Review
Cell Biology
William A. E. Parker, Robert F. Storey
Summary: Research is ongoing regarding the use of aspirin and P2Y(12) inhibitors in different patient groups, as well as investigating the impact of aspirin dosing on treatment outcomes.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Bingbing Lin, Juan Yang, Yuwei Song, Guohui Dang, Juan Feng
Summary: Atherosclerosis serves as the common pathological foundation for myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke. Exosomes released by different cell types play a crucial role in cell-to-cell communication, affecting the function of target cells. The potential applications of exosomes in clinical diagnosis and treatment are significant.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Lia Farahi, Satyesh K. Sinha, Aldons J. Lusis
Summary: Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease that involves the recruitment and differentiation of monocytes into macrophages in response to inflammatory insults. Macrophages play critical roles in tissue damage, wound healing, and regression of atherosclerotic lesions, and their phenotypes are influenced by various stimuli. Recent advances in single-cell sequencing have revealed the heterogeneity of macrophages in lesions, shedding light on potential macrophage-based therapies for atherosclerosis.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Annabelle Rosa, Elke Butt, Christopher P. Hopper, Stefan Loroch, Markus Bender, Harald Schulze, Albert Sickmann, Sandra Vorlova, Peter Seizer, David Heinzmann, Alma Zernecke
Summary: Cyclophilin A (CyPA) is a widely expressed protein in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Recent studies have suggested the possibility of acetylation at certain sites in CyPA. In this study, the researchers investigated whether acetylation at these sites plays a role in the release of CyPA from platelets. The results confirmed the presence of CyPA in platelets and its release upon stimulation, but no acetylation was observed. These findings suggest that acetylation is not a major protein modification in platelets and is not required for the release of CyPA from platelets.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sabina Ugovsek, Miran Sebestjen
Summary: Increased levels of lipoprotein(a) are associated with coronary artery disease, degenerative aortic stenosis, and heart failure. These levels are determined by genetic variations of the LPA gene encoding the apolipoprotein(a) component of lipoprotein(a). Lipoprotein(a) increases cardiovascular risk through various mechanisms.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cristina Carresi, Rocco Mollace, Roberta Macri, Miriam Scicchitano, Francesca Bosco, Federica Scarano, Anna Rita Coppoletta, Lorenza Guarnieri, Stefano Ruga, Maria Caterina Zito, Saverio Nucera, Micaela Gliozzi, Vincenzo Musolino, Jessica Maiuolo, Ernesto Palma, Vincenzo Mollace
Summary: Atherothrombosis, a complex artery disorder, is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Imbalance between oxidative stress and antioxidant defenses triggers cellular events leading to vascular wall remodeling and thrombus formation. Emerging studies focus on clotting activation and defective autophagy as potential therapeutic targets for atherosclerotic disease.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Seung Hun Lee, Hyun Kuk Kim, Jong-Hwa Ahn, Min Gyu Kang, Kye-Hwan Kim, Jae Seok Bae, Sang Young Cho, Jin-Sin Koh, Yongwhi Park, Seok Jae Hwang, Diana A. Gorog, Udaya S. Tantry, Kevin P. Bliden, Paul A. Gurbel, Jin-Yong Hwang, Young-Hoon Jeong
Summary: This study evaluated thrombogenicity indices and their prognostic implications in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). It found that acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients had higher platelet-fibrin clot strength and lower fibrinolytic activity compared to non-AMI patients. The combined phenotype of high clot strength and low fibrinolytic activity was associated with post-PCI atherothrombotic events only in AMI patients.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Nicholas H. Adamstein, Jean G. MacFadyen, Lynda M. Rose, Robert J. Glynn, Amit K. Dey, Peter Libby, Ira A. Tabas, Nehal N. Mehta, Paul M. Ridker
Summary: The study demonstrates that the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) can predict cardiovascular events and mortality risk, and can be reduced by anti-inflammatory therapy with canakinumab.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lourdes Chulia-Peris, Cristina Carreres-Rey, Marta Gabasa, Jordi Alcaraz, Julian Carretero, Javier Pereda
