, Nick Ashton
EXPERIMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Shadab Abadpour, Bjorn Tyrberg, Simen W. Schive, Charlotte Wennberg Huldt, Peter Gennemark, Erik Ryberg, Tina Ryden-Bergsten, David M. Smith, Olle Korsgren, Stanko Skrtic, Hanne Scholz, Maria Sorhede Winzell
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Brian E. Ford, Shruti S. Chachra, Ahmed Alshawi, Alfie Brennan, Suzannah Harnor, Celine Cano, David J. Baker, David M. Smith, Rebecca J. Fairclough, Loranne Agius
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kenneth C. P. Cheung, Silvia Fanti, Claudio Mauro, Guosu Wang, Anitha S. Nair, Hongmei Fu, Silvia Angeletti, Silvia Spoto, Marta Fogolari, Francesco Romano, Dunja Aksentijevic, Weiwei Liu, Baiying Li, Lixin Cheng, Liwen Jiang, Juho Vuononvirta, Thanushiyan R. Poobalasingam, David M. Smith, Massimo Ciccozzi, Egle Solito, Federica M. Marelli-Berg
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Audrey Colomba, Martina Fitzek, Roger George, Gregory Weitsman, Selene Roberts, Laura Zanetti-Domingues, Michael Hirsch, Daniel J. Rolfe, Shahid Mehmood, Andrew Madin, Jeroen Claus, Svend Kjaer, Ambrosius P. Snijders, Tony Ng, Marisa Martin-Fernandez, David M. Smith, Peter J. Parker
BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maddalena Parafati, Sang Hyo Bae, R. Jason Kirby, Martina Fitzek, Preeti Iyer, Ola Engkvist, David M. Smith, Siobhan Malany
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2020)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Alex-Xianghua Zhou, Tanmoy Mondal, Ali Mustafa Tabish, Shadab Abadpour, Elke Ericson, David M. Smith, Ralph Knoll, Hanne Scholz, Chandrasekhar Kanduri, Bjorn Tyrberg, Magnus Althage
Summary: The study identified an islet-enriched long noncoding RNA TUNAR that promotes human beta-cell proliferation by finely tuning the Wnt pathway, which may have important implications in diabetes treatment. The findings reveal a novel cell-specific epigenetic mechanism via islet-enriched lncRNA that regulates Wnt pathway signaling and human beta-cell proliferation.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Marie-Sophie Nguyen-Tu, Joseph Harris, Aida Martinez-Sanchez, Pauline Chabosseau, Ming Hu, Eleni Georgiadou, Alice Pollard, Pablo Otero, Livia Lopez-Noriega, Isabelle Leclerc, Kei Sakamoto, Dieter Schmoll, David M. Smith, David Carling, Guy A. Rutter
Summary: The role of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in the control of insulin secretion is still debatable. AMPK activation exerts complex, time-dependent effects on insulin secretion. These observations should inform the design and future clinical use of AMPK modulators.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Erica R. Hendrikse, Lydia P. Liew, Rebekah L. Bower, Muriel Bonnet, Muhammad A. Jamaluddin, Nicole Prodan, Keith D. Richards, Christopher S. Walker, Garry Pairaudeau, David M. Smith, Roxana-Maria Rujan, Risha Sudra, Christopher A. Reynolds, Jason M. Booe, Augen A. Pioszak, Jack U. Flanagan, Michael P. Hay, Debbie L. Hay
ACS PHARMACOLOGY & TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE
(2020)
Article
Cell Biology
Hugo Brito, Vanda Marques, Marta B. Afonso, Dean G. Brown, Ulf Borjesson, Nidhal Selmi, David M. Smith, Ieuan O. Roberts, Martina Fitzek, Natalia Aniceto, Rita C. Guedes, Rui Moreira, Cecilia M. P. Rodrigues
CELL DEATH DISCOVERY
(2020)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Alice E. Pollard, Luis Martins, Phillip J. Muckett, Sanjay Khadayate, Aurelie Bornot, Maryam Clausen, Therese Admyre, Mikael Bjursell, Rebeca Fiadeiro, Laura Wilson, Chad Whilding, Vassilios N. Kotiadis, Michael R. Duchen, Daniel Sutton, Lucy Penfold, Alessandro Sardini, Mohammad Bohlooly-Y, David M. Smith, Jon A. Read, Michael A. Snowden, Angela Woods, David Carling
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Runisha Moodaley, David M. Smith, Iain R. Tough, Marcus Schindler, Helen M. Cox
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2017)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Li Tang, Yuanyuan Wu, Mi Tian, C. David Sjostrom, Ulrika Johansson, Xiao-Rong Peng, David M. Smith, Yufeng Huang
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2017)