Summary: Pulmonary fibrosis is a disease characterized by abnormal extracellular matrix deposition, fibroblast to myofibroblast transition, and parenchymal disorganization. The balance between matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their tissue inhibitors (TIMPs) is disrupted in pulmonary fibrosis. CD147, in addition to inducing MMP activity, also plays a key role in fibroblast to myofibroblast transition in this disease.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Atif Zafar, Hang Pong Ng, Rachel Diamond-Zaluski, Gun-Dong Kim, Ernest Ricky Chan, Sally L. Dunwoodie, Jonathan D. Smith, Ganapati H. Mahabeleshwar
Summary: The transcriptionally dynamic macrophages play key roles in the development of inflammatory vascular diseases. In this study, the CITED2 was identified as a cell-intrinsic negative regulator of inflammation in macrophages. The deficiency of CITED2 elevates pro-inflammatory gene expression and contributes to the development of atherosclerotic plaques.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alvaro Petersen-Uribe, Marcel Kremser, Anne-Katrin Rohlfing, Tatsiana Castor, Kyra Kolb, Valerie Dicenta, Frederic Emschermann, Bo Li, Oliver Borst, Dominik Rath, Karin Anne Lydia Mueller, Meinrad Paul Gawaz
Summary: Platelets play a significant role in atherothrombosis, and this study found that they are a major source of PCSK9 in coronary artery disease (CAD). PCSK9 released by platelets contributes to platelet activation and thrombo-inflammation, with inhibition of PCSK9 showing beneficial effects in reducing these processes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Hematology
Andrew J. Murphy, Dragana Dragoljevic, Pradeep Natarajan, Nan Wang
Summary: Hematopoiesis is the process of blood production, but the susceptibility of hematopoietic stem cells to mutations can lead to clonal hematopoietic disorders. Clonal hematopoiesis is associated with aging, where mutant stem cells produce a small portion of mature immune cells. People with clonal hematopoiesis have an increased risk of mortality due to cardiovascular disease.
THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Kind-Leng Tong, Ke-En Tan, Yat-Yuen Lim, Xin-Yi Tien, Pooi-Fong Wong
Summary: This review discusses the role of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, focusing on their interactions with microRNAs (miRNAs) and messenger RNAs (mRNAs). The mechanisms and clinical relevance of circRNAs in atherogenesis are systematically analyzed, providing a comprehensive overview of the knowledge gap in this field.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wei Li, Ehab Osman, Claes Forssell, Xi-Ming Yuan
Summary: PAR1 expression in human atherosclerotic lesions is significantly associated with plaque progression and patient age. It is also correlated with macrophage infiltration and accumulation of iron metabolic proteins. In vitro studies suggest that iron exposure increases PAR1 expression and colocalizes with ferritin expression.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Abed El-Hakim El-Kadiry, Yahye Merhi
Summary: Platelets are derived from megakaryocytes and play a crucial role in primary hemostasis and thrombosis by maintaining vascular integrity. Despite lacking nuclei, they possess functional genomic mediators for limited de novo protein synthesis and are equipped with multiple protein degradation mechanisms such as the proteasome, the role of which in platelets remains unclear. Their functional coupling with the transcription factor NF-kappa B presents a potential therapeutic target in atherothrombotic diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Robert A. Byrne, Himanshu Rai, Roisin Colleran
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Susanne Stutte, Hellen Ishikawa-Ankerhold, Lydia Lynch, Sarah Eickhoff, Simona Nasiscionyte, Chenglong Guo, Dominic van den Heuvel, Daniel Setzensack, Marco Colonna, Daniela Maier-Begandt, Ludwig Weckbach, Thomas Brocker, Christian Schulz, Barbara Walzog, Ulrich von Andrian
Summary: This study found that plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are enriched in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) of humans with obesity, and a high-fat diet (HFD) promotes their recruitment and activation in VAT. The recruitment of pDCs into VAT is dependent on the nutritional state and involves the engagement of specific molecules such as P-selectin. Preventing pDC infiltration into VAT can prevent weight gain and improve glucose tolerance during HFD.
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Hematology
Julian Leberzammer, Stijn M. Agten, Xavier Blanchet, Rundan Duan, Hans Ippel, Remco T. A. Megens, Christian Schulz, Maria Aslani, Johan Duchene, Yvonne Doring, Natalie J. Jooss, Pengyu Zhang, Richard Brandl, Konstantin Stark, Wolfgang Siess, Kerstin Jurk, Johan W. M. Heemskerk, Tilman M. Hackeng, Kevin H. Mayo, Christian Weber, Philipp von Hundelshausen
Summary: The study explored the molecular mechanisms of CXCL12 in arterial thrombosis, revealing that inhibition of CXCR4 can attenuate platelet aggregation and limit arterial thrombosis. Mechanistically, CXCL12 activates Btk leading to platelet aggregation, while the interaction between CXCL12 and CCL5 can inhibit this process. A novel peptide was found to inhibit CXCL12-induced platelet aggregation without prolonging bleeding time.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Manuel Lasch, Kritika Sudan, Corinna Paul, Christian Schulz, Thomas Kolben, Julia van Dorp, Sibel Eren, Susanne Beyer, Lorenzo Siniscalchi, Sven Mahner, Udo Jeschke, Sarah Meister
Summary: This study established a new isolation method for investigating decidual macrophages and Hofbauer cells in the placenta. It provides a promising approach to understand the functional subsets of placental macrophages and identify therapeutic targets for pregnancy-associated diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Florian Kleefeldt, Berin Upcin, Heike Boemmel, Christian Schulz, Georg Eckner, Jan Allmanritter, Jochen Bauer, Barbara Braunger, Uwe Rueckschloss, Sueleyman Erguen
Summary: Pathological angiogenesis, which is involved in tumor growth, metastasis, and atherosclerotic plaque rupture, is promoted by macrophages. In this study, it was found that 60% of these macrophages differentiate from bone marrow-independent adventitial progenitor cells. Macrophages are the main source of VEGF in angiogenesis and they also activate progenitor cells to differentiate into endothelial cells. Depletion of macrophages and VEGFR2 antagonism significantly reduce vascular sprouting activity. These findings suggest that targeting VW-SC-derived macrophages may be a potential strategy for interfering with pathological angiogenesis.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Saskia Rauber, Maximilian Fischer, Denise Messerer, Vanessa Wimmler, Kumaraswami Konda, Andrei Todica, Michael Lorenz, Anna Titova, Christian Schulz, Tobias Weinberger
Summary: The reduction of Rxr alpha levels in monocytes and macrophages negatively impacts cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction, leading to increased myocardial defects and worsened cardiac function.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fitsumbirhan T. Mehari, Meike Miller, Robert Pick, Almke Bader, Kami Pekayvaz, Matteo Napoli, Bernd Uhl, Christoph A. Reichel, Markus Sperandio, Barbara Walzog, Christian Schulz, Steffen Massberg, Konstantin Stark
Summary: The study demonstrated the activation and migration patterns of leukocytes during inflammation through intravital microscopy and signal analysis. The researchers identified distinct calcium signaling patterns in different cell types and revealed key molecules involved in regulating these patterns. This study provides new insights into the assessment of leukocyte activation and migration during inflammation.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Alma Zernecke, Florian Erhard, Tobias Weinberger, Christian Schulz, Klaus Ley, Antoine Emmanuel Saliba, Clement Cochain
Summary: This study aimed to refine the nomenclature of mononuclear phagocytes in atherosclerotic vessels and compare their transcriptomic profiles in mouse and human disease. The researchers integrated single-cell RNA-sequencing datasets from both mice and humans, identifying subpopulations and unique transcriptomic features. They found conserved transcriptomic features of macrophages and DCs in atherosclerosis, highlighting the relevance of mouse models in studying mononuclear phagocytes in this disease.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Tobias Petzold, Zhe Zhang, Ivan Ballesteros, Inas Saleh, Amin Polzin, Manuela Thienel, Lulu Liu, Qurrat Ul Ain, Vincent Ehreiser, Christian Weber, Badr Kilani, Pontus Mertsch, Jeremias Goetschke, Sophie Cremer, Wenwen Fu, Michael Lorenz, Hellen Ishikawa-Ankerhold, Elisabeth Raatz, Shaza El-Nemr, Agnes Goerlach, Esther Marhuenda, Konstantin Stark, Joachim Pircher, David Stegner, Christian Gieger, Marc Schmidt-Supprian, Florian Gaertner, Isaac Almendros, Malte Kelm, Christian Schulz, Andres Hidalgo, Steffen Massberg
Summary: In this study, researchers found that neutrophils and platelets cooperate in the early stages of platelet formation. Neutrophils control platelet production by plucking intravascular platelet extensions. In steady state, neutrophils accelerate platelet growth and facilitate continuous release. However, after myocardial infarction, excessive release of young platelets driven by neutrophil plucking increases the risk of recurrent ischemia. Ablation of neutrophil plucking reduces thromboischemic events and thrombus burden.
Review
Immunology
Kristof Van Avondt, Jan-Kolja Strecker, Claudia Tulotta, Jens Minnerup, Christian Schulz, Oliver Soehnlein
Summary: Life expectancy has significantly increased over the past millennia, thanks to improved diet, lifestyle, and medical care. However, increased lifespan and aging are also major risk factors for various pathologies, including cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. Recent research has shown that neutrophils play a crucial role in these pathologies. This review provides an overview of how aging affects neutrophil production and function, and how neutrophils contribute to aging-associated diseases. It also discusses potential therapeutic approaches targeting neutrophil-driven pathologies in the context of aging.
IMMUNOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Ina Rohwedder, Lou Martha Wackerbarth, Kristina Heinig, Annamaria Ballweg, Johannes Altstaetter, Myriam Ripphahn, Claudia Nussbaum, Melanie Salvermoser, Susanne Bierschenk, Tobias Straub, Matthias Gunzer, Marc Schmidt-Supprian, Thomas Kolben, Christian Schulz, Averil Ma, Barbara Walzog, Matthias Heinig, Markus Sperandio
Summary: Newborns, especially premature infants, are prone to developing neonatal sepsis due to differences in immune system requirements during intrauterine and extrauterine life. Through transcriptomic analysis, we have identified the molecular mechanisms of neutrophil maturation and functional adaptation in fetal ontogeny. Our findings reveal constitutive activation of the noncanonical NF-KB pathway and upregulation of A20 in fetal neutrophils, leading to appropriate adaptation of neutrophil function during intrauterine fetal life but potentially hampering immune responses in prematurely born infants.
Article
Immunology
Bernd Uhl, Florian Haring, Julia Slotta-Huspenina, Joshua Luft, Vera Schneewind, Jonas Hildinger, Zhengquan Wu, Katja Steiger, Bojan Smiljanov, Aarif M. N. Batcha, Oliver T. Keppler, Johannes C. Hellmuth, Tobias Lahmer, Konrad Stock, Bernhard G. Weiss, Martin Canis, Konstantin Stark, Thomas Bromberger, Markus Moser, Christian Schulz, Wilko Weichert, Gabriele Zuchtriegel, Christoph A. Reichel
Summary: Microvascular immunothrombotic dysregulation plays a critical role in severe systemic inflammatory diseases, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. This study shows that the matricellular glycoprotein vitronectin (VN) forms an intravascular scaffold under systemic inflammatory conditions, promoting interactions between platelets, immune cells, and the venular endothelium. Blocking the VN receptor glycoprotein (GP)IIb/IIIa prevents microvascular clot formation. The presence of VN is enriched in the pulmonary microvasculature of patients with severe systemic inflammatory responses. Targeting the VN-GPIIb/IIIa axis may be a promising strategy to counteract microvascular immunothrombotic dysregulation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Robert A. Byrne, Stephen Fremes, Davide Capodanno, Martin Czerny, Torsten Doenst, Jonathan R. Emberson, Volkmar Falk, Mario Gaudino, John J. Mcmurray, Roxana Mehran, Milan Milojevic, Miguel Sousa Uva
Summary: In October 2021, the ESC and EACTS established a task force to review the 2018 guidelines on myocardial revascularization for patients with LM disease. The task force suggested updated recommendations for revascularization modality, stating that both CABG and PCI are clinically reasonable options for stable patients with LM disease. The task force also acknowledged knowledge gaps and emphasized the need for more data.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Robert A. Byrne, Xavier Rossello, J. J. Coughlan, Emanuele Barbato, Colin Berry, Alaide Chieffo, Marc J. Claeys, Gheorghe-Andrei Dan, Marc R. Dweck, Mary Galbraith, Martine Gilard, Lynne Hinterbuchner, Ewa A. Jankowska, Peter Juni, Takeshi Kimura, Vijay Kunadian, Margret Leosdottir, Roberto Lorusso, Roberto F. E. Pedretti, Angelos G. Rigopoulos, Maria Rubini Gimenez, Holger Thiele, Pascal Vranckx, Sven Wassmann, Nanette Kass Wenger, Borja Ibanez, ESC Sci Document Grp
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Robert A. Byrne, Stephen Fremes, Davide Capodanno, Martin Czerny, Torsten Doenst, Jonathan R. Emberson, Volkmar Falk, Mario Gaudino, John J. Mcmurray, Roxana Mehran, Milan Milojevic, Miguel Sousa Uva
Summary: In October 2021, the ESC and EACTS established a Task Force to review recommendations on myocardial revascularization in patients with LM disease. The TF assessed new data, including aggregated data from four randomized trials comparing PCI with CABG. The TF concluded that both treatment options are clinically reasonable based on patient preference, expertise, and local operator volumes, but acknowledged gaps in knowledge and the limitations of the available data.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CARDIO-THORACIC SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Hematology
E. O. Artemenko, S. I. Obydennyi, K. S. Troyanova, G. A. Novichkova, D. Y. Nechipurenko, M. A. Panteleev
Summary: In this study, we investigated the adhesive properties of circulating plasma-derived and platelet-derived microvesicles (MVs) and their potential role in thrombus growth. The results showed that both types of MVs weakly bound fibrinogen but did not stably adhere to immobilized fibrinogen. Moreover, the presence of these MVs did not significantly affect thrombus formation. Therefore, MVs present in the plasma of healthy individuals are unlikely to directly contribute to thrombus formation under arterial flow conditions.
THROMBOSIS RESEARCH
(2024)
Letter
Hematology
Giuseppe Lippi, Camilla Mattiuzzi, Emmanuel J. Favaloro
THROMBOSIS RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Hematology
Marium Malik, Maha Al-Ghafry, Abraham Haimed, Julia Su, Maribel Lema, Linda Shore-Lessersson, Suchitra S. Acharya
Summary: This study analyzed and evaluated leukemia-associated coagulopathy in newly diagnosed pediatric leukemia patients using CCTs and ROTEM. The results showed that fibrinogen and platelets played a significant role in causing coagulopathies in this population. This suggests the utility of using CCTs and ROTEM in the pediatric population to evaluate hemostatic function and guide blood product replacement.
THROMBOSIS RESEARCH
(2024)
Review
Hematology
Mohammad M. Elahi, Alexandra N. Witt, Edward L. G. Pryzdial, Paul B. McBeth
Summary: Thrombotic disease may be underdiagnosed in microgravity conditions, and the underlying factors are still poorly understood. A case of internal jugular vein thrombosis was recently diagnosed in a low-risk female astronaut, and six out of ten additional crew members showed risk factors for jugular venous flow. Observations in space and studies on Earth suggest that microgravity affects blood flow, coagulation, and vascular function.
THROMBOSIS RESEARCH
(2024)
Review
Hematology
Stian Ingemann-Molden, Christina Krogner Caspersen, Nanna Rolving, Anette Arbjerg Hojen, Frederikus A. Klok, Erik L. Grove, Barbara Cristina Brocki, Jane Andreasen
Summary: This study found that no single PROM covered all aspects considered important by PE patients. PROMs recommended in the ICHOM core set covered most aspects, but worrisome thoughts, hypervigilance around symptoms, and uncertainty of illness were not covered.
THROMBOSIS RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Hematology
Haomin Yan, Tsutomu Sasaki, Yasufumi Gon, Kumiko Nishiyama, Hideaki Kanki, Hideki Mochizuki
Summary: The incidence of cancer-associated stroke has increased with the prolonged survival times of cancer patients. In this study, the researchers focused on the driver gene KRAS and found that KRAS mutations exacerbated neurological deficits after stroke and promoted tumor growth. They also identified the upregulation of pro-inflammatory responses and the promotion of STAT3 phosphorylation in mice with KRAS mutations. Additionally, the researchers found that colorectal cancer patients with stroke onset within 3 months after cancer diagnosis had a worse prognosis.
THROMBOSIS RESEARCH
(2024)
Letter
Hematology
Tomoki Togashi, Satomi Nagaya, Makiko Meguro-Horike, Haruto Matsumoto, Yuta Imai, Koichi Yamaguchi, Yoshinari Fujii, Haruka Moriya, Yuika Kikuchi, Ibuki Yasuda, Shin-ichi Horike, Eriko Morishita
THROMBOSIS RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Hematology
Marta Najarro, Winnifer Briceno, Carmen Rodriguez, Alfonso Muriel, Sara Gonzalez, Ana Castillo, Ignacio Jara, Parth Rali, Catalin Toma, Behnood Bikdeli, David Jimenez
Summary: The CPES score is a useful tool in identifying the risk of hemodynamic deterioration in normotensive patients with acute PE, with acceptable C-statistic, excellent specificity, and low positive predictive value.
THROMBOSIS RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Hematology
Lei Liu, Huifang Xu, Jian Wang, Haiyan Wang, Saisai Ren, Qian Huang, Mingyan Zhang, Hui Zhou, Chunyan Yang, Lu Jia, Yu Huang, Hao Zhang, Yanling Tao, Ying Li, Yanan Min
Summary: This study investigated the gut microbiota metabolites and cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors in patients with ITP and found their association with treatment responsiveness. The findings suggest that imbalanced secretion of cyto(chemo)kins/growth factors and inadequate levels of TMAO are characteristic of patients with ITP.
THROMBOSIS RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Hematology
Roxanne Mcknight, Mohammad Salameh, Lee Ann Jones, Greta Anton, Lindsay Carter
Summary: This study evaluated the safety of fixed-dose heparin titration boluses in underweight patients with VTE. The results showed that although underweight patients required more frequent holding of heparin, there was no significant increase in bleeding risk.
THROMBOSIS RESEARCH
(2024)
